环境γ辐射剂量率受降水影响规律研究

利用高气压电离室连续测量我国东部某地环境γ辐射剂量率,同时监测降水参数。研究发现:降水引起剂量率升高,最大升幅达38.1%,降水总量最大的夏季升幅最大;剂量率升幅大雨中雨小雨;降水强度越大,降水开始后剂量率升高越快,剂量率最大值出现点比降水强度最大值出现点晚约1h。同一降水强度条件下,剂量率升高幅度,冬季春季秋季夏季,降雪降雨。     

ETFE充气膜结构设计方法及应用

ETFE膜建筑是一类新型的膜建筑结构体系，其设计方法与普通膜结构有着较大区别文章概要介绍ETFE薄膜的物理力学基本特性，ETFE充气膜系统构成，给出ETFE充气膜基本设计过程，重点阐述了其设计分析过程与普通膜的区别，以及其充气找形、载荷分析、裁剪分析的特点根据试验资料，给出ETFE薄膜材料参数及设计确定方法；详细分析充气系统设计和压力控制设计方法，主要工作状态控制设计逻辑，以及管道设计、风机选型、传感器元件、控制系统的注意事项等。     

Mechanisms and Kinetics of Liquid Silicon Oxidation During Industrial Refining

During oxidative ladle refining (OLR) of silicon, the metal surface is partly oxidized, resulting in the formation of a condensed silica fume (SiO₂). This fugitive emission of silica represents a potential health hazard to the workers in the silicon and ferrosilicon industry. In the current work, industrial measurement campaigns aimed at recording the fume generation during OLR were performed at the Elkem Salten plant in Norway. The measured amounts of silica produced were 2.5–5.1?kg/h, depending on the gas flow rate in the refining process. The rate of silica production correlates with the total flow rate and amount of air in the purge gas, and increases as the flow rate increases. The results of this work suggest that fume generation during OLR primarily results from oxidation of the exposed metal surface, with oxygen transport from the surrounding atmosphere to the metal surface being the limiting factor. Other identified mechanisms of SiO₂ formation were splashing of the metal and/or oxidation of SiO gas carried with the refining purge gas.     

Effects of carbonate on the electrolytic removal of ammonia and urea from urine with thermally prepared IrO<Subscript>2</Subscript> electrodes

Recent studies have shown that electrolysis can be an efficient process for nitrogen removal from urine. These studies have been conducted with urea solutions or fresh urine, but urine collected in NoMix toilets and urinals has a substantially different composition, because bacteria hydrolyse urea quickly to ammonia and carbonate. In this study, we compared electrochemical removal of nitrogen from synthetic solutions of fresh and stored urine using IrO₂ anodes. We could show that in fresh urine both ammonia and urea are efficiently eliminated, mainly through chlorine-mediated oxidation. However, in stored urine the presence of carbonate, arising from urea hydrolysis, leads to an inhibition of ammonia oxidation. We suggest two parallel mechanisms to explain this effect: the competition between chloride and carbonate oxidation at the anode and the competition between chlorate formation, enhanced by the buffering effect of carbonate, and ammonia oxidation for the consumption of active chlorine in the bulk. However, further experiments are needed to support the latter mechanism. In conclusion, this study highlights the negative consequences of the presence of carbonate in urine solutions, but also in other wastewaters, when subjected to an electrolytic treatment on IrO₂ in alkaline media.     

Synthesis, Characterization and Gas Sensing Properties of In（OH）3 and In2O3 Nanorods through Carbon Spheres Template Method

Poly-crystalline In(OH) 3 nanorods have been successfully prepared via a urea-based precipitation using the colloidal carbon spheres as the templates. After calcinations, the resulted In 2 O 3 nanorods with poly-crystalline structure were fabricated. Structure and morphology of the product were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The possible formation process was schemed. The sensor gas properties towards C 2 H 5 OH and CO were examined.     

一种适用于搜索雷达的模拟训练器系统设计

本模拟训练器用于模拟产生适用于搜索雷达的目标视频,生成符合雷达显控台显示要求的目标属性,最大可同时进行99批目标模拟,包括空中、水面、水下目标。同时,还可将模拟产生的目标类型、属性等相关信息通过网络上网,供其它设备按需取用。     

头颈部血管内支架植入术后光学相干层析成像初步观察

【摘要】 目的 采用频域光学相干层析成像（FD- OCT）技术观察头颈部血管内支架植入术后周围组织结构变化。方法 对9例接受头颈部血管内支架植入术治疗3个月后头颈部血管病变患者作全脑DSA造影及病变血管内FD- OCT检查。9例患者12个血管病变处共植入支架13枚，其中颈总动脉4枚，颈内动脉5枚，椎动脉3枚，左锁骨下动脉1枚。FD- OCT观察支架有无断裂及贴壁不良，支架内斑块或血栓形成、组织脱垂，血管内膜撕裂形成夹层或内膜增生至再狭窄等。结果 8例患者成功实施FD- OCT检查，1例失败。11支病变血管12枚支架成功获取清晰FD- OCT图像，观察结果显示，12枚支架中有1枚支架部分支撑杆未能完全封闭动脉壁上瘤口；21个支撑杆贴壁不良；2枚支架内有斑块及血栓形成；6枚支架内有不同程度血管内膜增生，其中1枚支架内严重内膜增生至支架内狭窄作再次支架植入术；3枚支架内有4个不同程度组织脱垂；未发现血管内膜撕裂形成夹层。结论 FD- OCT可清晰显示头颈部血管病变支架植入术后支架内斑块或血栓形成、组织脱垂、血管内膜撕裂或增生及支架贴壁情况，其临床意义有待进一步研究。
     

Simulation based energy-resource efficient manufacturing integrated with in-process virtual management

As energy efficiency is one of the key essentials towards sustainability, the development of an energy-resource efficient manufacturing system is among the great challenges facing the current industry. Meanwhile, the availability of advanced technological innovation has created more complex manufacturing systems that involve a large variety of processes and machines serving different functions. To extend the limited knowledge on energy-efficient scheduling, the research presented in this paper attempts to model the production schedule at an operation process by considering the balance of energy consumption reduction in production, production work flow (productivity) and quality. An innovative systematic approach to manufacturing energy-resource efficiency is proposed with the virtual simulation as a predictive modelling enabler, which provides real-time manufacturing monitoring, virtual displays and decision-makings and consequentially an analytical and multidimensional correlation analysis on interdependent relationships among energy consumption, work flow and quality errors. The regression analysis results demonstrate positive relationships between the work flow and quality errors and the work flow and energy consumption. When production scheduling is controlled through optimization of work flow, quality errors and overall energy consumption, the energy-resource efficiency can be achieved in the production. Together, this proposed multidimensional modelling and analysis approach provides optimal conditions for the production scheduling at the manufacturing system by taking account of production quality, energy consumption and resource efficiency, which can lead to the key competitive advantages and sustainability of the system operations in the industry.     

An ergonomic study of visual optimization by light color managements

Light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have the advantage of controllable light colors and provide the optimal lighting quality against various color attributes required in different environments. However, from the humanized design point of view, beside satisfying physical demands of people, it is also important to achieve satisfaction. With a good match between the LED lighting equipment and ambient colors, the space imagery that complies with psychological needs of human beings can be found. This is expected to become a new market direction for future lighting. In this study, the LED light source feature of adjustable correlated color temperature is used to match wall colors of typical commercial spaces and for the investigation and analysis of the impact of colors of light sources and environments on human beings. The measures of mental and subjective feelings of a group of people under various circumstances have also been investigated. Multivariate analysis of variance has been conducted on three color temperatures of light sources, six wall colors, and measures of five emotion adjectives, and the correlation between these three variables has been further investigated. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 41, 72–84, 2016     

Atomic oxygen resistant phosphorus-containing polyimides for LEO environment

In this study, a series of polyimides had been prepared from bis-(4-aminophenoxyl) phenoxyl phosphine oxide (p-DAPO₄) with corresponding dianhydrides via two-stage polycondensation method. The inherent viscosities of the polyamide acid were in range of 0.43–0.92 dL/g, and atomic oxygen (AO) exposure experiment was conducted in a ground-based atomic oxygen effects simulation facility with the filament charge and bound of magnetic field to determine the AO erosion-resistant properties of the polyimide films. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), attenuated total-reflection Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer were employed to characterize the change on the surface of films after AO exposure, and the mass loss of some phosphorus-containing polyimide films reduced to about 20% that of Kapton^? HN film as AO fluence of 4.14 × 10²⁰ atoms/cm². The morphologies of heave residues of the polyimide films acting as a barrier to further erosion could be obtained from FE-SEM. The results indicated that a phosphate-type layer was left on the surface of phosphorus-containing polyimide films after AO exposure.