铅银渣混配铅精矿直接还原熔炼成渣特性及动力学解析

利用铅火法熔炼资源化消纳铅银渣等含铅固废已成为大势所趋。然而,由于原料结构明显差异导致常规高铅渣直接还原控制理论并不适用于混配铅银渣的反应过程。为此,本文在原料赋存状态及热力学分析基础上,结合还原实验对资源化消纳铅银渣的直接还原过程成渣特性及反应动力学规律进行了研究。结果表明,还原初期及还原后期( >30 min )均受界面反应控制,还原20~30min内受外扩散控制,可通过增大反应界面及降低黏度来强化还原反应效率。随还原过程进行,渣中含铅相不断减少,锌黄长石相和铁锌尖晶石不断增加,硅酸盐结构由简单SiO44-^变为Si2O74-^,还原渣熔化温度及黏度均有所增加;控制终渣FeO/SiO2=1.6,CaO/SiO2=0.6,ZnO≤20 wt.%,可满足还原熔炼生产要求。     

Metal oxide mesocrystals and mesoporous single crystals: synthesis,properties and applications in solar energy conversion

Metal oxide mesocrystals (MCs) and mesoporous single crystals (MSCs) exhibit superior carrier transport ability,high specific surface area,shortened photo-carrier diffusion lengths to interfaces and enhanced absorbance of the incident sunlight.These advanced features make metal oxide MCs and MSCs be a promising candidate material in photocatalysis,photoelectrocatalysis,dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs).Recently,remarkable advances of applying metal oxide MCs and MSCs in these areas have been achieved.Therefore,it is extremely important to deeply understand the influence of the unique properties of metal oxide MCs and MSCs on solar energy conversion systems.Herein,we presented a brief introduction on the synthesis and carrier transfer behavior of metal oxide MCs and MSCs.Then,the rational structure design and modification of metal oxide MCs and MSCs for photocatalysis,photoelectrocatalysis,DSSCs and PSCs are systematically discussed.Finally,the perspectives on extending the application of metal oxide MCs and MSCs are addressed.     

场强化——微波、超声波技术在固相多肽合成中的应用

综述了两种场强化技术——微波和超声波在固相多肽合成中的研究进展,重点介绍了它们的作用机理、在强化多肽合成中的应用及反应器设计进展情况。     

基于图像序列的三维人体建模方法研究

通过立体视觉测量法对人台模型上的特征点进行二维测量,再根据双目视觉原理对测得的二维数据进行三维转换,然后通过插值算法获得更多的数据,使人体表面的数据信息相对来说更加光滑。然后结合个性化人体的正、侧面图像,对比转换成个性化人体的三维数据信息,从而建立个性化三维人体模型。结果表明:这种方法能够方便、快速建立所需要的人体模型,并且所建立的模型也比较接近于真实人体的图像。     

Experiments and insights of desalination by a freezing/thawing method at low subcooling

Desalination by freezing/thawing method was a very important method to obtain fresh water from sea water. In this work, desalination by freezing/thawing method was conducted with initial sodium chloride of 3.5 wt% in consideration of stirring speed, freezing time and subcooling. The subcooling ranged from 1.2 K to 4 K. The optimum conditions for desalination in this work were stirring speed of 200 r·min^-1, freezing time of 120 min, and subcooling of 3 K. The results also showed that sodium chloride cannot be effectively removed by once freezing/thawing process. The maximum removal efficiency of sodium chloride was 64.3%. Two major reasons resulting in the impurity of obtained melted water by freezing/thawing method were proposed. The first reason was the inevitable adhesion of salt solution to the surface of ice, which could be removed easily by distilled water flushing. The second reason was that salt solution was heterogeneously wrapped in the accumulated ice, which was difficult to be removed by distilled water flushing. The liquid flushing method was proposed to verify the conjecture, and the results were in accordance with the two reasons mentioned above. Additional method, such as multiple flushing liquid method, was suggested to be used during the freezing/thawing process for effectively removing sodium chloride, and obtaining fresh water.     

Determination of chlorine ions in raw milk by pulsed amperometric detection in a flow injection system

Chloride ion concentration in milk was determined by pulsed amperometric detection in a flow injection system. Results showed that the Au electrode lost 3 electrons at 1.10 V and formed chloroaurate ions (AuCl₄^?) by combining with chloride ions, after which AuCl₄^? was partly reduced to Au at 0.6 V. Based on the electrochemical process, a triple waveform with detection potential of 1.15 V, detection time of 150 ms, oxidation potential of 1.4 V, oxidation time of 550 ms, reduction potential of 0 V, and reduction time of 400 ms was applied to the Au electrode for detecting chloride ion concentration in milk. The approach is rapid and automatic and features a detection limit of 0.005 g/L. The relative standard deviation obtained by 60 repetitive injections reached 1.48% at 2 g/L of NaCl. The method developed using the Au electrode without modification was used to analyze the chloride ion concentration in raw milk without preprocessing. The method showed good agreement with potentiometric titration.     

食品中大肠杆菌0157: H7的几种检测方法的比较

目的 评估平板分离培养法、免疫磁珠分离(IMS)法、VIDAS全自动酶标免疫测试系统、BAX全自动病原菌检测系统及环介导等温扩增(LAMP)技术在食品中检验肠出血型大肠埃希菌0157:H7的特异性、敏感性.方法 使用平板分离培养法、免疫磁珠分离法、VIDAS法、BAX法及LAMP法对人工制备的染菌猪肉样本进行检测,并对这几种方法进行比较.结果 BAX法和LAMP法的检出率最高,分别是89.1％和85.9％,免疫磁珠法和VIDAS法检出率次之,分别是75.0％和78.1％,传统分离培养法为43.8％.结论 BAX法和LAMP法具有快速、高效、特异性好、敏感性高的特点,可快速筛选食品中可能存在的肠出血型大肠埃希菌0157∶H7.     

Effect of Slurry Ice on the Functional Properties of Proteins Related to Quality Loss during Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) Chilled Storage

The effect of slurry ice on the quality of Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) during chilling storage was investigated and compared to flake ice. Slurry ice‐treated samples showed significantly higher springiness and chewiness variables than the blank and flake ice‐treated samples (P < 0.05). The growth of microorganisms in tuna muscle treated with slurry ice was also down significantly (P < 0.05), and the total aerobic counts didn't reach higher scores than 5.0 log CFU/g during the whole chilling storage. Additionally, the myofibrillar protein, Ca²⁺‐ATPase activity, and total sulfydryl (SH) content in muscle treated with slurry ice were all significantly higher than the blank and flake‐iced samples (P < 0.05). This was probably due to the faster cooling, subzero final‐temperature, and larger heat exchange derived from slurry ice. Standard error of mean and sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis results also confirmed that slurry ice treatment could effectively retard the degradation of myofibrillar proteins and showed a positive effect on the stability of tissue structures.     

物流园区的城市设计研究——两湖平原农产品交易物流中心方案设计

该文通过对两湖平原农产品交易物流中心方案设计创作过程的深入细致阐述,指出了城市设计思想在现代物流园区设计中的重要性,并结合规划、建筑、景观方案的论述探寻了物流园区的城市设计方法.     

华侨与粤中近代骑楼圩、镇建设

粤中华侨通过参与官方推行的城镇改造,以及自发建埠、华侨宗族进行圩市建设等方式,不仅推动了近代的城市改良,也推动了传统乡土社会的城市化进程,使得"骑楼"这种独特的建筑形式类型逐步纳入到城市乃至广阔的乡土社会,成为某一特定历史时期广东近代市政建设的主导街道空间形式.