应用基础研究与科技成果转化的探讨

以我们我为承担国家自然科学基金资助的应用基础研究工作为实例,用理论到实践的体会来论证应用瞄准高新技术及其产品,跟踪世界科技发展的前沿,以及两者紧密结合,相互依存和推动的辨证关系。通过实行“产学研官：的有机结合,加速高新技术成果的转化,实现一条龙的研究开发和。     

42MnVRE非调质钢的研制与应用

在许多领域所用的钢材由于要求进行调质处理，因此工序复杂，成本升高。为此，人们从７０年代开始在不断开发一系列的非调质钢来替代某些调质钢，以达到降低成本的目的。目前，国内的模具、汽车、机械等行业的许多材料是４５调质钢，为减少工序，降低成本，本研究课题旨在...     

Supramolecular structures of an amphiphilic hairy-rod conjugated copolymer bearing poly(ethylene oxide) side chain

The structures of an amphiphilic conjugated graft copolymer, poly(2,3-diphenyl-5-(trimethylene-heptadeca(oxyethylene)-methoxy-phenylene vinylene) (denoted as PVEO₁₇) composing of a conjugated DP-PPV backbone and PEO side chains, in bulk and solutions with tetrahydrofuran (THF) and water have been investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). In bulk state, the DP-PPV main chains in PVEO₁₇ stacked to form flat disk microdomains dispersed in the PEO side-chain matrix. The corresponding wide angle X-ray scattering pattern revealed the existence of crystallinity of the PEO side chains. The structure of the polymer in solution was affected by the solvent quality and the polymer concentration. PVEO₁₇ chains were relatively well dispersed in THF. In aqueous solutions, however, the amphiphilic PVEO₁₇ chains aggregated significantly over the concentration range of 1–8 wt%, where the polymer was found to self-organize to form cylindrical micelles with the aggregation number increasing with the increase of concentration. The photophysical properties characterized by UV–Vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy were strongly affected by the aggregation state of the polymer.     

会话式界面

编者按:Communications of ACM 2000年第9期有一个关于"会话式界面"的专栏,集中发表了7篇文章,代表了这个方向的研究和应用现状.长期以来,人们总是在不断探索更加适合于人使用的计算机界面.有人预计,会话式界面会成为下一个"浪潮".现将该专栏的客座编辑Jennifer Lai的引言译出,引言中简略介绍了该专栏7篇文章的内容.     

Design of reconfigurable antennas based on an L-shaped slot and PIN diodes for compact wireless devices

A basic antenna structure to design pattern and pattern/frequency reconfigurable antennas is proposed. The structure consists of an L-shaped slot, PIN diodes, lumped capacitors and bias networks. The PIN diodes and the lumped capacitors located at specific positions are used to create short circuits across the slot. By carefully controlling these diodes, the induced current distribution around the slot can be changed, resulting in different antenna radiation patterns. Thus, a pattern reconfigurable antenna can be achieved. The proposed structure is then extended to design frequency/pattern reconfigurable antennas by introducing varactor diodes. Two compact reconfigurable antennas based on the proposed structure are designed and implemented to prove the design concepts. The experiment results fully demonstrated the performances of the proposed designs. Owing to the compact size and ease on manufacture, the proposed structure can be a promising solution in compact wireless devices such as smart phones and notebook computers.     

Increased sialylation of polymeric immunoglobulin A1: mechanism of selective glomerular deposition in immunoglobulin A nephropathy?

Monoclonal antibodies which recognize antigenic determinants expressed by T-cells and Ig-bearing cells, respectively, allowed lymphocyte subpopulations involved in allograft rejection of muscle transplants to be identified in the teleost fish Dicentrarchus labrax (L.). The monoclonal antibody DLT15 first allowed recognizing T-cells involved in an in vivo antigen-driven cellular response in teleosts. Immunohistochemical studies showed a high density of lymphocytes in allografts and provided evidence of predominance of T-cells. The heterogeneity of the cell populations recognized by the antibodies was evidenced by the different size, cytology, and staining patterns of T-cells and Ig-bearing cells.     

FACE: Fine-tuned Architecture Codesign Environment for ASIP Development

High-performance, reliable, and robust products with a short development schedule are general design aims. FACE was developed to achieve these goals, including the organization of a design flow, a frequency-driven information analyzer, compiler techniques (code generator and instruction optimization), and a hierarchical object design library. This paper explores the design space of a retargetable compiler and a reconfigurable hardware, which combine both software and hardware reprogrammability. The environment, FACE, we have developed allows us to quickly move the functions between software and hardware in a state of flux. Finally, it generates the application specific integrated processor (ASIP) and a compiler for the new ASIP architecture. The case study is considered which demonstrates the efficiency in ASIP design of FACE.     

活性炭对糖浆脱色效能的研究

通过实验与回归分析，得出了福建粉炭等六种国产粉央对复筛原糖糖浆脱色的吸附等温线，用于评价活性对糖浆的脱色效能，在实验条件下，江西德兴粉炭的脱色效能较佳。     

MEASUREMENT OF ANODIC OVERVOLTAGE BY AMODIFIED CURRENT INTERRUPTION METHOD IN CRYOLITE-ALUMINA MELTS

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Molecular dynamics study of solid state interfacial reaction in the Ni-Mo system

Based on the Finnis–Sinclair formalism, an n-body Ni-Mo potential is constructed and the potential with optimized parameters is able to reproduce some physical properties of several Ni-Mo alloy phases. Molecular dynamics simulation with the constructed potential is performed to study the detailed process of solid-state interfacial reaction in the Ni/Mo multilayers upon isothermal annealing at medium temperatures. It is found that in the sandwich model or the bilayer model, interfacial reaction can take place down to 350 °C and is initiated through interface-crossing atomic diffusion, resulting in alloying and amorphization. The planar growth of the amorphous interlayer shows an asymmetric behavior, i.e., consuming the Ni lattice at a higher speed than the Mo lattice, leading to some intermediate stages where an Ni-enriched amorphous phase coexists with a small amount of unreacted Mo crystal. Moreover, it is revealed that 21 at.% Mo atoms in the Ni lattice reaches a critical value, resulting in a crystal-to-amorphous transition, while the critical concentration for collapsing of the Mo lattice is up to 25 at.% Ni. It follows that the above difference in the solubilities is regarded as the physical origin of asymmetric growth. Kinetically, the growth of the amorphous layer is found to follow a t ^1/2 law, indicating that solid-state amorphization is indeed through a diffusion-limited reaction. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.