OBSERVATION OF THE FATIGUE FRACTURE SURFACE OF HIGH STRENGTH STEELS

利用扫描电镜对两种高强钢的疲劳断口进行了观察,并参照裂纹扩展速率曲线(log da/dN-log△K)进行了分析,其结果如下: (1)在对应低速率区的断口表面存在三个特征形貌区,这表明在该区的裂纹扩展过程具有三个阶段:裂纹形成,微裂纹扩展,和一个受沿晶开裂机制和穿晶疲劳条纹生长机制所控制的过渡阶段. (2)在中速率区,疲劳裂纹扩展的发生主要是受疲劳条纹生长机制作用.但是,发现疲劳条纹间距S并不与宏观裂纹扩展速率dα/dN相一致. (3)在高速率区,裂纹扩展速率行为是由疲劳条纹生长机制和韧窝机制所控制.有关这两种机制的相互作用和韧窝生长规律都进行了定量研究.     

Investigation of the grain coarsening behavior of some Aluminum alloys

Grain coarsening tests were carried out on Al-4.5 pct Cu and Al-4.5 pct Si alloys. The effects of three variables, melt composition, pour temperature, and mold temperature, were determined. It was found that the macrostructure generally coarsened with increased pour and mold temperatures. Coarsening was extreme in the unrefined alloys but was retarded by the active grain refiners like titanium and columbium. The effect of boron was spectacular in suppressing coarsening tendencies. The results of the investigation support the carbide theory of nucleation as opposed to the peritectic theory.     

Microstructure evolution during batch annealing

Design of industrial annealing cycles requires recrystallization and grain growth studies, which are typically carried out under isothermal laboratory condition. The kinetics coefficients of these phase transformations are obtained from such studies, which are subsequently used in designing the industrial nonisothermal cycles using the additivity principles. However, the strong heating rate effects on the grain growth kinetics necessitate such kinetics studies using industrial thermal profiles. In the present work, the hot and cold spot cycles of an industrial batch annealing cycle for AIK grade steel have been simulated in a programmable laboratory furnace. Subsequently, the effect of annealing temperature, soaking time, and heating rate on the microstructural features, such as grain size distribution, grain shape anisotropy, and grain orientation, have been investigated through extensive quantitative microscopy. The implications of these results on the design of industrial batch annealing cycles have been discussed.     

Determination of Active Slip/Twinning Modes in AZ31 Mg Alloy Near Room Temperature

In order to determine the deformation modes in AZ31 magnesium alloy at room temperature, computer simulations of deformation texture development and calculation of formability have been carried out. The simulation results were compared with the measured texture results. Based on agreement between the experiments and simulations the active deformation modes were determined. A Visco Plastic Self Consistent model was employed for the simulation of plastic deformation. Simulations and experiments were performed for different initial textures. The goal of the study was to develop the understanding of deformation texture evolution and its effects on mechanical properties of magnesium, with an ultimate goal of improving room temperature formability of magnesium alloys. This article was presented at Materials Science & Technology 2006, Innovations in Metal Forming symposium held in Cincinnati, OH, October 15-19, 2006.     

Effects of solid solution alloying on creep deformation of aluminum

The effects of solid solution alloying on the creep-rupture properties, deformation characteristics, ductility, and fracture of pure aluminum were studied by means of creep-rupture tests on polished specimens of three alloys each of Al-Cu (0.24, 0.79, and 2.05 pct Cu), Al-Zn (4.93, 9.89, and 19.78 pct Zn), and Al-Mg (0.94, 1.92, and 5.10 pct Mg) at 500°, 700°, and 900°F.     

Microstructure and creep behavior in AE42 magnesium die-casting alloy

The micro structural analysis of die-cast AE42 reveals a correlation between micro structure and creep strength. A lamellar-phase Al₁₁RE₃, which dominates the interdendritic microstructure of the alloy, partly decomposes above 150‡C into Al₂RE and Al (forming Mg₁₇Al₁₂). The increased solubility of aluminum in magnesium at higher temperatures may also promote the decomposition of Al₁₁RE₃. The creep strength decreases sharply with these phase changes. A mechanism for the decrease in creep strength of AE42 is proposed whereby the reduced presence of lamellar Al1₁₁RE₃ and/or the presence of Mg₁₇Al₁₂ contribute to the observed poor creep strength at higher temperatures.     

基于高速开关阀控制的液压冲击铲研究

通过对目前液压冲击器的分析，提出了一种高速开关阀控制液压冲击铲的设计，对其结构组成、工作过程和控制特点等加以叙述。由于它可以把各调节变量作为整体加以调整，这样就使得各方面的协调性更强。     

基于MATLAB的手臂康复机器人仿真研究

手臂康复机器人通过牵引患肢按规定轨迹运动,以锻炼肌肉、恢复运动功能,实现手臂康复训练.该机器人采用极坐标形式,由电机驱动各关节协调控制实现手臂的平面运动,该机器人可以在水平面和垂直面进行手臂运动锻炼.建立了基于MATLAB的手臂康复机器人控制模型,基于虚拟现实技术进行了仿真,仿真结果说明系统达到了预期效果.     

Hydrothermal formation of dispersive Mg（OH）2 particles in NaOH solution

The hydrothermal modification of Mg(OH)2 crystals in NaOH solution was investigated. The aggregated Mg(OH)2 particles with irregular shape are converted to regular Mg(OH)2 hexagonal plates after hydrothermal treatment. The prolongation of reaction time from 1-4 h or the increase of temperature from 140℃ to 200℃ can promote the formation of Mg(OH)2 plates with big particle size but small cluster size. The dispersion characteristics of the hydrothermal products are improved owing to the improvement of Mg(OH)2 crystalline degree and the in-crease of I（001)/I（101） ratio. The proper hydrothermal modification condition is as follows: solid content 0. 075 g/mL,NaOH concentration 5.0 mol/L, temperature 200℃ and time 4 h. Thermodynamic analysis indicates that the increase of MgOH^ concentration at elevated temperature or the increase of OH^- concentration in concentrated NaOH solution is favorable for the hydrothermal formation of Mg(OH)2 particles.     

Chromium distribution between liquid iron and molten basic slags

An equilibrium study was made of the distribution of chromium and oxygen between liquid iron, containing less than 1 pct Cr, and simple slags of the CaO(MgO)-SiO₂-FeO-Cr₂O₃ type in the temperature range 1526° to 1734°C The effects of slag oxidation, temperature, and basicity were observed.