微机控制的聚乙烯管道电熔焊机设计

电熔焊接作为一种有效的焊接方法在聚乙烯压力管道系统中得到了广泛的应用。根据电熔焊机的设计要求，初步设计了用80196单片机控制的电熔焊机，通过对此次设计的研究，有利于进一步提高电熔焊机自动化，对我国的聚乙烯压力管道的焊接技术有着重要的实践意义。     

淀粉磷酸盐在覆膜磷化中的应用

利用改性淀粉经糊化、磷酸酯化、复配磷化材料,能够在常温下快速磷化,并同时涂敷一层有机覆膜,能显著近长工序间的防锈时间,并可代替一道磷化底漆,直接用于涂装,具有省工、省时、节能和耐蚀效果优异等优点。     

基于SINTAP标准的海底外输管线安全评定

采用欧共体提出的结构完整性评定方法SINTAP（Structural Integrity Assessment Pmcedure）对海底外输管线API5L X56焊接接头埋藏裂纹进行了安全评定。根据母材和全焊缝拉伸试验结果建立评定曲线；根据BS7448：Part4标准采用多试样方法进行了低温断裂韧性试验，建立了焊缝和HAZ的CTOD-R阻力曲线，从而确定了启裂CTOD值δ0.2。在评定计算中取不同水深的应力最大值，考虑残余应力的影响，针对由DNV OS-F101中规定的最大错位情况，给出了在铺设条件下的容许埋藏裂纹尺寸。为管线铺设工程中的焊接缺陷验收和拒收提供了依据。     

弹性结构形状灵敏度分析的边界元法

本文由形式上统一的弹性力学平面问题、回转体扭转问题和轴对称问题的边界元方程直接求导得到这三类问题的灵敏度分析的边界元方程,解决了奇异积分的计算。平面问题的两个算例表明这一格式简单明了,计算精度高。     

Carbon Nanomaze for Biomolecular Detection with Zeptomolar Sensitivity

Despite numerous efforts, the accurate determination of trace biomolecules with zeptomolar sensitivity remains elusive. Here, a 3D carbon nanomaze (CAM) electrode for the ultrasensitive detection of trace biomolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, and extracellular vesicles is reported. The CAM electrode consists of an interlaced carbon fiber array on which intercrossed graphene sheets are vertically tethered in situ, permitting local confinement of trace molecules to increase molecular hybridization efficiency. Furthermore, a self-assembled DNA tetrahedron array adopts a rigid spatial conformation to guarantee the controllable arrangement of immobilized biological probes, facilitating analytical sensitivity and reproducibility. In a proof-of-concept experiment on detecting microRNA-155, a linearity of 0.1 aM to 100 nM and a sensitivity of 0.023 aM (23 zM) are achieved. With the optimal parameters, the proposed nanoelectrode demonstrates encouraging consistency with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction during clinical sample detection. Through simple functionalization by appending various biomolecular probes of interest, the developed CAM platform with ultrahigh sensitivity can be exploited as a versatile tool in environmental, chemistry, biology, and healthcare fields.     

In-Built Quasi-Solid-State Poly-Ether Electrolytes Enabling Stable Cycling of High-Voltage and Wide-Temperature Li Metal Batteries

Developing solid-state electrolytes with good compatibility for high-voltage cathodes and reliable operation of batteries over a wide-temperature-range are two bottleneck requirements for practical applications of solid-state metal batteries (SSMBs). Here, an in situ quasi solid-state poly-ether electrolyte (SPEE) with a nano-hierarchical design is reported. A solid-eutectic electrolyte is employed on the cathode surface to achieve highly-stable performance in thermodynamic and electrochemical aspects. This performance is mainly due to an improved compatibility in the electrode/electrolyte interface by nano-hierarchical SPEE and a reinforced interface stability, resulting in superb-cyclic stability in Li || Li symmetric batteries ( > 4000 h at 1 mA cm⁻²/1 mAh cm⁻²; > 2000 h at 1 mA cm⁻²/4 mAh cm⁻²), which are the same for Na, K, and Zn batteries. The SPEE enables outstanding cycle-stability for wide-temperature operation (15–100 ° C) and 4 V-above batteries (Li || LiCoO₂ and Li || LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂). The work paves the way for development of practical SSMBs that meet the demands for wide-temperature applicability, high-energy density, long lifespan, and mass production.     

The AIE-Active Dual-Cationic Molecular Engineering: Synergistic Effect of Dark Toxicity and Phototoxicity for Anticancer Therapy

The development of anticancer therapy is significant to human health but remains a huge challenge. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), inducing the synergistic mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer cells is a promising approach but suffer from the low efficiency in hypoxic microenvironment and deep-seated tumors. Herein, to improve the outcomes of PDT for cancer treatment, a series of red fluorophores consisting of dual-cationic triphenylphosphonium-alkylated pyridinium and (substituted) triphenylamine are prepared as organelle-targeting antitumor photosensitizers (PSs) with aggregation-induced emission characteristics. These PSs can selectively accumulate at the mitochondria or lysosomes of cancer cells with both dark- and photo-cytotoxicity, making them possess excellent killing effect on cancer cells and efficient inhibition of tumor growth in living mice. This study brings about new insight into the development of powerful cancer treatment.     

脉冲激光引信烟雾后向散射特性研究

激光引信的探测性能容易受到烟雾的干扰,引起虚警和漏警。为研究脉冲激光引信在烟雾环境中的传输特性,基于Mie散射理论和Monte Carlo方法,建立脉冲激光引信烟雾后向散射模型,仿真905 nm脉冲激光在不同烟雾环境下的回波特性,进行相关试验,对比仿真归一化峰值强度与实测峰值电压,进行相关性分析,验证模型的准确性。分析不同烟雾质量浓度、烟筒长度与距离下脉冲激光引信在烟雾环境中的后向散射特性,得到不同条件对回波的影响规律,研究结果可为脉冲激光引信抗烟雾干扰提供支撑。     

Hybridization of Bimetallic Molybdenum‐Tungsten Carbide with Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon: A Rational Design of Super Active Porous Composite Nanowires with Tailored Electronic Structure for Boosting Hydrogen Evolution Catalysis

An ecofriendly and robust strategy is developed to construct a self‐supported monolithic electrode composed of N‐doped carbon hybridized with bimetallic molybdenum‐tungsten carbide (Mo_xW_2?xC) to form composite nanowires for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The hybridization of Mo_xW_2?xC with N‐doped carbon enables effective regulation of the electrocatalytic performance of the composite nanowires, endowing abundant accessible active sites derived from N‐doping and Mo_xW_2?xC incorporation, outstanding conductivity resulting from the N‐doped carbon matrix, and appropriate positioning of the d‐band center with a thermodynamically favorable hydrogen adsorption free energy (ΔG_H*) for efficient hydrogen evolution catalysis, which forms a binder‐free 3D self‐supported monolithic electrode with accessible nanopores, desirable chemical compositions and stable composite structure. By modulating the Mo/W ratio, the optimal Mo_1.33W_0.67C @ NC nanowires on carbon cloth achieve a low overpotential (at a geometric current density of 10 mA cm^?2) of 115 and 108 mV and a small Tafel slope of 58.5 and 55.4 mV dec^?1 in acidic and alkaline environments, respectively, which can maintain 40 h of stable performance, outperforming most of the reported metal‐carbide‐based HER electrocatalysts.     

Spherical Gaussian-based Lightcuts for Glossy Interreflections

It is still challenging to render directional but non-specular reflections in complex scenes. The SG-based (Spherical Gaussian) many-light framework provides a scalable solution but still requires a large number of glossy virtual lights to avoid spikes as well as reduce clamping errors. Directly gathering contributions from these glossy virtual lights to each pixel in a pairwise way is very inefficient. In this paper, we propose an adaptive algorithm with tighter error bounds to efficiently compute glossy interreflections from glossy virtual lights. This approach is an extension of the Lightcuts that builds hierarchies on both lights and pixels with new error bounds and new GPU-based traversal methods between light and pixel hierarchies. Results demonstrate that our method is able to faithfully and efficiently compute glossy interreflections in scenes with highly glossy and spatial varying reflectance. Compared with the conventional Lightcuts method, our approach generates lightcuts with only one-fourth to one-fifth light nodes therefore exhibits better scalability. Additionally, after being implemented on GPU, our algorithms achieve a magnitude of faster performance than the previous method.