自然环境中混凝土内湿度响应规律

基于饱和水汽压方程探讨了湿度采用相对湿度和水汽密度表达形式间的关联,并通过理论推导和现场实测法研究了自然环境中空气湿度变化和混凝土内不同深度处湿度响应规律,从而建立了自然环境湿度作用谱和混凝土内湿度响应谱模型.试验结果表明:所构筑的自然环境湿度作用谱和混凝土内湿度响应谱模型可用于描述环境湿度变化与混凝土内湿度响应规律.自然环境相对湿度曲线随时间发生周期性波动,而混凝土内湿度随距表层深度的增加而增大且一定深度处相对湿度短时间内基本恒定.与采用相对湿度表达形式相比,采用水汽密度表达形式可更好地定量表征不同环境条件下的环境湿度变化规律.     

Synthesis of Cu nano-particle in toluene used for conductive ink with a binder of polyurethane

Copper nanoparticles with a size of about 150 nm were prepared in toluene using oleic acid as protecting agent. The nanoparticles were used to prepare conductive Cu ink with a polyurethane binder. Oleic acid was used to prevent the nanoparticles from oxidization and agglomeration. The prepared Cu nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The resistivity of the copper film on glass substrate that was prepared using Cu nanoparticle ink reached about 1.5× 10-4 2. cm-1 after it was annealed to 120 ~C. Both the nanoparticle ink and the films were characterized by XRD, fourier transform infrared （FT-IR）, and the thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry instrument （TG- DSC）.     

基于支持向量机回归的飞行载荷参数识别研究

飞行载荷参数识别是单机寿命监控中的重要技术,主要通过建立飞行参数与飞行载荷之间的转换关系,实现间接获取关键部位的载荷谱。针对飞行参数与飞行载荷之间非线性识别问题,结合飞机典型的机动动作,提出了一种改进的支持向量机回归(SVM-R)飞行载荷识别模型。该模型首先采用主成分分析缩减SVM-R模型输入,再利用交叉验证和遗传算法优化SVM-R模型设置参数,最后根据优化参数训练得到飞行载荷的SVM-R识别模型。通过在半滚机动动作下,飞行参数识别某一部位弯矩的实例分析,验证了优化改进的SVM-R模型对飞行载荷识别的最大残差可控制在实测载荷的20%以内,平均残差控制在实测载荷的3%以内,且优于未经优化的SVM-R模型。     

Analytical model of elastic modulus and coefficient of thermal expansion for 2.5D C/SiC composite

To make better use of 2.5D C/SiC composites in industry, it is necessary to understand the mechanical properties. A finite element model of 2.5D composites is established, by considering the fiber undulation and the porosity in 2.5D C/SiC composites. The fiber direction of warp is defined by cosine function to simulate the undulation of warp, and based on uniform strain assumption, analytical model of the elastic modulus and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) for 2.5D C/SiC composites were established by using dualscale model. The result is found to correlate reasonably well with the predicted results and experimental results. The parametric study also demonstrates the effects of the fiber volume fraction, distance of warp yarn, and porosity in micro-scale on the mechanical properties and the coefficients of thermal expansion.     

Efficient algorithm for mismatching point elimination with interzone limited pre-testing

The elimination of mismatching point is a key step in image mosaic. To speed up the mismatching point elimination in image matching, an efficient algorithm for mismatching point elimination is presented. Based on the RANSAC(random sample consensus) algorithm, the algorithm aims at the feature of the image sequence. First, the match points are sorted, divided into three parts and piecewise picked randomly to estimate the transforming matrix. Second, the matrix is cursorily checked with a novel interzone limited pre-test model, a further check is executed on the matrix that passes the pre-testing to get inliers. Finally, the least-square method is used to the inliers to get the real matrix. Experimental results suggest that the proposed algorithm is of lower complexity, higher accuracy and stableness especially in cruel conditions, which meets the demand of image sequence mosaic well.     

Motion compensation approach for wide-swath missile-borne SAR imagery

In wide-swath missile-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging, the range-variant residual phase modulation, which is introduced by the presence of trajectory deviations, will seriously degrade the focusing quality of the final image. To deal with this problem, a motion compensation approach for missile-borne SAR is proposed. In the approach, the signal model of motion error for diving movement is established. Then, according to the inertial navigation system (INS) information, the range-variant residual Doppler rates of the echoes are extracted by using the Doppler rate estimation, on the basis of which the corresponding phase error can be calculated and compensated. Simulation results show that, by using the proposed approach, the influences of the motion error on focusing are greatly reduced with the well focused image obtained.     

Motion compensation approach for airborne bistatic SAR imaging

In airborne bistatic synthetic aperture radar (BiSAR) imaging, not only the motion error of the airborne platform, but also the inaccuracy of data acquisition geometry will introduce an additional phase error that seriously degrades the focusing quality of the final image. For one-stationary BiSAR imaging, the influence of the inaccurate geometry is analyzed in detail and an applicable motion compensation approach is proposed. By using Doppler rates estimation, the phase error both from the motion error and the inaccurate geometry is appropriately compensated so that the focusing quality of the final image is consequently improved. Analyses of acquired raw data are presented to verify the proposal.     

Heat treatment temperature effect on the microstructure and optical properties of Dy2(WO4)3 powders

Dy₂(WO₄)₃ powders were synthesized through liquid-phase reaction. The structure transformation of Dy₂(WO₄)₃ powders were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The optical absorption and photoluminescence properties were characterized by UV-vis-infra diffuse reflectance spectra and fluorescence spectra. The Dy₂(WO₄)₃ host could absorb deep UV light and transfer the energy of UV light to Dy³⁺ ions, which convert the high-energy UV light to blue light (482 nm, ⁴ F _9/2→⁶ H _15/2) and yellow light (547 nm, ⁴ F _9/2→⁶ H _13/2). The Dy₂(WO₄)₃ powders could also absorb near UV light and exhibit blue and yellow emissions near 482 and 547 nm, respectively. Heat treating promoted the crystallization and regulated the micro-structure of Dy₂(WO₄)₃ hosts. The bands of W-O_d anti-symmetric stretching vibration exhibited red shift with the increasing of sintering temperature. The W-O_b-W groups tended to combine with each other to form W-O_c-W groups after heat treating. These regulation of micro-structure had influence on the luminescent color of Dy₂(WO₄)₃. The samples could emit yellow-green, white-yellow and white light under the excitation of 350 nm after being treated at 600, 800 and 1 000 °C, respectively. The prepared Dy₂(WO₄)₃ powders have potential to act as UV absorber for solar cell to improve the conversion efficiency and also exhibit potential for white light LED.     

Time dependent chloride diffusion coefficient in concrete

In order to study how to correctly apply the two different time dependencies to service life prediction models, the definition of parameters in the time dependent equation using the long-term test method and the short-term test method, and its relationship were discussed. The experimental results show that, as the two time dependencies have different meanings, they have different manners when handled in service life prediction models. Time dependency of chloride diffusion coefficients in concrete was obtained by fitting experimental data. A large number of accurate experimental data were required to fit the formula of time dependency to ensure the accuracy of service life prediction model.     

Degradation mechanism of lacquered tinplate in energy drink by in-situ EIS and EN

The corrosion process of phenolic epoxy coated tinplate in energy drink was investigated by in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and electrochemical noise(EN) techniques. The experimental results indicate that the degradation process of novolac epoxy coated tinplate in energy drink can be divided into three main stages: organic coating wetted by the beverage; corrosion initiation beneath the organic coating; and corrosion extension process. It was proposed that the tin coating and carbon steel were mainly corroded by organic acids in energy drink through the pores of the organic coating. After the tin coating was corroded, the carbon steel started to corrode due to its higher electrochemical activity and became to be the dominated corrosion reaction.