Synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotube-tungsten carbide composites by the reduction and carbonization process

Multi-walled carbon nanotube-tungsten carbide composites were prepared by the reduction and carbonization process using multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and WO₃ precursor by molecular level mixing and calcination. The pre-prepared MWCNT-tungsten carbide composites were characterized by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. Furthermore, the crystal phase was identified by X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the one-dimensional (1D) nanostructure of the MWCNTs was destroyed by the direct carbonization reaction between the MWCNTs and the WO₃ precursor without an additional carbon source. Moreover, pure MWCNT-tungsten carbide composites were difficult to obtain. With the additional carbon source CH₄, pure MWCNT-tungsten carbide composites were prepared, and the 1D nanostructure of the MWCNTs was retained.     

Research on rare earth and iron-rich diamond-enhanced tungsten carbide composite button

At the present time in china, the binder used in tungsten carbide composite button is mainly cobalt, which is very expensive. In order to solve the problems, a new type of rare earth and iron-rich diamond-enhanced tungsten carbide with high abrasive resistance and high toughness against impact, which realizes to substitute ferrum for cobalt, has been developed. The key problems in making the button are to improve the mechanical properties of matrix and increase the welding strength between the diamond and the matrix. All these problems have been solved effectively by low temperature activation hot-press sintering, doping rare earth lanthanum in matrix and high sintering pressure. The properties of the button have been determined under laboratory conditions. The test results show that its hardness is more than 90 HRA, its abrasive resistance is 39 times more than that of conventional cemented tungsten carbide, and its toughness against impact is more than 200 J. All these data show the button has very good mechanical properties.     

Sintering and electrical properties of Ce<Subscript>0.8</Subscript>Sm<Subscript>0.2</Subscript>O<Subscript>1.9</Subscript> film prepared by spray pyrolysis and tape casting

Ce_0.8Sm_0.2O_1.9 (SDC) powder was synthesized by spray pyrolysis at 650 °C. XRD results showed that phase-pure SDC powder with an average crystallite size of 11 nm was synthesized. SDC electrolyte film was prepared by tape casting and sintered at different temperatures of 1,300, 1,400 and 1,500 °C for 2 h, respectively. The SDC electrolyte film was relatively denser and showed finer microstructure at relatively lower temperature of 1,400 °C, which might be due to the high sintering activity of the spray pyrolysis SDC powder. The ionic conductivity of the SDC electrolyte film sintered at 1,400 °C reached a maximum value of 9.5 × 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ (tested at 600 °C) with an activation energy for conduction of 0.90 eV.     

PHASE TRANSFORMATION OF ZrO_2-8%Y_2O_3 DURING ANNEALING AT HIGH TEMPERATURE

In this study,coatings of zirconia alloyed with8wt% yttria were prepared by plasma spraying.A comprehensivesequence of annealing experiments comprising time from 1 to 100hours at temperatures between 1100 and 1500℃ were carried out.It is shown that the T′phase in coatings decomposes into low yttriatetragonal phase(T_1′)and high yttria tetragonal phase(T_2′)following high temperature annealing.The content of YO_(1.5)in T_1′decreases with the increasement of annealing time.Both T_1′andT_2′phases are also “non-transformable”tetragonal phases.Andfurther annealing causes a cubic phase (C) to precipitate fromT_2′.The increasement of C phase is accompanied by the decrease-ment of T_2′phase.The probable mechanism of T′→T_1′ T_2′phase transformation is of spinodal decomposition and that of T_2′→C is of precipitation.     

Research on Ultrafine WC-10Co Cemented Carbide with High Propertie

1 IntroductionMaterials scientists overthe world have been workingto seek for materials with both high hardness and hightoughness. The ultrafine grained WC-Co (cobalt-bondedtungsten carbide) is one of ideal materialstill now.Nano-crystalline WC-Co cemented carbides have both highhardness and hightoughness[1-8].Submicron hardmetals are used as wear parts ,circu-lar shearing and cutting blades , magnetic video tapes ,chipless formingtools ,dental tools and others .The per-formances of these t…     

用流态化工艺制备WC—Co粉末

用偏钨酸铵和硝酸钴原料喷雾干燥制成ＣｏＷＯ４／ＷＯ３复合粉末,用流态化反应炉使之在Ｈ２和ＣＨ４／Ｈ２气相中连续还原碳化成ＷＣ－Ｃｏ粉末,着重研究了不同还原碳化工艺及其产物的形成机理。测试结果表明,所制ＣｏＷＯ４／ＷＯ３复合粉末呈均匀球形的非晶和微晶混合态,ＷＣ－Ｃｏ粉末的晶粒细小均匀、相纯度高,适于制备超细晶粒的ＷＣ－Ｃｏ硬质合金。     

超细碳化钨粉末特性对金刚石锯片刀头显微结构的影响

采用超细WC粉末和工业级的Sn、Ni、Co、Cu粉末以及金刚石为原料，经真空烧结后制备成金刚石锯片刀头。用扫描电镜（SEM）观察了WC粉末和合金的形貌，用能量散射谱（EDS）测试了合金的微区成分分布。研究结果表明，超细WC粉末的添加能改善Sn-Ni-Co-Cu结合金刚石锯片刀头的显微结构，超细WC含量的增加有利于材料晶粒的细化和强度提高，Cu是烧结中产生液相和使成分偏析的重要影响因素，Co对晶粒异常生长影响很大，Sn的添加有利于晶粒的细化。     

Study on the diamond/ultrafine WC-Co cermets interface formed in a SPS consolidated composite

Nanocrystalline WC-Co composite powder and coated tungsten diamond by using vacuum vapor deposition were consolidated by the spark plasma sintering （SPS） process to prepare diamond-enhanced WC-Co cemented carbide composite materials. The interface microstructures between coated tungsten diamond and WC-Co cemented carbide matrix were investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDXS）. The results showed that there is a transitional layer between the diamond and the matrix, in which the carbon content is 62.97wt.%, and the content of cobalt in the transitional zone is 6.19wt.%; the content of cobalt in the WC-Co cemented carbide matrix is 6.07wt.%, in which the carbon content is 15.95wt.%, and the content of cobalt on the surface of diamond is 7.30wt.%, in which the carbon content is 80.38wt.%. The transitional zone prevents the carbon atom of the diamond from spreading to the matrix, in which the carbon content does coincide with the theoretical value of the raw nanocomposite powders, and the carbon content forms a graded distribution among the matrix, transitional zone, and the surface of diamond; after the 1280℃ SPS consolidated process the diamond still maintains a very good crystal shape, the coated tungsten on the surface of the diamond improves thermal stability of the diamond and increases the bonding strength of the interface between the diamond and the matrix.     

Al2O3/WC-Co金属陶瓷的制备与性能研究

以亚微米Al2O3粉末和WC-Co粉末为原料,经热压烧结制备了Al2O3/WC-Co金属陶瓷.用XRD、SEM测试了物相组成和显微结构,用VSM测试了磁滞回线.获得了断裂韧性为6.042 MPa-m1/2、洛氏硬度为92.0 HRA的金属陶瓷.     

Synthesis and electrical properties of Ce1−xGdxO2−x/2 (x = 0.05–0.3) solid solutions prepared by a citrate–nitrate combustion method

Ce_1?xGd_xO_2?x/2 (GDC) powders with different Gd³⁺ contents (x = 0.05–0.3) were prepared by a simple citrate–nitrate combustion method. The influence of the Gd³⁺ doping content on the crystal structure and the electrical properties of GDC were examined. Many analysis techniques such as thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption analysis, scanning electron microscopy and AC impedance analysis were employed to characterize the GDC powders. The crystallization of the GDC solid solution occurred below 350 °C. The GDC powders calcined at 800 °C showed a typical cubic fluorite structure. The lattice parameter of GDC exhibited a linear relationship with the Gd³⁺ content. As compared with that sintered at other temperatures, the GDC pellet that sintered at 1300 °C had a high relative density of 97%, and showed finer microstructure. The conductivity of GDC was firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of the Gd³⁺ content. The sintered GDC sample with the Gd³⁺ content of 0.25 exhibited the highest conductivity of 1.27 × 10^?2 S cm^?1 at 600 °C.