Studies on Lotus Genomics and the Contribution to Its Breeding

Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera), under the Nelumbonaceae family, is one of the relict plants possessing important scientific research and economic values. Because of this, much attention has been paid to this species on both its biology and breeding among the scientific community. In the last decade, the genome of lotus has been sequenced, and several high-quality genome assemblies are available, which have significantly facilitated functional genomics studies in lotus. Meanwhile, re-sequencing of the natural and genetic populations along with different levels of omics studies have not only helped to classify the germplasm resources but also to identify the domestication of selected regions and genes controlling different horticultural traits. This review summarizes the latest progress of all these studies on lotus and discusses their potential application in lotus breeding.     

基于自适应阈值分割改进Canny算子的管道边缘检测方法研究

针对工厂中管道破损位置无法通过机器视觉准确判断的问题,提出一种基于自适应阈值分割改进Canny算子的管道边缘检测方法。该方法从滤波方式、梯度方向以及阈值分割角度对采集图像进行处理,首先采用采样-自适应中值滤波+双边滤波代替传统Canny算子中的高斯滤波,减少图像边缘信息丢失并去除图像中的噪声,然后增加梯度幅值的计算来更好地检测不同方向的边缘信息,最后为避免人工选取阈值效果不佳的情况,采用最大类间方差 (OTSU)阈值分割算 法进行阈值的自适应选取。实验表明,该方法相比于传统Canny算子的图像信噪比提升28.22%,边缘点数提升39.97%,四连通道数提升11.52%,八连通道数提升5.92%,提取特征完整且连续性较好,实现了对管道图像中破损情况的有效检测。     

透镜球差对拉盖尔-高斯涡旋光束聚焦特性的影响及改善方法

涡旋光场调控对涡旋光在激光通信、生物操控等领域的应用研究具有重要意义。为了揭示透镜球差对拉盖尔-高斯(Laguerre-Gaussian,LG)涡旋光束传输特性的影响,本文基于菲涅尔衍射理论,模拟研究了不同透镜球差系数下的LG光束聚焦场的强度、相位以及螺旋谱分布。结果表明:光学系统初级球差系数的增大恶化了LG光束聚焦场的强度分布和螺旋相位,弥散了轨道角动量(orbital angular momentum,OAM) 。由此,本文提出了一种光阑补偿方案,通过在透镜前添加大小合适的圆孔光阑,以消除透镜像差。光阑补偿后的LG光束聚焦场由星芒状空心分布恢复为空心圆环分布,OAM态保持单一稳定。本研究工作为改善透镜像差对涡旋光的传输影响提供了解决方案。     

Ordinal Regression for Information Retrieval

This letter presents a new discriminative model for Information Retrieval （IR）, referred to as Ordinal Regression Model （ORM）. ORM is different from most existing models in that it views IR as ordinal regression problem （i.e. ranking problem） instead of binary classification. It is noted that the task of IR is to rank documents according to the user information needed, so IR can be viewed as ordinal regression problem. Two parameter learning algorithms for ORM are presented. One is a perceptron-based algorithm. The other is the ranking Support Vector Machine （SVM）. The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been evaluated on the task of ad hoc retrieval using three English Text REtrieval Conference （TREC） sets and two Chinese TREC sets. Results show that ORM significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art language model approaches and OKAPI system in all test sets; and it is more appropriate to view IR as ordinal regression other than binary classification.     

Early Expression of Tet1 and Tet2 in Mouse Zygotes Altered DNA Methylation Status and Affected Embryonic Development

Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) dioxygenases can induce DNA demethylation by catalyzing 5-methylcytosine(5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine(5hmC), and play important roles during mammalian development. In mouse, Tet1 and Tet2 are not expressed in pronucleus-staged embryos and are not involved in the genomic demethylation of early zygotes. Here, we investigated the influence of Tet1 and Tet2 on methylation of parental genomes by ectopically expressing Tet1 and Tet2 in zygotes. Immunofluorescence staining showed a marked 5hmC increase in the maternal pronucleus after injection of Tet1 or Tet2 mRNA into zygotes. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing further revealed that Tet2 greatly enhanced the global demethylation of both parental genomes, while Tet1 only promoted the paternal demethylation. Tet1 and Tet2 overexpression altered the DNA methylation across genomes, including various genic elements and germline-specific differently methylated regions. Tet2 exhibited overall stronger demethylation activity than Tet1. Either Tet1 or Tet2 overexpression impaired preimplantation embryonic development. These results demonstrated that early expression of Tet1 and Tet2 could substantially alter the zygotic methylation landscape and damage embryonic development. These findings provide new insights into understanding the function of Tet dioxygenases and the mechanism of DNA methylation in relation to embryogenesis.     

华东电网公司企业知识管理的研究与实现

在分析华东电网公司知识应用需求的基础上,结合国家电网公司"SG186"工程对知识管理的具体要求,建立公司企业知识管理体系,包括公司知识源组成、公司知识的分布、知识管理信息系统的功能以及知识管理运作组织架构及管理制度建设建议等,并提出了知识管理信息系统开发的技术路线和实现的具体思路.     

Slicing Method for Reverse Engineering Based on Image Mosaic

Reverse engineering dealing with images is traditionally based on image processing and contour recognition. A new method is presented based on the combination of sectional slicing with image mosaic. Sectional contours of the target object are generated by colorful liquid or laser scanning, these images from different views are fused into a set of complete cross-sectional images, thereby the whole practical model is reconstructed in 3D space.     

等周图像分割算法的一种加速改进

在等周算法应用于图像分割中,由于不能充分利用求解线性方程组所得到的状态向量,且对于多目标的图像进行处理时采用的二分迭代产生较大计算量的不足,通过对多目标图像的状态向量和等周率进行分析,提出一种加速改进k+1分迭代方式,经分析和实验表明改进后方法比原算法分割在计算次数和计算时间上效率更高。     

新型矿用LPTC陶瓷温度传感器

利用复合方法研制出一种ＬＰＴＣ电子陶瓷材料,并经作温度敏感元件,研制出适合井下恶劣环境,精度高、寿命长的温度传感器。并对探头包封和响应时间以及传感器的动、静态特性进行了测量。     

异质扩散的图像边缘特征提取方法

图像检测中提高成像的质量、抑制图像的噪声、增强图像的对比度是图像检测的主要目标。其主要目的是为了强化边缘特点,方便进行具体的测量。针对偏微分方程(PDE)在图像处理中的运用进行了探讨,并将其与形态学腐蚀算子相结合,提出了基于形态学腐蚀和梯度计算的边缘检测方法,并通过仿真测试进行验证。