CERTAINTY FACTOR THEORY AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN AN INFORMATION SYSTEM-ORIENTED EXPERT SYSTEM SHELL

This article discusses some topics related to the MYCIN model for uncertainty handling in expert systems. Some previously identified problems in this model should be considered as evidence to support the point of view that the probabilistic interpretation for measure of belief (MB) and measure of disbelief (MD) given by Shortliffe is inappropriate. In connection lo this, some results achieved by Heckerman are also reviewed and one of his arguments is questioned. According to this argument, the original interpretation for certainty factors implies a noncommutative method for evidence combination, and therefore, this interpretation should be abandoned. Problems similar to those identified by Adams in the original interpretation for certainty factors exist also in the interpretation recommended by Heckerman. Then, in the context of previous results stating that there is an isomorphic mapping from the evidence combination scheme for the likelihood ratio to the evidence combination function adopted in EMYCIN and its successors, we point out that the evidence combination scheme for the likelihood ratio suffers from a strong restriction. We remark upon the complaint that the MYCIN model cannot always function as well as one has expected. Implementation of the certainty factor mechanism in an information system-oriented expert system shell with some substantial changes is described     

轧板厂磁力推床存在的问题及改进的方法

轧板厂磁力推床采用齿轮齿条作为磁力车的推动系统，在运行中出现三磁跎启动瞬间不同步，即瞬时出现单磁跎驱动，使该磁跎产生瞬间超负荷现象，会造成齿条跳齿，严重时甚至导致电机线圈烧毁．通过改进，采用液压驱动系统作为三磁跎的推动系统，由于液压系统所特有的过载保护特性，可使三个磁跎推力驱动系统达到自动同步的目的．再增加机械导向系统，则可克服油缸偏载．     

箬叶香气成分的研究

用水蒸汽蒸溜法提取箬叶香气成分 ,气相色谱法分离 ,质谱法鉴定结构并与计算机系统储存的已知物质的质谱进行比较。共鉴定出 2 7个挥发性化合物 ,主要挥发性成分有 :十六烷、棕榈酸、十五烷、油酰胺、十七烷、对 乙烯基苯酚、(E) 植醇、8 己基十五烷、7,3′,4′ 三甲氧基槲皮素、肉豆蔻酸、植烷、肉豆蔻酰胺、硬脂酰胺、4 乙烯基愈疮木酚、十四烷、2 甲基十五烷、3 甲基十五烷、(Z) 植醇等 ,而关键香味化合物是 :对 乙烯基苯酚、4 乙烯基愈疮木酚、二苯甲酮、2 ,2′ 二乙基联苯、2 ,6 二异丙基萘、(Z) 植醇、二十腈、2 苯基十三烷、(E) 植醇 9个化合物     

Nonaccumulation of Residues in Swine Tissue Following Extended Consumption of Deoxynivalenol-Contaminated Diets

Several tissues from 62 pigs fed deoxynivalertol (DON)-contamirtated diets (6.0–7.6 mg DON/kg feed) for periods of 3–7 wk were analyzed to determine if residues accumulated following extended ingestion of the toxin. In the liver, kidney and backfat samples analyzed, trace levels were found, measuring on average 3.0 ± 3.5, 5.0 ± 9.2, and 6.7 ± 9.6 ng DON/g wet tissue, respectively. Only 13% (24/186) of samples had more than 10 ng/g, and of these only two contained more than 50 ng/g. These results indicate that when pigs are fed DON-contaminated grains, residues do not appear to accumulate in tissues to any appreciable extent.     

多天线无人机通信系统中的安全波束成形方案

针对第6代移动通信系统中多天线无人机通信下行链路传输系统,在有多个合法用户和单个窃听者的场景以及已知窃听者统计信道状态信息的情况下,提出了2种安全波束成形方案：一种是基于迫零算法的波束成形方案,在系统传输总功率受限条件下最大化系统可达安全速率,得到了波束成形权矢量和功率分配因子的闭合解;另一种是基于增强信漏噪比算法的波束成形方案,采用一种分式规划和交替方向乘子法（ADMM）相结合的迭代算法,实现波束成形权矢量和功率分配因子的设计.仿真结果表明,相比较于迫零算法,基于ADMM的增强信漏噪比算法能够有效地提升系统的安全性能.     

多西他赛手性侧链的制备

以苯甲醛(Ⅱ)和S-对甲氧基苯乙胺(Ⅲ)为起始原料,缩合制备N-苯亚甲基-4-甲氧基苯胺(Ⅳ),化合物Ⅳ再与乙酰氧基乙酰氯缩合成四元环,经异丙醚重结晶得到单一手性的(+)-顺式-1-对甲氧基苯基-3-乙酰氧基-4-苯基-2-吖叮啶酮(Ⅴ),再经硝酸铈铵氧化脱去对甲氧基苯乙胺得到(+)-顺式-3-乙酰氧基-4-苯基-2-吖叮啶酮(Ⅶ),然后在碱性条件下脱去乙酰基得到(+)-顺式-3-羟基-4-苯基-2-吖叮啶酮(Ⅷ),最后采用一锅法,化合物Ⅷ先与乙烯基乙醚缩合、再与二叔丁基二碳酸酯缩合直接得到多西他赛手性侧链(Ⅰ),总收率23.4%。该合成方法反应条件温和,反应步骤少,收率高。     

双氧水-氢氧化钠结合对脱细胞猪真皮基质材料高度纯化的作用

以可溯源性猪皮为原料,采用特殊的化学、物理及生化方法对猪皮进行高度纯化处理,通过观察实验中皮块厚度、面积、废液中胶原蛋白与非胶原蛋白含量及组织学形貌变化,得出脱细胞猪真皮基质碱膨胀的最佳方案为双氧水4%-氢氧化钠6%。并制备了高纯度脱细胞猪真皮基质,检测其抗张强度为7.2 MPa,吸湿性能好,不含重金属,无经口急毒,细胞除去干净且细胞毒性1级,为今后脱细胞猪真皮基质在生物医用材料领域的应用奠定基础。     

容器壳体切向接管区应力数值计算和强度分析

针对某容器壳体上切向接管结构的应力计算和强度分析问题,应用有限元理论和方法,建立数值计算模型,采用ANSYS进行应力计算,得到了详尽的应力场。在应力分析的基础上,按照分析设计的思想对接管区应力进行分类和强度评定。应力计算结果显示,在接管区多个部位存在着较高的局部应力。强度评定结果表明,接管区的强度满足要求。     

基于子带二次谱熵的语音端点检测

为了提高在强噪声环境下语音端点检测的准确度,提出基于子带二次谱熵的端点检测算法.该算法把子带二次谱熵作为端点检测新的特征参数,首先计算每帧语音信号的二次谱,再多子带分析,计算二次谱熵;引入顺序统计滤波对二次谱熵平滑处理;将有限状态机判别方法与子带二次谱熵相合,形成新的语音/噪声判别算法,有效地解决单门限法易出现的两类误判.实验表明:与传统的两种方法相比,提出的端点检测算法具有准确性高、抗噪性强等优点.     

天然沥青对基质沥青低温改性研究

为了提高基质沥青的低温性能,采用新疆地产的天然沥青来改性基质沥青,以克拉玛依90#和110#2种基质沥青为例,通过在5℃和10℃的测力延度实验,计算了2种基质沥青在改性前后应力、断裂做功、温度敏感系数的变化,并通过改性前后玻璃化温度的变化来证实低温改性效果.实验结果表明,天然沥青对克拉玛依110#基质沥青的最佳掺比为5%,天然沥青对克拉玛依90#基质沥青的最佳掺比为7%,改性沥青表现出较好的低温性能.