局部表面改性紫铜方柱阵列池沸腾传热特性和机理

以局部表面改性的紫铜直方柱和梯度方柱阵列为研究对象，实验研究了表面润湿性、表面形貌和表面活性剂对池沸腾换热性能和气泡生长特性的影响。实验工质为去离子水，浓度分别为100、200、400、800 mg·L^-1的异丙醇溶液和正庚醇溶液。实验结果表明：方柱阵列表面镀银之后润湿性变差，表面产生的气泡数量减少。向去离子水中添加异丙醇或正庚醇后，在热通量为66.1～202 kW·m^-2时，气泡脱离直径变小、数目减少，而当热通量增至413 kW·m^-2时，活性剂能够有效阻碍气泡合并，故池沸腾传热系数随着浓度增加先减小后增大。上下层宽分别0.5 mm和1 mm、间距为2 mm的梯度方柱阵列结构有助于气泡的合并，但由于促进了固体表面气膜的形成，从而降低了沸腾换热性能。     

Unsteady temperature fields of monoliths in catalytic converters

This paper measured unsteady temperature fields of uncoated-monolith and catalytic monolith under real engine operating conditions using thermocouples. A multi-dimensional flow model of the turbulence, heat and mass transfer, and chemical reactions in monoliths was established and numerically solved in the whole flow field of the catalytic converter. The purpose of this paper is to study unsteady warm-up characteristics of the monoliths and to investigate effects of inlet cone structure on temperature distribution of the catalytic converter. Experimental results show that the warm-up behaviors between uncoated-monolith and catalytic monolith are quite different. Simulation results indicate that the established model can qualitatively predict the warm-up characteristics. Increasing the inlet cone angle can improve the light-off characteristics of the catalysts due to high flow velocity and high temperature in the center of the monoliths.     

Intercalation of methylene blue in n-alkanethiolated self-assembled monolayers: Versatile electrochemical platforms for characterizing surfactant adsorption on hydrophobic surfaces

A versatile electrochemical platform for characterizing the adsorption of neutral and positively charged surfactants on hydrophobic surfaces was established using methylene blue (MB) as the probe. As a rigid, planar and electroactive species, MB can intercalate inside the regular self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of n-hexanethiol and exhibit well-defined electrochemical responses. The adsorption of surfactants on the hydrophobic SAMs through the intercalation interaction between the hydrophobic tails of surfactants and the SAMs might change the density of the SAMs and influence the electrochemical behaviors of MB, providing a simple but effective approach for characterizing surfactant adsorption on hydrophobic surfaces. As an example, the adsorptive behaviors of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), a positively charged surfactant, and Triton X-100, a neutral surfactant, on hydrophobic surfaces were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results showed that these surfactants generally experienced three different adsorptive behaviors: the monomer adsorption at low concentrations, the loose monolayer adsorption at intermediate concentrations and the dense monolayer adsorption at high concentrations. In the case of CTAB, a new additional submonolayer adsorptive behavior between the monomer and the loose monolayer adsorption was observed for the first time, due to its rather long hydrophobic tail.     

灌注法压井液替换溢流气体过程理论计算

介绍灌注法压井原则;分析灌注法压井中注入压井液顶替环空内溢流气体的过程;推导出一次注入压井液体积的计算公式和释放气体时井口压力最低值的计算公式;用计算机程序模拟灌注法压井过程,绘制压井过程中的套压数据和曲线.     

基于神经网络监督控制的拥塞控制算法研究

提出了一个基于神经网络控制的主动队列管理（AQM）算法;研究了TCP/AQM拥塞控制系统的可逆性,并利用一种神经网络监督控制结构进行了AQM算法的设计。算法由一个三层前馈结构的神经网络控制器（neural network controller,NNC）和一个反馈控制器（feedback controller,FC）组成。NNC作为一个前馈控制器,通过FC产生的教师信号进行学习,以建立被控对象的逆动力学模型。仿真结果表明,提出的算法与PI（proportional-integral）算法相比,无论在瞬态性能     

新型醋酸乙烯聚合引发剂的研究

采用新型引发剂过氧化二月桂酰对醋酸乙烯聚合进行研究,通过研究它在聚合过程中的分解速率常数、半衰期等性能,得出过氧化二月桂酰的分解速率常数大,半衰期与偶氮二异丁腈相似,并且产物不含有毒物质,因此它的应用范围可以更加广泛。讨论了引发剂质量、甲醇质量、反应时间对醋酸乙烯转化率和聚合度的影响。建立正交试验得到醋酸乙烯聚合的最佳工艺条件。     

基于J2ME的移动网络泡泡堂游戏设计与仿真

介绍了基于J2ME技术开发的手机泡泡堂游戏框架与文件结构。采用状态机、对象池、多线程、地图绘制等技术,设计了游戏场景、道具与关键代码,重点阐述了手机游戏地图绘制技术和游戏角色的产生与回收,给出了通信消息接口设计与网络连接方法,并进行了服务器仿真运行测试。系统具有较高的可移植性,可在主流手机平台中运行。     

AOS SLS空间链路建立协议的仿真设计

针对AOS SLS空-地通信系统,提出了一种空间链路建立协议,设计提供了协议的关键参数,如空-地数据传输协议的数据单元、链路建立成功概率及同步时隙分配等,最后给出详细的链路建立工作流程,并对协议进行仿真,结果表明该协议能够快速有效地建立链路.     

AOS系统中的帧同步技术性能分析与仿真

为提高高级在轨系统（AOS）中数据传输的可靠性,对AOS帧同步技术进行研究。在分析了帧同步状态转移过程中可能出现的漏检现象与虚警现象的基础上,采用经典Z变换方法,研究了选取不同长度的附加帧同步标记、前方保护时间和后方保护时间对帧同步入锁时间、误锁概率、误锁后最快解锁概率和帧同步保持时间等重要性能参数的影响,并给出了仿真结果。最后给出了不同误码率下AOS帧同步参数选取的建议值,为实际应用提供参考.     

Electric-oxidation extraction of molybdenite concentrate in alkaline NaCl electrolyte

The dissolution of molybdenite concentrate in NaCl electrolyte was investigated. The results show that the dissolution rate increases with the increase in liquid-to-solid ratio, stirring speed, NaCl concentration and temperature. When the liquid-to-solid ratio is 30:1, stirring speed is 400 r/min, concentration of NaCl is 4 mol/L at pH=9 and room temperature, the leaching efficiency of molybdenite concentrate will reach 99.5% in 240 min. Molybdenite concentrate cannot be electro-oxidized directly on the anode. The kinetic studies show that the dissolution of molybdenite concentrate is represented by shrinking core model with diffusion through a porous product layer of element sulfur, and the apparent activation energy for the dissolution reaction is 8.56 kJ/mol.