全文获取类型
收费全文 | 166530篇 |
免费 | 7722篇 |
国内免费 | 3954篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 5009篇 |
技术理论 | 11篇 |
综合类 | 7096篇 |
化学工业 | 25543篇 |
金属工艺 | 9380篇 |
机械仪表 | 8025篇 |
建筑科学 | 9057篇 |
矿业工程 | 2810篇 |
能源动力 | 3600篇 |
轻工业 | 9260篇 |
水利工程 | 2677篇 |
石油天然气 | 5174篇 |
武器工业 | 640篇 |
无线电 | 18769篇 |
一般工业技术 | 26779篇 |
冶金工业 | 7814篇 |
原子能技术 | 1196篇 |
自动化技术 | 35366篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 272篇 |
2023年 | 1328篇 |
2022年 | 2342篇 |
2021年 | 3371篇 |
2020年 | 2568篇 |
2019年 | 2177篇 |
2018年 | 16417篇 |
2017年 | 15766篇 |
2016年 | 12158篇 |
2015年 | 3864篇 |
2014年 | 4323篇 |
2013年 | 5041篇 |
2012年 | 8421篇 |
2011年 | 14887篇 |
2010年 | 12993篇 |
2009年 | 10066篇 |
2008年 | 11163篇 |
2007年 | 12064篇 |
2006年 | 4646篇 |
2005年 | 5089篇 |
2004年 | 3789篇 |
2003年 | 3479篇 |
2002年 | 2779篇 |
2001年 | 2146篇 |
2000年 | 2163篇 |
1999年 | 2305篇 |
1998年 | 2351篇 |
1997年 | 1872篇 |
1996年 | 1706篇 |
1995年 | 1247篇 |
1994年 | 1162篇 |
1993年 | 843篇 |
1992年 | 608篇 |
1991年 | 491篇 |
1990年 | 374篇 |
1989年 | 297篇 |
1988年 | 267篇 |
1987年 | 167篇 |
1986年 | 118篇 |
1985年 | 97篇 |
1984年 | 57篇 |
1983年 | 49篇 |
1982年 | 57篇 |
1981年 | 61篇 |
1968年 | 43篇 |
1966年 | 45篇 |
1965年 | 45篇 |
1959年 | 41篇 |
1955年 | 63篇 |
1954年 | 70篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 109 毫秒
991.
The complete mechanism by which pathogenic mtDNA mutations cause cellular pathophysiology and in some cases cell death is unclear. Oxidant stress is especially toxic to excitable nerve and muscle cells, cells that are often affected in mitochondrial disease. The sensitivity of cells bearing the LHON, MELAS, and MERRF mutations to oxidant stress was determined. All were significantly more sensitive to H2O2 exposure than their nonmutant cybrid controls, the order of sensitivity was MELAS > LHON > MERRF > controls. Depletion of Ca2+ from the medium protected all cell lines from oxidant stress, consistent with the hypothesis that death induced by oxidant stress is Ca(2+)-dependent. A potential downstream target of Ca2+ is the mitochondrial permeability transition, MPT, which is inhibited by cyclosporin A. Treatment of MELAS, LHON, and MERRF cells with cyclosporin A caused significant rescue from oxidant exposure, and in each case significantly greater rescue of mutant than control cells. The pronounced oxidant-sensitivity of mutant cells, and their protection by Ca2+ depletion and CsA, has potential implications for both the pathophysiological mechanism and therapy of these mitochondrial genetic diseases. 相似文献
992.
云母粒径对云母/聚丙烯性能的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
朱静安 《现代塑料加工应用》1994,6(6):19-22
研究了云母填充改性聚丙烯(云母/PP)中云母粒径对其性能的影响。实验结果表明:云母粒径越小使得云母/聚丙烯材料强度提高越大、断裂伸长率增加,加工流动性变好;同时也促进和有利于聚丙烯结晶过程中的成核作用。 相似文献
993.
凝析油资源现状及利用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
随着燕山石化、金山石化、扬子石化乙烯改造工程相继完成,石脑油的需求将不断提高,通过利用凝析油可以增加化工轻油的来源,起到稳定石脑油市场的作用。现对全球,特别是亚太地区凝析油的资源、生产、销售及未来的发展进行初步分析,并提出相应建议。 相似文献
994.
A Scoppola P De Paolis G Menzinger A Lala S Di Giulio 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,51(3):908-912
Mevalonic acid (mevalonate or MVA), is an obligate precursor in the biosynthetic pathway of cholesterol. It is partially metabolized by the kidneys and its plasma concentrations are an index of endogenous cholesterol synthesis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate plasma MVA concentrations in uremic patients with different degrees of chronic renal failure (CRF; group A), and the effects of a single hemodialysis treatment on plasma MVA in a group of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD; group B). CRF patients exhibited a higher mean basal mevalonate concentration (13.3 +/- 6.5 ng/ml) than control subjects (4.68 +/- 1.32 ng/ml; P < 0.001). A statistically significant direct correlation was evident in CRF patients between mevalonate and creatinine plasma levels (r = 0.86; P < 0.001). A single hemodialysis treatment was associated with a significant reduction of plasma mevalonate concentrations four hours after the hemodialysis session (-57%; P < 0.001) and an increase up to the basal values 24 hours after the end of the treatment. In conclusion, our results demonstrated: (i) higher plasma MVA concentrations in patients with decreased renal function; (ii) a direct relationship between plasma MVA levels and the degree of kidney failure as expressed by creatinine plasma concentrations; and (iii) a clear cut reduction of elevated plasma MVA levels after a single hemodialysis treatment. 相似文献
995.
The paper describes the development and evaluation of temperature compensated high elongation resistance strain gauges for use from room temperature to 250°C. These gauges could be temperature-compensated on steels with coefficient of thermal expansion α = 11 ppm/°C. Thermal output within 250°C was about 1 μm/m/°C and maximum standard deviation of 5 gauges was 34 μm/m. Strain limit was > 4% at room temperature and at 250°C. Gauge factors of different strain ranges at R.T. and at 250°C are tabulated. Some applications are stated. 相似文献
996.
Chih-Chun Hsieh Tao-Chih Chang Dong-Yih Lin Ming-Che Chen Weite Wu 《Metals and Materials International》2007,13(5):411-416
The purpose of this study is to investigate the precipitation characteristics of σ phase in the fusion zone of stainless steel
welds at various welding passes during a tungsten are welding (GTAW) process. The morphology, quantity, and chemical composition
of the δ-ferrite and σ phase were analyzed using optical microscopy (OM), a ferritscope (FS), a X-ray diffractometer (XRD),
scanning electron microscopy (SEM), an electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA), and a wavelength dispersive spectrometer (WDS),
respectively. Massive δ-ferrite was observed in the fusion zone of the first pass welds during welding of dissimilar stainless
steels. The σ phase precipitated at the inner δ-ferrite particles and decreased δ-ferrite content during the third pass welding.
The σ and δ phases can be stabilized by Si element, which promoted the phase transformation of σ→ϱ+λ2 in the fusion zone of the third pass welds. It was found that the σ phase was a Fe−Cr−Si intermetallic compound found in
the fusion zone of the third pass welds during multi-pass welding. 相似文献
997.
Marielle Montginoul 《Water Resources Management》2007,21(5):861-871
This paper presents the results of a 2003 national survey of urban water pricing structure implemented by 429 district level
water utilities. After providing some background elements on the diversity of existing water pricing structures, the paper
shows how each structure can be used to achieve different management objectives (water allocation efficiency, costs recovery,
and equity). It then describes the structures adopted by French water utilities, showing that flat rate are rarely adopted;
declining blocks frequently used; and increasing blocks pricing which should be used to promote water use efficiency remain
extremely rare. A statistical clustering is then conducted and a typology of situations elaborated. The paper concludes with
highlighting that current pricing structures are influenced by past practices and that the dominant objective of water utilities
is to cover costs. 相似文献
998.
Bong-Un Lee Hwa-Suk Oh Ja-Young Kang 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》2007,21(3):436-447
The geometric singularity problem is one of principal difficulty when using single-gimbal control moment gyros as spacecraft
attitude control devices. To overcome singularity, new steering logics are suggested in this paper which results in a reduction
in the difficulty of generating gimbal rates around a singular state. One of the suggested steering laws presented is the
reduced dimensional singular value decomposition steering law, which adopts the singular value decomposition in reduced dimensional
forms. Two other steering laws make use of the least square method in reduced dimensional forms. All of the suggested steering
laws have been generated for the compensation of the torque insufficiency. These logics are verified mathematically and simulations
at a singular condition and non-singular condition are performed to see how well they work. 相似文献
999.
Xia Haihong Zhao Zhixiang Li Jigen Shi Yongqian Han Yinlu Zhu Shengyun Xu Yongli Guan Xialing Cui Baoqun Fu Shinian 《Frontiers of Energy and Power Engineering in China》2007,1(2):135-140
The conceptual study on the accelerator driven system (ADS) that lasted for about five years ended in 1999 in China. As one
project of the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) in the energy domain, which is sponsored by the China
Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), a five-year-program of fundamental research of ADS physics and related technology
was launched in 2000 and passed national review at the end of 2005. The China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE), the Institute
of High Energy Physics (IHEP), the Institute of Heavy Ion Physics in Peking University (PKU-IHIP) and other institutions jointly
carried out the research. The research activities were focused on HPPA physics and technology, reactor physics of external
source driven sub-critical assembly, nuclear data base and material study. For HPPA, a high current injector consisting of
an ECR ion source, LEBT and an RFQ accelerating structure of 3.5 MeV was built. In reactor physics study, a series of neutron
multiplication experimental study has been carried out and still being done. The VENUS facility has been constructed as the
basic experimental platform for neutronics study in ADS blanket. It’s a zero power sub-critical neutron multiplying assembly
driven by external neutron produced by a pulsed neutron generator. The theoretical, experimental and simulation study on nuclear
data, material properties and nuclear fuel circulation related to ADS is carrying on to provide the database for ADS system
analysis. The main results on ADS related researches will be reported. 相似文献
1000.
The influence of nitrogen on the diffusion barrier properties of amorphous Ni---W films was studied. Nitrogen was introduced into the amorphous Ni---W film by co-sputtering nickel and tungsten in a premixed gas mixture of 90% Ar and 10% N2, resulting in the formation of amorphous Ni30N21W49 film. X-ray analysis indicates a detectable crystallization of the amorphous film after 30 min annealing in vacuum at 600°C, accompanied by the formation of W2N, but backscattering spectrometry (BS) reveals a reaction with silicon only at about 725°C. The Schottky barrier height of this amorphous film on n-Si is stable for 30 min annealing up to at least 550°C. With an aluminum overlayer, BS indicates that an amorphous Ni30N21W49 film effectively prevents the metallurgical interaction between aluminum and silicon for 30 min up to 600°C. The Schottky barrier height of that contact configuration is also stable up to at least 550°C, suggesting that amorphous Ni---N---W films have attractive features as diffusion barriers. 相似文献