平衡剖面技术在盆地构造分析中的应用进展及存在的问题

平衡剖面技术是一种遵循几何守恒原则而建立的地质剖面正演与恢复方法，是构造演化定量分析的有效手段。介绍了平衡剖面技术的原理和平衡剖面的制作。论述了平衡剖面技术在反转构造和挤压区盐构造平衡、伸展断陷盆地亚分辨正断层预测等方面取得的进展，而对不同方向的叠加构造、含斜向滑动的构造以及含不均匀剥蚀的多期构造平衡与恢复目前则难以实现。由二维剖面平衡与复原走向三维平衡与复原，同时与计算机技术紧密结合，实现完整的三维地质可视化、平衡和恢复系统，是平衡剖面技术的发展趋势。     

页岩气成藏特点及勘探选区条件

中国页岩气勘探尚属于早期阶段,对页岩气成藏的认识还不够深入,页岩气的资源评价亦处于薄弱环节.通过北美与四川盆地页岩气的对比可知,与常规天然气相比,页岩气的成藏条件只需要物源条件、储集条件、初次运移条件及保存条件,没有二次运移和圈闭条件的要求.页岩气具有3个典型的成藏特征,即独特的成因特征、气源生产力特征和赋存特征.基于页岩气成藏条件和成藏特征的分析,综合考虑地质状况、经济效益和环境影响等多方面的因素,建立了页岩气勘探开发的选区指标,以此为页岩气资源评价服务.     

Research on attenuation characteristic of sound wave in coal or rock body

In order to using power sound wave increase permeability of coal, rules of attenuation of sound wave in coal should be studied. In this paper, characteristic and mechanism of attenuation of sound wave in coal was researched according to acoustic theory and attenuation coefficients was estimated by acoustic parameter of coal. The research results show that the main attenuation mechanism of sound wave in coal is absorption attenuation and scattering attenuation. The absorption attenuation includes viscous absorption, thermal conduction absorption and relaxation absorption. Attenuation coefficient of sound wave in gaseous coal is 38.5 Np/m. Researches on attenuation characteristic of sound wave will provide the theoretical basis for power sound wave improving permeability of coal and accelerating desorption of coal bed gas.