基于散射光谱的材质分类识别研究

有效的甄别、掌握空间碎片的状态,是合理利用太空资源和在轨航天器规避风险的前提,为了安全、持续地开发和利用空间资源,基于散射光谱,使用夹角余弦和欧式距离嵌入K临近法(KNN-AC-ED),并与经典的朴素贝叶斯分类器作为对比,对实验室测得的空间碎片中常用的四种材质进行分类识别。分类识别的结果显示,KNN-AC-ED法比经典的朴素贝叶斯分类器总体分类精度高4%。研究表明:朴素贝叶斯分类器需要提取每个光谱曲线的三个特征,而特征提取费时费力;KNN-AC-ED法利用光谱线型和强度两种信息,不仅全面的反应了光谱的信息,且计算相对更快捷。通过对空间碎片常用材质的分类,为进一步研究空间碎片的尺寸、材质等信息提供一定的借鉴意义。     

Design of hydraulic shift mechanism for AMT vehicles based on the collaborative optimization method

Based on multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO), a new design method is put forward for hydraulic shift mechanism of heavy-duty vehicle automated manual transmission (AMT). Taking a shift cylinder for example, the collaborative optimization (CO) method for the design problem of a cylinder is devided into one system level design optimization problem and three subsystem level design optimization problems. The system level is an economic model and the subsystem level is mechanics, kinetics, and a reliability model. Application of the multidisciplinary design optimization software iSIGHT modeling and solving, optimal solution of the shifting cylinder CO model is obtained. According to the optimal solution, oil cylinders are machined out and installed on the gearbox of an AMT system for the bench cycle shift test. The results show that the output force and action speed of the optimized mechanism can meet requirements very well. In addition, the optimized mechanism has a better performance compared to the structure of the traditional design method, which indicates that the CO method can optimize the design of hydraulic transmission.     

九龙山珍珠冲组砂砾岩储层改造技术研究与实践

四川盆地九龙山珍珠冲组砾岩储层基质孔渗条件差,非均质性强,裂缝及其溶蚀孔洞是重要的储集空间和主要的渗流通道。针对该区储层特征,结合室内评价实验和储层评价结果,对于裂缝发育的储层,采用土酸酸化;对于裂缝欠发育的储层,在酸化工艺无效的情况下开展加砂压裂工艺试验,通过施工管柱、施工参数的优选,成功地实施了对砾岩储层的加砂压裂改造,取得了一定的改造效果。     

Duffing系统中微弱信号起始点的检测

为从时域上检测微弱信号在系统中出现的时间点,提出了一种基于Duffing系统的微弱信号起始点的间接检测方法.首先将微弱信号与Duffing系统自身的信号相叠加,混合测量后剔除其中Duffing系统产生的信号,再利用dmey小波对待测信号加入系统造成的轨道偏离过程进行时域分析,可较准确测出微弱信号的起始点.由于混沌系统本身对高斯噪声的自免疫特性,因此本方法具有一定的抗噪性.仿真结果显示:该方法能有效地从时域上检测到微弱信号的起始点,其相对误差可达到10-3s,可应用于心动信号特征参数的提取.     

从中国旅游区划研究看中国旅游发展趋势

旅游区划是揭示旅游资源与旅游业空间布局的重要手段,有助于从整体上把握旅游发展趋势.以时间为线索,从命名、范围、依据等方面对不同时期的区划方案进行回顾比较,并对其存在的问题及优缺点进行评述.基于旅游区划的演变对中国旅游业发展趋势进行分析,以期可以更科学合理地进行旅游区划,促使我国旅游业朝着"可持续旅游"方向迈进.     

pH对高氨废水限氧半亚硝化过程中N2O释放的影响

为获得半亚硝化系统中强温室气体N2O减量化释放的控制参数,采用SBR处理人工合成高氨废水(进水氨氮质量浓度约为600 mg·L-1),考察不同进水pH(7.5,8.0和8.5)对N2O释放特性的影响.结果表明,不同进水pH下均释放N2O,每个周期内N2O的释放量随进水pH的升高而减小.pH为7.5,8.0及8.5时,N2O释放量分别占进水氨氮的3.81%、2.35%和2.00%.当pH为7.5时,曝气初始50 min内,N2O释放速率先增大后减小,峰值速率为44.5μg·min-1·g-1,之后维持在16.5μg·min-1·g-1;当p H为8.0及8.5时,曝气初期N2O释放峰值速率分别为33.7,22.9μg·min-1·g-1,之后释放速率随pH降低和NO2-积累而逐渐增大.     

充填采煤理论与技术的新进展及展望

充填采煤是绿色开采的核心,在综合阐述煤矿充填采煤技术发展历史的基础上,介绍了近年来我国综合机械化充填采煤理论及技术取得的重大突破,包括:长壁工作面采充一体化原理、综合机械化固体充填采煤技术、密实充填有效控制岩层运动的目标、充填采煤岩层移动预计的等价采高理论、密实充填采煤岩层移动的解析计算公式和充填采煤岩层移动与地表沉陷实测比较等.指出了研发新型低成本充填材料、提升充填采煤装备自动化水平、建立充填采煤基础理论与相关评价体系、协同充填采煤与地下水环境保护是煤矿充填采煤技术发展的必然趋势.     

Investigation on experimental method of low-impedance materials using modified Hopkinson pressure bar

To increase the detectability of split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) of low-impedance materials, modifications were conducted on traditional SHPB apparatus with a PMMA tube to output transmitted signal, and weak signals were further amplified by semiconductor strain gauges. Experiments on soft rubbers and cushioning foam materials were carried out. In order to analyze the accuracy of the experimental results, the stress equilibrium issues involved in the assumptions of SHPB were investigated. First, by way of re-constructing loading process of incident wave, the stress-strain curve was obtained, along with the stress equilibrium ratio of specimen. Secondly, the influences on the accuracy of stress-strain curves were investigated through the elastic modulus comparisons. And the results illustrate that the bilinear incident wave from experiments can ensure the stress equilibrium deformation of specimen after 2 normalized times, much sooner than ramp incident waves. Moreover, it even facilitates specimen deformation with a constant strain rate. The results confirm that the detectability of the modified SHPB can be down to tens kPa with enough accuracy level.