Recovering spectral data from natural scenes with an RGB digital camera and colored filters

Many spectral‐recovery methods using RGB digital cameras assume the underlying smoothness of illuminant and reflectance spectra, and apply low‐dimensional linear models. The aim of the present work was to test whether a direct‐mapping method could be used instead of a linear‐models approach to recover spectral radiances and reflectances from natural scenes with an RGB digital camera and colored filters. In computer simulations, a conventional RGB digital camera with up to three colored filters was used to image scenes drawn from a hyperspectral image database. Three measures were used to evaluate recovery with the direct‐mapping method: goodness‐of‐fit, root‐mean‐square error, and a color‐difference metric. It was found that with two and three filters both spectral radiances and reflectances could be recovered sufficiently accurately for many practical applications. With little increase in computational complexity, an RGB camera and a few colored filters can provide significantly better recovery of natural scenes than an RGB camera alone. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 352–360, 2007     

Case Study of an Aerosol Explosion and a Method to Determine Explosion Temperatures

A failure analysis case study is presented for a two-piece aerosol containing tetrafluoroethane, commonly referred to as Refrigerant 134a. A gentleman was preparing to recharge the air conditioning system of an automobile when the bottom exploded off the aerosol container, propelling the body of the aerosol container like a rocket, which hit the man in the eye and blinded him in that eye. The aerosol was never connected to the air conditioner, therefore backpressure from the air conditioner (AC) compressor was ruled out as a cause for the explosion. The objective of the study was to determine why the aerosol exploded. Several recently developed test methods were used, including two types of heat-to-burst tests and a puncture chamber to measure the pressure-versus-temperature behavior of aerosols. More common test methods were also used, such as water bath pressure tests, hydro pressure burst tests, pneumatic pressure burst tests, hardness measurements, weight measurements, metallography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and an accident scenario recreation. A semi-empirical correlation between the hardness and weights of the container bottoms was used to determine the explosion temperature and/or pressure. This semi-empirical correlation agrees in principle with an analysis of the explosion pressures using finite-element analysis (FEA). The root cause for the explosion was determined to be a lack of strength of the bottom of the two-piece aerosol coupled with heating the aerosol to temperatures significantly above room temperature.     

Family-Responsive Interventions, Perceived Organizational and Supervisor Support, Work-Family Conflict, and Psychological Strain.

This study examined organizational family-responsive policies, perceptions of the organization as family supportive, and supervisor support as issues that may be salient to the experience of conflict between paid employment (work) and family roles. Data were collected from 355 managerial personnel in New Zealand. Although work-family conflict and psychological strain were strongly linked, the availability of organizational policies had no significant association with levels of conflict or strain, whereas policy usage was related only to work-to-family interference and not to family-to-work interference. On the other hand, perceptions of the organization as family supportive and supervisor support for work-family balance displayed significant relationships with key variables, highlighting the importance of these variables for interventions designed to ameliorate the negative impact of work-family conflict on managerial well-being. Implications for the effective implementation of family-responsive interventions are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Until的用法以及与其他词的辨析

通过例句讲解了until的用法,辨析了until与till、before的异同,并列举了高中英语和大学英语部分课文及习题中的例句。     

辽河催化裂化澄清油中间馏分热反应研究

采用先加入絮凝剂脱灰，再经减压蒸馏切割420～500℃馏分的方法，将辽河催化裂化澄清油预处理，考察了澄清油、加入絮凝剂脱灰后的澄清油以及脱灰后再减压蒸馏所得的中间馏分这3种原料在热转化过程中中间相的转化历程，并采用偏光显微镜观察热转化产物。结果表明，澄清油预处理效果明显，所得中间馏分具有较低的H／C原子比（nH／nC）和适宜的组成分布，是生产针状焦的理想原料。热转化产物的光学组织结构属于各向异性发达的广域-流线型结构。     

Sol-gel Preparation and Preliminary in vitro Evaluation of Fluorapatite／Hydroxyapatite Solid Solution Films

Fluorapatite/hydroxyapatite solid solution has better biological properties than other apatites, especially used as films or coatings. In this work, sol-gel preparation and in vitro behavior of fluorapatite/hydroxyapatite solid solution films on titanium alloy were investigated. Ca(NO3)2-4H20 and PO(OH)x(OEt)3-x were selected as precursors, and hexafluorophosphoric acid (HPFo) was used as a fluorine containing reagent. The Ca and P precursors were mixed with HPFo to keep the Ca/P molar ratio 1.67. The mixtures refluxed for 12 h were used as dipping sols for the preparation of the films. The phase of the films obtained at 600℃ was apatite. The F contents in the films increased with the concentrations of HPF6 in the dipping sols. The solid solution films were shown to have better stability than hydroxyapatite films, and a reasonably good bioactivity in the in vitro evaluation.     

诚信对兖矿资本运营的影响

1 诚信对兖矿资本运营的贡献1.1 在兖矿股票发行方面 1988年4月兖矿煤业在纽约、香港打响了上市的第一炮,这次兖州煤业全球发行8.2亿股,发行总收入折合人民币2.58亿元。可是当时的背景是亚洲金融危机爆发所带来的负面影响尚未完全消除,世界各地失信现象屡屡发生。活力28集团股份有限公司股票上市申报时虚增利润1667.7万元,上市后三年虚增利润21124.3万元,1998年公司在配股时公开披露国家股股东荆州市国资局以现金2320万元认购     

Extrusion-rotomolding of plasticized PVC formulations

In this work, we present a novel process to produce plasticized PVC articles. Plasticized PVC dispersion resin (dry blend) was extruded and poured into a hot mold. The mold was transferred to a rotomolding machine, where the final geometry was obtained. Formulations using commercial PVC suspension resin and three different types of plasticizers were prepared under different processing conditions. The physical appearance of the articles and the tensile properties of the materials were evaluated.     

节理岩体的代表单元集合体模型及弹性参数预测

本文明确提出了节理岩体“代表单元集合体”的概念和模型，通过对节理岩体的“代表单元集合体”进行数值模拟，研究了节理岩体的“代表单元集合体”的变形特性，建立了节理岩体的弹性模型，提出了预测节理岩体宏观等效弹性参数的计算机模拟方法，并将其应用于岩体工程稳定性分析中。