焊后热处理对7A04铝合金水下搅拌摩擦焊接接头组织性能的影响

对7A04铝合金板进行水下搅拌摩擦焊接(Submerged Friction Stir Welding,SFSW),并对焊接接头进行焊后热处理(Post Weld Heat Treatments,PWHT),研究焊后热处理对接头组织性能的影响。结果表明:焊后热处理接头呈现出弥散分布的细小析出相形貌,明显优于SFSW接头呈现出的少量析出相分散分布的特征。与SFSW接头相比,焊后热处理明显改善接头的力学性能。接头焊核区的平均硬度值提高了39.7HV,抗拉强度提高了67MPa,达到母材抗拉强度的96.1%,接头的应变硬化能力增强,拉伸断口呈现微孔聚合和解理混合断裂特征。     

石墨烯纳米复合材料合成及其在光催化氧化降解和还原制备氢能中应用的研究进展

石墨烯因独特的二维纳米结构和优良的物理化学性能已经成为近年来纳米材料研究的热点领域之一。作为一类新型的碳基材料,石墨烯纳米复合材料已经广泛地应用于多相光催化的诸多方面。对石墨烯纳米复合材料的制备、光催化还原制氢原理、光催化氧化染料降解原理、光催化活性的主要影响因素、石墨烯纳米复合材料在光催化氧化污染物降解、光催化还原制氢以及CO2还原制甲醇中的应用等领域的最新研究进展进行了较系统的综述,对一些新的光催化反应以及反应机理进行了归纳总结,提出了石墨烯纳米复合材料存在的问题以及未来的发展方向。     

互联网与智能化时代的产品设计思维和方法研究

目的探寻与构建互联网与智能化时代的产品设计思维与方法。方法以新设计语境条件下产品自身概念的重新定义为切入点,通过论述互联网与泛载智能时代产品开发设计所需的设计、大数据、社群、场景、四大思维及其融合关系,来探讨区别于传统语境下产品开发设计的新流程与方法。结论在产品软硬件高度融合,泛载智能成为主流的情况下,以社群构建为核心的用户全流程参与式设计,以场景思维置入的方式来评估产品的商业应用潜能,以快速测试、反馈迭代来减少试错周期与成本,逐渐成为互联网与智能化时代下新产品开发设计的核心。     

多模态隐喻视角下的产品设计理论方法研究

目的研究多模态隐喻在产品设计中的设计方法。方法归纳多模态隐喻在产品设计中的表现形式,深入分析其在产品设计中的创建机制与方法。结论提出以产品图像、动作、声音、空间为元素的多模式的产品设计创建方法。     

异型截面楼房定向爆破的关键技术和应用

为解决高宽比小、截面惯性矩大的异型截面楼房定向爆破的技术难题,根据楼房倾倒瞬间的受力分析,提出了支撑区宽度和定向切口高度的确定方法,认为定向大切口和使楼房定向倾倒转动铰前移的宽支撑区是满足楼房倾覆力矩和足够支撑力的关键技术。并介绍了在一栋双Y型截面的14层框架-剪力墙楼房的爆破实施案例,应用分割和整体定向爆破方法把该楼房分割为一栋矩形截面、两栋V型截面楼房,实现了在同一工程中,矩形截面楼房和相同结构的两栋V型截面楼房向结构相反方向定向爆破的技术参数和爆破效果的相互对比。结果表明:宽支撑区可有效防止楼房后坐,相对增大了楼房的高宽比以及定向切口角度。     

基于离散元方法的沥青混合料力链演化及分布量化分析

为了研究沥青混合料内部颗粒间力链的演化及分布规律,以AC-13沥青混合料作为研究对象,利用离散元方法重构沥青混合料数字试件,模拟简单性能试验,提取试件内部颗粒间的力链信息进行力链演化、概率分布和角度分布分析。结果表明,通过比较预测结果和实测结果,基于离散元方法重构的AC-13沥青混合料细观模型用于模拟其细观力学特性是可行的。试件内部力链空间分布具有各向异性,以垂直方向的压力力链为主,承受大部分的半正弦荷载。法向力链概率分布随加载时间的变化规律基本一致,法向接触力与平均法向接触力比值f最小时,概率分布出现最大值,f=1.75时,概率分布再次达到峰值,然后逐渐减小并趋于稳定。法向力链角度分布主要位于90°和270°附近,第一、二象限的角度分布比例远大于第三、四象限,60~120°、30~150°中法向力链角度分布比例均大于70%,最小为72.733%。     

Effects of T5 heat treatment on extrusion welds in AZ80 hollow profile

AZ80 hollow profile was produced by porthole-die extrusion. The mechanical behavior and microstructure characteristic of extrusion welds in AZ80 hollow profile during different T5 heat treatments were investigated. Five kinds of morphologies of β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ were observed in turn in weld regions under various temperatures. Extrusion weld is not weakest region in AZ80 hollow profile in terms of hardness, the peak hardness of weld regions is roughly equal to the weld-free regions at different aging temperatures, which is attributed to similar volume fraction, morphology, and size of β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ precipitate in weld regions and weld-free regions. The precipitate-free zones (PFZs) usually form near the welds interface in aging process, and the hardness of PFZs is usually lower than those of weld regions and weld-free regions. Aging at 200°C for 24?h is suitable heat treatment system for AZ80 hollow profile, which can achieve excellent mechanical property and simultaneously reduce the width of PFZs.     

Modulating the Surface State of SiC to Control Carrier Transport in Graphene/SiC

Silicon carbide (SiC) with epitaxial graphene (EG/SiC) shows a great potential in the applications of electronic and photoelectric devices. The performance of devices is primarily dependent on the interfacial heterojunction between graphene and SiC. Here, the band structure of the EG/SiC heterojunction is experimentally investigated by Kelvin probe force microscopy. The dependence of the barrier height at the EG/SiC heterojunction to the initial surface state of SiC is revealed. Both the barrier height and band bending tendency of the heterojunction can be modulated by controlling the surface state of SiC, leading to the tuned carrier transport behavior at the EG/SiC interface. The barrier height at the EG/SiC(000‐1) interface is almost ten times that of the EG/SiC(0001) interface. As a result, the amount of carrier transport at the EG/SiC(000‐1) interface is about ten times that of the EG/SiC(0001) interface. These results offer insights into the carrier transport behavior at the EG/SiC heterojunction by controlling the initial surface state of SiC, and this strategy can be extended in all devices with graphene as the top layer.