On the Origins of Magnetic Excursions in the Great Lakes

Paleomagnetic studies of cores from Lake Michigan and Lake Erie exhibit possible excursions of the geomagnetic field at approximately 9,000 to 10,000 years B.P. and 12,000 to 14,000 years B.P. In this report, magnetic data and lithologic data from two cores from Lake Erie and six cores from Lake Michigan are presented. It is shown that the magnetic excursions are predominately associated with deepening waters which followed low lake levels produced by glacial advances and retreats. It is suggested that these excursions are the result of slumping and/or flowing of lacustrine and glaciolacustrine materials, rather than of changes in the magnetic field.     

Studies of aversive conditioning for alcoholics: A critical review of theory and research methodology.

Reviews studies of the applications of aversive conditioning procedures to alcoholics. The review is divided into sections on electrical and chemical aversive stimulation and is organized according to the level of research design used. While many positive outcomes are reported, inconsistent theoretical underpinnings of the research are also reported. The lack of systematic investigation of relationships between therapist, patient, and technique characteristics indicate the need for further investigation. The ethics of using the techniques reviewed with human Ss are discussed. (62 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Some Aspects of the Control of Medicines in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

The main aspects of the control of medicinal products in the United Kingdom following the publication of the Medicines Act 1968 are shown against the background of the work of the Medicines Division, Department of Health and Social Security, and its consultative and advisory bodies. Brief mention is made of the cooperation with international bodies.     

Common-Cause Failure Considerations in Predicting HTGR Cooling System Reliability

Probabilistic safety analyses of the High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor are being performed by the General Atomic Company. The project is sponsored by the Energy Research and Development Administration and is known as Accident Initiation and Progression Analysis. Probabilistic methods are used to estimate the probability of failure of the HTGR cooling systems.     

An efficient iterative method for numerical evaluation of integrals over a semi-infinite range

A procedure for numerical quadrature over a semi-infinite range is described which does not require storing weights or nodes. It is applicable to a wide variety of integrands including oscillatory functions and forms with integrable singularites. A computer program and numerical examples are presented.     

Work motivation and the negative effects of extrinsic rewards: A review with implications for theory and practice.

Considers the possibility that intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are not independent, that they do not summate, and that a consequence of arousing extrinsic motivation is to reduce intrinsic motivation. The research relating personal causation to the interaction between the types of motivation is reviewed, and empirical evidence is presented. The interaction effects are noted to be symmetrical in some conditions, and the adequacy of current theories of work motivation is questioned. Innovations such as job enlargement, job enrichment, and participative management appear designed to simultaneously manipulate both types of motivation. (23 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Convergence of a finite element procedure for solving boundary value problems of the fourth order

Convergence of a finite element procedure for the solution of the fourth-order equations is proved. A generalization of this result is mentioned and some remarks concerning the numerical results obtained at the Computing Centre of the Technical University in Brno are given.     

Phospholipid reactivation of plasmalogen metabolism

This report is concerned mainly with the properties of an enzyme from rat liver microsomes which hydrolyzes the alkenyl ether bond of 1-(1′-alk-1′-enyl)-glycero-3-phosphoryl-choline (alkenyl-GPC hydrolase). Destruction of the normal environment of the microsomes by treatment with phospholipases A or C caused inactivation of the alkenyl-GPC hydrolase, which was then partially reactivated by the addition of exogenous phospholipids. Both sphingomyelin and diacyl-GPC were efficient in restoring activity; diacyl-GPE was less effective; and monoacyl-GPC and monoacyl-GPE were ineffective. The presence of two long hydrocarbon chains in the lipid activator is apparently required for reactivation, suggesting that interaction of hydrophobic areas of the enzyme with the phospholipid is necessary for maximal activity. High concentrations of sucrose mimicked the effect of phospholipids, and because the sucrose and diacyl-GPC did not show an additive effect, they may reactivate the enzyme in a similar manner. Disrupting the enzyme's environment by freezing and thawing the preparation also resulted in a loss of enzymatic activity, which was restored by added exogenous phospholipids. The alkenyl-GPC hydrolase was inhibited by imidazole and some of its derivatives. Histidine and N-acetyl histidine did not inhibit the enzyme, presumably due to the presence of a negative charge on the carboxyl group rather than the steric bulk of that group, since histidine methyl ester did inhibit the enzyme. Kinetic evidence showed imidazole to be a competitive inhibitor. The enzymatic activity of imidazole-treated microsomes also increased following addition of exogenous phospholipids. Imidazole inhibition differed from the phospholipase A-inactivation in that it was partially reversed by KCl, but not by sucrose. Imidazole did not inhibit other microsomal enzymes tested, indicating that it is not a general inhibitor of membrane-associated enzymes.