Mechanical Model on Brittle Crack Initiation and Propagation

A mechanical model is presented in this paper to describe the initiating and propagating of brittle cracks. Two criteria have been deduced from the model to determine the effects of such factors as local stress state, surface and grain boundary energies as well as local grain boundary orientation on the initiating and propagating of both intergranular and transgranular brittle cracks. By which the role of adding B in Ni3Al base alloys to improve their ductility,temper and hydrogen embrittlements in steels and other alloys as well as the random feature of brittle crack initiation could be explained     

Interaction of triton X-100 on silica: A relationship between surface characteristics and adsorption isotherms

Adsorption of Triton X-100 on various silica substrates has been investigated. A number of solids, including a natural quartz, this quartz washed with HCl acid and subsequently heated at 1273 K; two aerosils and one Kieselgel silicas were studied. These solids exhibit surface areas in the range of 5 to 430 m² g^?1. All the Triton adsorption isotherms display an S-shape at the adsorption temperatures studied (298 and 308 K). It has been found that the pretreatments of natural quartz (by water washing, impurities removed by acid and/or high temperature calcination) affect considerably the amounts of TX-100 adsorbed. Measurements of surface composition have been made by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) with particular emphasis on the presence of impurities and on the number of OH groups at the surface of the samples. The nature of the surface hydroxyl has also been studied by infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, the specific number of hydroxyl groups on the surface of the silica samples has been determined by thermogravimetric analysis. Finally an attempt to correlate solid surface characteristics with adsorption isotherms has been developed.     

对分布式数据库发展方向的分析

本文对分布式数据库的设计方法、分割与分配技术作了一些探讨，并就分布式数据库的发展方向进行了初步分析。     

Head and eye movements in unrestrained pigeons (Columba livia).

Head and eye movements were simultaneously recorded during locomotory and pecking behavior of 4 pigeons, which were trained to traverse a conditioning chamber, with a pecking key and a food dispenser at each end. Each trial involved key pecking, walking, and feeding. Head movements were registered with a skull-mounted miniature accelerometer, and eye movements were recorded with implanted electrooculogram (EOG) electrodes. An almost perfect temporal coordination between head and eye movements was observed during both walking and feeding bouts. During walking, head movements primarily provide retinal image stability, and eye movements support visual scanning. During feeding, head movements mainly subserve the grasping of food items, and eye movements maintain visual fixation on them. Because the eyes are reflexively closed during the middle phase of pecks, the head and eye movements are then under ballistic control. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Freelance 2000 DCS在轴流机上的应用

简要介绍了Freelance 2000 DCS的功能特点以及轴流机的控制要求.结合轴流机的控制特点，用Freelance 2000 DCS对原模拟电子系统进行改造，实现并改进了轴流机流量－静叶位置调节、防喘振控制、逻辑控制、状态监测、信息管理等功能。改造后的系统可靠性高、技术先进、信息管理功能强，其设计思想和方法均可供石化企业大型压缩机控制系统的设计和改造借鉴。     

再生用碱的质量对阴离子交换树脂性能的影响

我国许多电厂在再生阴离子交换树脂时都习惯采用隔膜法生产的工业氢氧化钠，这种氢氧化钠中的杂质离子含量较高，会对阴离子交换树脂的性能产生很大的影响。就碱中杂质成分对阴离子交换树脂的影响，通过比较两种不同纯度的碱再生后的阴离子交换树脂的技术经济性，提出再生阴离子交换树脂时应优先选择纯度较高的碱。     

铜线材酸性高速电镀致密光亮锡、锡铜合金

为了寻找低成本、低腐蚀、低污染高速电镀锡、锡铜合金工艺 ,在含光亮剂、柔软剂DL0 1、0 2、0 3的硫酸槽中在不同的电流密度、不同的搅拌速度下 ,在Φ0 .5mm的铜线上电镀Sn和Sn Cu合金镀层。DL0 1、0 2的主要成分是无芳香族的希夫碱 ,DL0 3的主要成分是醇醛缩合物。结果表明 ,在含有DL0 1、0 2、0 3和 35g/LSnSO4 ,137g/LH2 SO4 的镀液中 ,在Jc=10～ 90A/dm2 ,v=16 0～ 314m/min时 ,所得镀层致密、柔软、光亮。在含CuSO4 ·5H2 O 0 .5 ,3.5g/L的硫酸镀槽中 ,在Jc=9,18A/dm2 ,v=16 0m/min时获得了致密、柔软、光亮的Sn (0 .3%～ 0 .6 % )Cu合金镀层。     

高速往复式内燃机平衡轴低质量设计分析

分析了扇形和偏心圆两种平衡轴设计的要求以及平衡重低质量的设计原则。扇形平衡重半径及宽度应尽量大、夹角应尽量小。偏心圆平衡重的偏心圆半径应尽可能大 ,轴承半径应尽可能小。同样质量的扇形平衡重产生的平衡力比偏心圆平衡重要大。     

基于MPLS骨干网络的VPN解决方案

现有的虚拟专用网(VPN)方案大多基于IP协议,这种结构的VPN在数据包转发速度、扩展性、服务质量等方面都存在欠缺,所以本文提出了基于多协议标记交换(MPLS)骨干网络的VPN解决方案.由于MPLS和IPSec在身份认证方面都没有定义,所以我们在方案中把认证中心(CA)的证书管理引入进来.该方案的核心思想是:利用MPLS在传输效率上的优势,通过CA进行身份认证、IKE协议^[1]进行密钥协商以及IPSec协议^[2]进行数据包加密,从而在MPLS骨干网络上建立一个安全高效的VPN.本文对实现MPLS VPN的每个关键部件都做了进一步的描述.     

基于DOCSIS标准的HFC数据加密算法的分析

基于DOCSIS标准的增强型基线保密性接口（BPI＋）采用56bit DES加密分组数据，采用二密钥三重DES加密通信量加密密钥。这种多重加密技术的应用为HFC网络的数据传输提供了相当于或更好于专线级的网络安全与加密性能。