水域污染治理的思路探讨

分析了目前污水处理情况，提出了治理水域污染的新思路：内外源污染一起抓。既要抓外源污染，通过改变机制，做好生活、工业污水处理，使其达标排放，同时又要抓水域内源污染，清理好“肠道”，才能对一定量的外源污染有消化吸收功能，即才能恢复水域的自净能力，从而确保整个生态平衡的良性循环。     

常压组合反应器中连续合成巯基乙酸工艺

研究了以氯乙酸和硫氢化钠为原料,在常压串联组合反应器中连续合成巯基乙酸工艺.考察了原料物质的量比、反应物浓度、反应时间及反应温度等因素对巯荃乙酸收率的影响.结果表明,在氯乙酸与硫氢化钠物质的量比为1:2.5,溶液氯乙酸质量分率20%,硫氢化钠质量分率15%的条件下.反应物料先在连续操作搅拌釜式反应器中于10℃反应10 ...     

人细小病毒B19感染与早期自然流产关系的探讨

目的探讨人细小病毒B19(HPVB19)感染与早期自然流产的关系。方法用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测52例早期自然流产患者(研究组)和45例无异常人工流产孕妇(对照组)血清中HPVB19-IgM和IgG。结果研究组血中B19V-IgM阳性率为23.08%,而对照组阳性率为6.67%,2组间具有显著性差异(P<0.05);研究组近期HPVB19感染的概率是对照组的4.20倍(95%CI 1.10～15.99)。研究组B19V-IgG阳性率为32.69%,对照组为28.89%,2组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 HPVB19感染可能是导致早期自然流产的原因之一。     

HPV-DNA分型检测联合液基细胞学对宫颈癌筛查的意义及临床价值的研究

目的研究HPV-DNA分型检测联合宫颈液基细胞学检查(TCT)对宫颈癌筛查的意义及临床价值。方法将于我院就诊的564例妇女同时行TCT、PCR荧光检测HPV-DNA和宫颈活检组织学检查,采用膜杂交法检测23个HPV基因型别(低危型:HPV6、11、42、43、45和高危型:HPV16、18、31、33、35、39、45、51、52、53、56、58、59、66、68、73、83、MM4)和液基细胞学(TCT)作为宫颈癌和癌前病变的筛查。比较TCT对宫颈细胞异常的检出率以及TCT检测联合PCR荧光检测HPV-DNA对HPV感染的检出率,以病理学诊断为标准。结果 PCR荧光法检测HPV-DNA总检出率为21.0%,组织学阳性病例检出率70.9%,组织学阴性病例检出率4.5%,均显著高于TCT,呈极其显著性差异,P<0.01。其中单一型HPV感染中,低危型占34%、高危型占60%、二型和二型以上混合感染占6%。结论 HPV基因分型检测是有价值的辅助诊断技术,与细胞学联合,是最佳的宫颈癌筛查的方案,能明显提高诊断的准确性和早发现癌前病变。     

管状橡胶支座径向刚度的非线性有限元分析

针对橡胶的大变形特点,对工程中常用的管状橡胶支座进行非线性有限元分析,得出支座受径向载荷时的刚度与应变大小和支座尺寸的关系。此外,利用方程回归工具得到径向刚度的近似计算模型。     

Application of statistical experimental design for optimization of physiological factors and their influences on production of pullulan by <Emphasis Type=Italic>Aureobasidium pullulans</Emphasis> HP-2001 using an orthogonal array method

Physiological factors for the production of pullulan by A. pullulans HP-2001 were optimized using orthogonal array method and their influences were compared using Qualitek-4 software. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the most important factor for cell growth was yeast extract, whereas that for production of pullulan was glucose. The optimal conditions for cell growth were found to be 100.0 g/L glucose, 10.0 g/L yeast extract, and initial pH of 6.0, whereas those for the production of pullulan were 100.0 g/L glucose, 2.5 g/L yeast extract, and initial pH of 5.5. Among four mineral salts in the medium, potassium phosphate (K₂HPO₄) was found to be the most important factor for cell growth as well as production of pullulan. Next important salt for cell growth was (NH₄)₂SO₄, whereas that for production of pullulan was NaCl. The optimal concentrations of K₂HPO₄, NaCl, MgSO₄·7H₂O, and (NH₄)₂SO₄ for cell growth were 7.5, 1.00, 0.1, and 1.20 g/L, respectively, whereas those for production of pullulan were 2.5, 0.25, 0.8, and 0.30 g/L. The expected cell growth and the production of pullulan by A. pullulans HP-2001 under these optimized conditions were 12.61 and 11.49 g/L, respectively.     

水中苯胺类化合物检测1—萘酚试剂盒的研制

本文提出一种能快速灵敏地检测地面水和污水中苯胺类化合物的试剂盒。该方法是以 N-氯代丁二酰亚胺氧化苯胺 ,在 p H9- 1 1的碱性介质中 〔1〕,以 1 -萘酚偶联显色。显色反应所得的蓝色化合物的最大吸收波长为 61 0 nm,在苯胺浓度为 0 .2～ 8mg/L的浓度范围内符合比尔定律 ,最低检出限为 0 .0 2 mg/L ,测定的重现性在± 5 %以内。该试剂盒用于合成水样和环境水样的分析 ,回收率在 94.9～ 98.2之间。这种试剂盒可以成功地用于合成水样和环境水样的分析     

聚合物—无机纳米复合材料的制备

简介了聚合物－无机纳米复合材料的4种制备方法。展望了聚合物－无机纳米复合材料应用前景。     

赤泥资源化综合利用研究进展

赤泥作为氧化铝工业产生的一种高碱性废渣,其巨大的产生量、存量和污染性多年来对环境产生了极大的影响;总结认为赤泥富含多种金属元素,丰富的硅酸盐组分,具有良好的力学性能,是赤泥能被广泛利用的原因,目前资源化利用成为赤泥回收的一条重要途径.通过分类阐述近年来国内外赤泥领域的研究进展,系统梳理了赤泥资源化利用过程中存在的问题和不足,为今后学者在相关研究提供参考.     

Removal of Cu2+ from Water Using Liquid-Liquid Microchannel Extraction

The very good extraction selectivity of Cu²⁺ from water was demonstrated with a new microchannel equipment, by employing di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as an extractant and kerosene as a solvent. The effects of different experimental parameters on the extraction efficiency E, the volumetric mass transfer coefficient K_La, and the entrainment were experimentally investigated. The results showed that the extraction efficiency increased with increasing temperature, extractant concentration, phase ratio (organic/aqueous), and pH. The total flow rate, phase ratio, and pH were found to have a great effect on the mass transfer, whereas the temperature and the extractant concentration showed little effect.