TEMPERATURE INFERENCE SYSTEM BY ROUGH-NEURO-FUZZY NETWORK

Rough set theory, suggested by Pawlak in 1982, has been useful in AI, machine learning, knowledge acquisition, knowledge discovery from databases, expert systems, inductive reasoning, etc. One of the main advantages of rough sets is that they do not need any preliminary or additional information about data and are capable to reduce superfluous information. However, their significant disadvantage in real applications is that inferences are not real values but disjoint intervals of real values. In order to overcome this difficulty, we propose a new approach in which rough set theory and neuro-fuzzy fusion are combined to obtain the optimal rule base from input/output data. These results are applied to the rule construction for inferring the temperature at specified points in a refrigerator.     

Effect of Wnt3a on Keratinocytes Utilizing in Vitro and Bioinformatics Analysis

Wingless-type (Wnt) signaling proteins participate in various cell developmental processes. A suppressive role of Wnt5a on keratinocyte growth has already been observed. However, the role of other Wnt proteins in proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes remains unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of the Wnt ligand, Wnt3a, on proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes. Keratinocytes from normal human skin were cultured and treated with recombinant Wnt3a alone or in combination with the inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Furthermore, using bioinformatics, we analyzed the biochemical parameters, molecular evolution, and protein–protein interaction network for the Wnt family. Application of recombinant Wnt3a showed an anti-proliferative effect on keratinocytes in a dose-dependent manner. After treatment with TNFα, Wnt3a still demonstrated an anti-proliferative effect on human keratinocytes. Exogenous treatment of Wnt3a was unable to alter mRNA expression of differentiation markers of keratinocytes, whereas an altered expression was observed in TNFα-stimulated keratinocytes. In silico phylogenetic, biochemical, and protein–protein interaction analysis showed several close relationships among the family members of the Wnt family. Moreover, a close phylogenetic and biochemical similarity was observed between Wnt3a and Wnt5a. Finally, we proposed a hypothetical mechanism to illustrate how the Wnt3a protein may inhibit the process of proliferation in keratinocytes, which would be useful for future researchers.     

Co-sedimentation of TiO2 nanoparticles and polymer beads to fabricate macroporous TiO2 photoelectrodes

Dye-sensitized solar cells based on highly porous nanocrystalline TiO2 films have drawn considerable attention due to their high conversion efficiency and low production cost. TiO2 nanocrystalline electrodes have been investigated extensively as a key material. In this study, we discuss dye-sensitized solar cells based on macroporous TiO2 films using a highly-dispersed aqueous solution of TiO2 nanoparticles and polymeric particles. After drying this solution on the conducting glass substrate, the sacrificial polymer particles were removed selectively by thermal sintering at high temperatures over 400 degrees C or chemical treatment at the low temperature of 150 degrees C. This method provides the flexible control of TiO2 fractions or pore size or fabrication temperature. Also highly-dispersed TiO2 particles with a high crystallinity would provide a promising solution on low-temperature process for flexible DSSCs.     

A Fast Formation Flocking Scheme for a Group of Interactive Distributed Mobile Nodes in Autonomous Networks

Ubi-Com promises to provide a diversity of services at anytime and anyplace. The mobile nodes are envisioned to cooperate freely and move on a plane with the help of the efficient control and distributed coordination strategies. To achieve this goal, mobile nodes group communications in Ubi-Com is becoming increasing important and challenging. In this paper, we focus on the formation flocking in a group of autonomous mobile nodes. In the scenario, there are two kinds of nodes: the leader node and the follower nodes. The follower nodes are required to follow the leader node wherever it goes (following), while keeping a particular formation they are given in input (flocking). A novel scheme is proposed on the basis of the relative motion theory. Extensive theoretical analysis and simulation results have demonstrated that this scheme provides the follower nodes an efficient and timely method to follow the leader with the shortest path and the shortest time. In addition, the reported scheme is scalable in the sense that the processing load in each node is not increasing with more nodes in a group.     

Material properties of friction stir spot welded joints of dissimilar aluminum alloys

Mechanical properties and material mixing patterns of friction stir spot welded (FSSW) joints of dissimilar aluminum alloys were investigated.Two aluminum alloys typically used in automotive applications,5052-H32 and 6061-T6,were selected.During the experiment,the process parameters including the z-axis force and torque histories were measured as a function of the tool displacement.The mechanical properties were investigated by microhardness measurements of the joint,and the material mixing in the stir zone was investigated by EPMA.The experimental results illustrate different process parameter histories,material mixing in the stir zone and material properties including microhardness distributions for FSSW joints of dissimilar aluminum alloys,likely due to different mechanical behaviors of the selected aluminum alloys in the FSSW process temperature range.     

Assessment of Suspended Solid Removal in a Surface Flow Constructed Wetland Using a Three-Dimensional Numerical Model

Surface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs) have been widely used to treat various types of wastewater and stormwater due to the advantages such as low costs for operating and maintenance compared with conventional treatment systems. In SFCW, the flow pattern, which is determined by the geometric features including bed morphology and vegetation distribution, significantly influences the removal processes of suspended solids and other pollutants. In this study, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model, that integrates hydrodynamic model and the Lagrangian particle tracking model, is applied to determine the effectiveness of a SFCW in removing suspended solids based on the predicted flow characteristics and distribution of suspended solids in the wetland. After the validation, the three-dimensional numerical model is applied to illustrate the three-dimensional internal flow pattern in the wetland. The predicted concentrations of suspended solids at several cross-sections in downstream direction are compared with the field sampling data and also the results from a traditional first-order decay model. The results show that the 3D model performs reasonably well predicting complex flow fields associated with complex wetland geometry. This study indicates that the 3D model is an effective tool to support the management and operation of field SFCWs. Also, it can help to improve the design of SFCWs providing better understanding of interactions among the geometric features, the flow characteristics and the contaminants behaviors.     

FSH scheme for high-speed handover and anti-MITM on mobile computing

As an IEEE 802.11-based mobile computing system has been established as the base structure of high-speed wireless network, interest in mobility and security of mobile terminal has increased. To reinforce security, 802.1x and 802.11i using EAP were used in standardized instrument. But it was found to be unsuitable for real time multimedia service because of the time delay. In this paper, we suggest Fast and Secure Handover (FSH) scheme which minimizes time delay in handover authentication process and prevents MITM (Man in the Middle) attack. This scheme carries out re-association process which is necessary for high-speed handover using Inter Access Point Protocol (IAPP) and Old_MSK. To make existing 802.1x-based user certification procedure suitable for high-speed handover, the terminal and pre-handover-accessed Old_AP make Rough_AP to prevent MITM. To do this, Old_AP uses the Old_MSK-used encrypted method which was used to encrypt MAC information of the mobile terminal and Old_AP. Hereby, FSH has been developed to become high-speed handover which has the 802.1x-supported security level and the skill of preventing MITM. In this paper, by simulation (NS-2), we confirmed the superiority in streaming service such as decreased handover time delay and VoIP.     

AC loss measurements of twisted and untwisted BSCCO multifilamentary tapes

AC losses in twisted and untwisted BSCCO multifilamentary superconducting tapes with Ag matrix developed in DAPAS program were measured by an electrical method. Magnetization and transport losses were measured by a pick-up coil and by a voltage taps. Total AC loss during simultaneous application of AC transport current and an AC transverse magnetic field was given by the sum of the magnetization and transport losses measured during this simultaneous application. The magnetization loss without transport current of untwisted and twisted tapes was measured first to evaluate the effect of twisting to decouple filaments. Then, the total AC loss of the twisted tape was measured in transverse magnetic fields with various amplitudes and orientations, while the amplitude of the transport current was fixed. The measured total AC loss in a parallel transverse magnetic field was compared with some theoretical models to study the detailed characteristics of the measured total AC loss of the sample.     

热处理对C／C复合材料Mo-Si-N系涂层抗氧化性能的影响

以Mo粉和Si粉为原料，采用熔浆法在氮气环境中制备了C／C复合材料的Mo．Si—N系抗氧化涂层，并对涂层1400℃预氧化热处理前后的组织结构和氧化行为进行了研究。结果表明，Mo．Si—N涂层除具有与Mo．Si系涂层相同的SiC底层和MoSi2／Si主结构层外，还形成了厚度不均匀的Si3N4／SiC／Si表面层。Mo-Si—N系涂层具有1400℃稳定抗氧化能力和1450℃长时间氧化防护潜力；经1400℃预氧化热处理后，涂层的最高抗氧化温度达到了1500℃，氧化12小时后重量损失率小于1wt％。     

Constitutional Design and Dielectric Properties of BST Graded Ceramics

The effect of B203 dopant and SrTiO3 (ST) content on lattice parameters and ferro-paraelectric phase transition temperature (i.e. Curie point) of Ba1-xSrxTiO3 (BST, x=0～0.4) ceramics was investigated, and then BST graded ceramics with controllable transition temperature zone were fabricated and characterized for their dielectric properties. The results show that with the increase of ST content, c/a ratio and Curie point of both doped and undoped ceramics decreased linearly but with different rate of change, resulting from different ionic radiuses of Ba^2 , Sr^2 and B^3 . Moreover, both c/a ratio and Curie point of doped BST increased slightly in comparison with that of undoped ones while the Curie point changed scarcely with dopant amount rising, which perhaps means that for BST grains with different ST content, B2O3 solubility was different but limited and most of boron (B) did not incorporate into BST grains. Through controlling composition,transition temperature of graded ceramics can be designed. For doped graded ceramics sintered at 1250℃, its dielectric properties was much better than that of undoped one sintered at 1400℃, and Curie peak of both samples was broadened effectively via graded structure.