Photocatalytic activity of porous magnesium oxychloride cement combined with AC/TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> composites

As a decorative material, magnesium oxychloride cement was used as a photocatalyst supporter to purify the pollutants indoors. Due to excellent adsorption properties of activated carbon (AC), the photocatalytic composties, TiO₂/AC, were prepared and introduced into the porous magnesium oxychloride cement (PMOC) substrate to composite a sort of photocatalytic cementitious material (PCM). The optimal composite processes were assessed by gas chromatograph, using toluene as the target. By comparing the perspective of toluene purification and thorough decomposition, it can be found that the optimal mass ratio for TiO₂/AC composites is 4/25, and the heat treatment to TiO₂/AC sample at 350 °C can play the optimal synergetic role of adsorbents in photocatalytic process. The synergistic effect of TiO₂, AC and magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) was also evaluated by gas chromatograph. One-take molding process was adopted to introduce the TiO₂/AC into PMOC substrate, and its optimal mass fraction was 4 wt%, while the appropriate density of substrate was 0.35 g/cm3. Toluene degradation showed that the prepared PCM can degrade pollutants efficiently. The appropriate treatment process of TiO₂/AC, mass of TiO₂/AC, substrate density, and stable pore structure should be coordinated to maximize the adsorption-photodegradation performance. The combination of photocatalytic materials, adsorbents, and building materials provided a new idea for the application of photocatalysis.     

Effect of friction reclaimed materials of waste brake-shoe on basic performance of mortar

Discarded train brake shoes mainly consist of steel-backed friction material. To be better reutilized, its essential features and its interaction in cement-based material need to be studied. Consequently, particle size analysis, SEM, IR and TGA were used to investigate two types of waste brake shoes, i e, mechanical grinding friction reclaimed material of waste brake-shoe (G-FRMWBS) and pyrolysis-friction reclaimed materials of waste brake-shoe (P-FRMWBS). The latter exhibited less organic content, larger range of particle size distribution and smaller medium particle diameter. Both types contained inorganic particles of spherical and irregular shapes, striped with steel fiber. Upon isometric substituting fine aggregates, G-FRMWBS lifted the strength of mortar effectively that was increased by 16.6% and 17.5% when the replacing rate was 5%; the value went up to 19.2% and 19.2% when the replacing rate was 10%. Moreover, inclusion of FRMWBS enhanced the chloride penetration resistance, and optimized the pore characteristic and ITZ (interfacial transition zone) as well.     

Microstructure and growth kinetics of silicide coatings for TiAl alloy

In order to improve the oxidation resistance of Ti Al alloy, silicide coatings were prepared by pack cementation method at 1273, 1323, and 1373 K for 1-3 hours. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) were employed to investigate the microstructures and phase constitutions of the coatings. The experimental results show that all silicon deposition coatings have multi-layer structure. The microstructure and composition of silicide coatings strongly depend on siliconizing temperatures. In order to investigate the rate controlling step of pack siliconizing on Ti Al alloy, coating growth kinetics was analyzed by measuring the mass gains per unit area of silicided samples as a function of time and temperature. The results showed that the rate controlling step was gas-phase diffusion step and the growth rate constant(k) ranged from 1.53 mg~2/(cm~4·h~2) to 2.3 mg~2/(cm~4·h~2). Activation energy(Q) for the process was calculated as 109 k J/mol, determined by Arrhenius' equation: k = k0 exp[–Q/(RT)].     

基于社会和文化可持续性的城市设计价值观重塑

可持续发展是环境、社会、经济和文化可持续性四个支柱之间的平衡发展.其中,无论是理论研究还是政策分析,社会可持续性和文化可持续性作为可持续发展的重要支柱一直受到忽视,城市设计领域也不例外.我们从社会可持续性和文化可持续性两个维度探讨了城市设计价值观的重塑问题.从社会可持续性视角看,城市设计需要建构以公平的空间资源分配为核心的价值观,具体表现在两个方面,即和谐宜居观与环境正义观.基于文化可持续性的城市设计价值观,核心是尊重城市文化多样性,它是城市保持活力的命脉以及城市可持续发展的源泉.     

Research on COB De-embedding in Scattering Parameter Measurement

The popular radio frequency (RF) chip on board (COB) test has gradually taken the place of on-wafer test due to the high efficiency and high power. This paper presents the extended Open-Short-Load (OSL) that is one-port calibration method to verify the error model de-embedding in S parameter measurement. Three-level cascade structure on COBs system error model is proposed and analyzed. Four kinds of calibration plane solutions for de-embedding are verified. At last, on-board calibration (CAL) kits solution is established to decrease the system error to the least value. The maximum error shift can be controlled less than 0.1 dB comparing with the on-wafer test results. In general, the practical application results prove that this method is reasonable and effective and easy to be mastered.     

Performance Comparison of Long-Wave Infrared Imaging Spectrometer Between Dyson Form and Offner Form

In view of the difficulties in traditional long-wave infrared imaging spectrometer which is hard to realize a high signal-to-noise ratio and miniaturization as well under the weak remote sensing signal,Offner convex grating spectrometer and Dyson concave grating spectrometer,both having concentric structure,are designed and analyzed in the band of 8-12 μm. The diffraction angle expressions of the two spectrometers are obtained and the diffraction characteristics are acquired. Both of the spectrometers are designed in Zemax environment under different F-numbers and different grating constants with the same slit,spatial resolution,spectral resolution and detector. The results show that Dyson grating spectrometer possesses the advantages of higher throughput and smaller volume, and Offner grating spectrometer possesses the advantage of more accessible material and the absence of chromatic aberration. The differences between Dyson form and Offner form show that the former is a better choice in the long-wave infrared imaging spectrometer.     

索承式桥梁吊索钢丝腐蚀疲劳寿命评估

根据吊索镀锌钢丝腐蚀疲劳破坏特点,把镀锌钢丝腐蚀疲劳纹形成和扩展过程分解成镀锌层腐蚀失效、蚀坑萌生、蚀坑形成、短裂纹扩展、长裂纹扩展和断裂破坏等阶段,建立各阶段时间表达式,得到镀锌钢丝疲劳寿命表达式,提出基于断裂力学的吊索钢丝腐蚀疲劳寿命评估研究结果方法。通过算例分析复杂运营条件下腐蚀环境和应力幅等因素对吊索钢丝腐蚀疲劳寿命的影响,研究结果表明：吊索钢丝腐蚀疲劳寿命主要由钢丝镀锌层腐蚀、蚀坑发展和短裂纹扩展等3个阶段组成,为了准确地评估吊索腐蚀疲劳寿命,需要掌握大桥的运营环境和交通荷载。     

Review:State-of-the-Art of Stamping-Forging Process with Sheet Metal Blank

综述：板材零件冲锻成形研究进展

王新云,金俊松,邓磊

创新点说明：

1） 按照工艺组合方式,将板冲锻成形分为复合成形方法与板锻成形方法两大类,并将每大类进行细分;

2）基于对板冲锻工艺的发展现状综述,指出高强度模具材料、新型的润滑技术、功能更丰富的智能冲锻设备以及适用于高强钢板冲锻方法是板冲锻工艺未来的发展方向。

研究目的：

通过对冲锻工艺进行分类归纳和总结,为从事该领域的研究人员、工程师提供应用参考,指引未来发展方向。

研究方法：

首先按照工艺组合方式的不同,将冲锻工艺进行分类,然后对每一类工艺列举典型的成形方法并进行讨论,包括其工艺特点,优缺点、适用范围、存在的问题等。基于全部的工艺进行归纳总结,指出冲锻工艺领域未来发展方向。

结果：

1） 板冲锻适合制造具有结构单元的板型零件;

2） 相对于传统的锻造或冲压工艺,板冲锻成形中模具压力非常高;

3） 相对于传统的锻造或冲压工艺,摩擦对金属流动影响显著;

4） 相对于传统的锻造或冲压工艺,模具或者设备动作相对复杂;

5）目前,针对高强度材料冲锻成形工艺较少。

结论：

1）冲锻成形工艺是制造具有功能单元板型件的有效方法,按照工艺组合方式的不同可以分为复合成形和板锻成形两大类;

2）板冲锻中,模具承受压力非常大,需要开发更高强度的模具材料来满足工艺的需要;

3） 板冲锻中,摩擦对金属流动影响显著,需要新的润滑技术和材料流动控制技术;

4）板冲锻中,模具动作相对复杂,因此需要能实现更多动作的新型智能设备;

5）随着轻量化的需求,高强度材料应用越来越广,需要开发出适合于高强度材料成形的冲锻工艺。

关键词：

钣金;冲压;锻造;冲锻工艺

     

混凝法去除水中TiO2纳米颗粒

为了探讨混凝法去除水中纳米颗粒的可行性及最佳条件,研究了无机混凝剂（PAC、PFS、PAFC）和有机絮凝剂（CPAM、APAM、NPAM）对TiO₂纳米颗粒的去除效果,并考察了投加量、pH、沉淀时间、水力条件及有机无机复配对TiO₂纳米颗粒去除效率的影响。单独投加PAC、PFS和PAFC时,三者对应的最高去除率分别为92.51%、84.43%、95.66%。单独投加CPAM、APAM、NPAM时三者对应的去除率仅为61.72%、29.06%、55.37%。复配最佳混凝条件为：投加40 mg/LPAC和3 mg/LCPAM,pH值为9,G值143.5/s,沉淀时间15 min,此时,TiO₂纳米颗粒去除率为99.6%。     

基于因材施教的微项目教学方法研究

针对道路与桥梁工程技术专业的培养目标,结合近几年高职院校招生质量的实际情况,探索了因材施教教学模式的改革思路。以黄河水利职业技术学院道路与桥梁工程技术专业的桥梁工程技术课程为例,就"微项目"教学方法进行了探讨。