An investigation of bulk recycling planning for an electronics recycling facility receiving industrial returns versus residential returns

Since most end-of-life electronics equipment contain hazardous materials such as lead solder alloys or lead-impregnated glass, it is important to divert them from landfills. For end-of-life products that are not repairable and do not contain reusable parts, bulk recycling is an alternative to recover base materials. In this paper, we contrast production and recycling planning and distribution decisions, activities, and costs. We reveal that while a traditional production facility connects suppliers and customers, a recycling facility connects both "input" and "output" customers. As a result, decisions in short-term bulk recycling planning include what products to accept, what products to process and reprocess, and what products to carry in inventory. Many recyclers set prices to receive "input" based on experience. For various prices to receive "input", we use a new analytical model to investigate the sensitivity of the short-term bulk recycling planning decisions in products from two different sources: industrial returns versus residential returns. The results of the case study show that different decisions are recommended for the industrial returns versus the residential returns when the total quantity of the incoming products is equal.     

利用资本市场促进玻璃企业持续稳定发展

从能源、市场和效益角度入手,浅显分析了玻璃企业现状,提出了企业应根据市场变化调整决策,利用现代资 本市场建立现代化企业制度,将油价大幅上升做为企业获取巨额利润的重大机遇,保持企业稳步长久发展。     

大型90°管状拐角之施工工艺

某大型风洞洞体拐角施工中,由于合理的安排了安装顺序和相关工艺,成功的解决了内径为10m的拐角段45°斜切圆筒体与椭圆筒体间环缝接口难以吻合、洞体总体尺寸和导流片角度不易控制的难题。提高了功效,保证了工程质量。     

Modeling the continuous melt transesterification of bisphenol-A and diphenyl carbonate in a continuous stirred tank reactor

A model of continuous melt transesterification of bisphenol-A and diphenyl carbonate in a continuous stirred tank reactor is developed using phase equilibria assumption and the method of molecular weight moments. The model equations can be simplified into a polynomial system that has 17 equations and 17 unknowns. Solution of the polynomial system gives out almost every aspects of the continuous transesterification process. Molecular weight and polydispersity index, end group ratio of hydroxyl to phenyl carbonate, contents of molecular species, and lost diphenyl carbonate fractions are studied in different operation parameters.     

高等植物氨基酸生物效应的研究进展

本文对氨基酸营养条件下植物体内硝酸盐含量变化及其机理,土施植物激素前体色氨酸和蛋氨酸对高等植物生长和化学组成的影响。氨基酸和氨基酸肥料对植物产量和品质的影响作了综述。     

Recovery of pyruvic acid with weakly basic polymeric sorbents

BACKGROUND: Carboxylic acids are among the most important substances that can be manufactured from biomass. However, the recovery of carboxylic acids from fermentation broths presents a challenging separation problem. To avoid the production of waste salts and net consumption of chemicals in the calcium carboxylate salt process, the use of reversible chemical complexation with polymeric sorbents and extractants is attractive for carboxylic acid recovery. Pyruvic acid is widely used in the manufacture of medicines, pesticides and foodstuffs and can be produced by fermentation. Since the acidity of pyruvic acid (pK_a = 2.49) is stronger than that of normal carboxylic acids, and as few reports on the recovery of pyruvic acid are available, the sorption of pyruvic acid from aqueous solution on two types of weakly basic polymeric sorbent, tertiary amine D301R and primary amine D392, was investigated over a wide pH range and at various salt (MgSO₄) concentrations. RESULTS: Overloading adsorption of pyruvic acid on both weakly basic polymeric sorbents occurred, with the overloading of D392 being greater than that of D301R. The adsorption of pyruvic acid on both sorbents was greatly affected by the solution pH and the salt concentration in the aqueous phase. An overloading model was able to predict the experimental uptake data very well. CONCLUSION: Solution pH is one of the most important operating conditions, and both polymeric sorbents D392 and D301R can be used to recover pyruvic acid from dilute aqueous solution with high efficiency at a solution pH around 2. The uptake by D392 is greater than that by D301R owing to steric hindrance of the tertiary amine. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

Modeling operation and microarchitecture concurrency for communication architectures with application to retargetable simulation

In multiprocessor-based system-on-chips (SOCs), optimizing the communication architecture is often as important as, if not more than, optimizing the computation architecture. While there are mature platforms and techniques for the modeling and evaluation of computation architectures, the same is not true for the communication architectures. A major challenge in modeling the communication architecture is managing the concurrency at multiple levels: at the operation level, multiple communication operations may be active at any time; at the microarchitecture level, several microarchitectural components may be operating in parallel. Further, it is important to be able to clearly specify how the operation-level concurrency maps to the microarchitectural-level concurrency. This paper presents a modeling methodology and a retargetable simulation framework which fill this gap. This framework seeks to facilitate the design space exploration of the communication subsystem through a rigorous modeling approach based on a formal concurrency model, the operation state machine (OSM). Our OSM-based modeling methodology enables the entire system including both the computation and communication architectures to be modeled in a single OSM framework. This allows us to develop a tool set that can synthesize cycle-accurate system simulators for multiprocessing-element SOC prototypes. We show that, by simulation, critical system information such as timing and communication patterns can be obtained and evaluated. Consequently, system-level design choices regarding the communication architecture can be made with high confidence in early stages of design.     

提高工程量清单编制质量的思考

文章从如何提高对工程量清单编制工作重要性的认识入手,分析了实现计价理念、计价侧重点和造价控制观念转变的必要性,重点阐述了提高工程量清单编制质量应给予足够重视的几个关键环节。     

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对三种天然气压缩因子计算方法：经典热力学法、SGERG-88法、SY／T6143—1996法进行了介绍并对计算结果进行了对比，第一种方法的计算精度远不能满足贸易结算的要求，我国现行的第二种计算方法与ISO标准方法相比，在10℃以上的温度范围内基本相符，但在10℃以下的低温段则偏差较大。由此说明，我国目前所实施的计量标准与国际上认可的ISO标准方法之间有较大的偏差；同时，对不需要在线计算的场合，提出了一套基于数据拟合的计算体积修正系数的高精度近似方法，可提高体积计量仪表的性价比。     

井底堆积物的作用

分析了深井低品位岩溶采卤中，井底堆积物的形成和发展，利用流体力学理论，从正反两方面分析了井底堆积物在采卤中的主要作用。