电能回馈式传动系疲劳寿命试验台的研制

为解决现有传动系疲劳寿命试验台能耗大的问题,研制开发了一种以直流测功电机为加载器、数字直流可逆调速器为控制器,将直流测功电机产生的电能回馈到电网的传动系疲劳寿命试验台。该装置的电能回馈率达76%左右,节能效果显著。     

上海新国际博览中心--一种清晰、简洁、高效的展览建筑模式

文章介绍了新落成的上海新国际博览中心．并提出一种清晰、简洁、高效的展览建筑模式。     

祈祷平安——来自甘肃拉卜楞寺的消防报告

1985年,位于甘肃省甘南藏族自治州夏河县的拉卜楞寺大经堂发生了特大火灾。然而,历史的教训并未能引起人们对消防工作的足够重视,致使该寺的消防基础设施仍然严重滞后,灭火力量也十分薄弱。辉煌的拉卜楞寺在呼唤着消防,祈祷着平安。1灿烂文化拉卜楞是藏语“拉章”的变音,意为僧侣的宫殿。该寺位于甘肃省甘南藏族自治州夏河县城西北,距县城约一公里。她背靠雄伟的曼达拉山,一碧见底的大夏河从她面前缓缓流过。拉卜楞寺建于清代康熙48年(1709年),历经五次修建和扩建。先后建起了六大扎仓(学院)、31囊欠(活佛府邸)以及大小佛殿84座。其中3层楼…     

俄罗斯防火和灭火救援的新设备、新工艺

在莫斯科的全俄展览中心召开了《俄罗斯自然、技术成果和消防安全》国际论坛大会。这次大会为俄罗斯各地区的消防、救生专家、实践家及外国与会者提供了一个全新的机会 ,使他们能够了解消防技术产品领域中现代化的构想、研制和最新的成果。这次大会举办了主题为《2 0 0 4年救生设备》的第 8届国际展览会。展览会上展出了丰富多样、品种齐全的消防技术装备。《艾略特》闭锁型股份公司展示了消防队员用的成套的散热服。在拉缅斯科耶市《章鱼》公司的展品中 ,除了消防队员和救生队员所熟知的品质良好的克丝钳、剪断机、扩张器、收放动作筒外 ,…     

简易自动喷水灭火系统在中小型场所中的应用

通过中小型场所的火灾实体模拟试验,说明了在中小型场所中设置简易自动喷水灭火系统的可行性和重要性。     

The creation of the incapable social tenant in Flanders,Belgium. An appraisal

As long as the social rented sector housed traditional families and the allocation procedures were rather loose, there was little commotion about the sector. A combination of a change in family structures, economic changes, and the strengthening of allocation procedures in favour of those most in need did change perceptions. Marginalisation and ghettoisation, especially of high-rise social housing estates, became buzzwords. This paper deals with the causes of these changes and with their implications. The marginalisation discourse calls for enlarging the target groups and estate-specific allocation procedures (to obtain a `social mix'). It illustrates a profound desire to diminish the number of ethnic minorities, single parents, single-person households and all kinds of people with a weak income profile who gain access to social rental housing. Furthermore, this discourse is reaching a crescendo: after it was started in the early 1990s by staff members of local social housing companies, it passed through the union of the social housing companies, the umbrella organisation of the sector, and parliament, reaching its greatest momentum so far in early 2002 when it was adopted by the Flemish housing minister. The counterpoint to this negative discourse is the high degree of satisfaction among social tenants, as observed in a study carried out in 1999. In our paper we will try to explain the background of these opposing trends and the possible consequences for the social rental housing in general and for tenants in particular.     

油管传输射孔(TCP)用尾声信号弹的研究

针对深井油管传输射孔作业中TCP监测识别系统无法监测到尾声信号弹发出的震动信号,同时存在尾声信号弹造成遇卡事故等问题,对尾声信号弹结构进行研究。通过ANSYS LS-DYNA仿真分析和地面试验验证,确定主装药采用分散装药,相比集中装药减轻了爆炸产物对本体的冲击,提升了主装药装药量。此外,本体采用非对称圆形泄压孔设计方案(一侧为φ8mm圆孔、另一侧为大于φ14mm圆孔)。地面试验结果表明该设计的外径胀大尺寸满足要求,有效减少了尾声信号弹的爆炸碎屑,降低了射孔管串在上提时遇卡的风险。大庆油田的使用效果说明其有效提升了TCP监测系统监测的成功率。     

The potential use of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fabaceae</Emphasis> lianas fibers in papermaking

The objective of this study was to anatomically characterize the fibers of nine species of Fabaceae lianas, to determine their potential in papermaking and to define which biometric parameters can be used to distinguish and identify individuals. The species presented average values of 76.81, 57.45, 42.55, and 1.81 for the felting index, wall fraction, coefficient of flexibility, and Runkel index, respectively. It is concluded that only M. ferox and M. madeirense can be recommended for papermaking.     

The impact of natural and artificial weathering on the visual,colour and structural changes of seven tropical woods

This study investigates the effects of wood weathering on changes in its macroscopic and colour characteristics in connection with changes in its molecular and anatomical structure. Seven hardwoods suitable for outdoor architecture—bangkirai, cumaru, cumaru rosa, ipé, jatobá, kusia, and massaranduba—were exposed to the exterior out of ground contact for 1–36 months according to EN 927-3, and for 1–12 weeks in Xenotest with water spraying according to partly modified EN 927-6. With prolonged weathering, the following changes occurred in the top surfaces of all tropical woods: (1) visual—creation of longitudinal macro-cracks, (2) spectrophotometry and CIE-L ^? a ^? b ^? —darkening in exterior exposure mainly due to pollutants, except for ipé, and vice versa lightening in Xenotest, as well as greening and blueing in both modes of exposure, (3) FTIR—faster decrease of guaiacyl than syringyl lignin, absolute decrease of conjugated and unconjugated carbonyl groups in the newly formed lignin-polysaccharide-extractive substrate in the photo-oxidized and washed-out cell walls, and decrease of cellulose crystallinity, (4) SEM—damaging of cell-walls by micro-cracks, and their degradation by thinning. Connections between changes of the individual characteristics of weathered woods, for example, between the colour (ΔE*, etc.) and the molecular structure (carbonyls, etc.), were also determined.     

Characteristics of cricket (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Gryllus bimaculatus</Emphasis>) chitosan and chitosan-based nanoparticles

The field cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus) is commonly consumed as food in different parts of the world. This study was performed to characterize the chitosan extracted from crickets and to assess its potential use to the growing functional market. The degree of deacetylation (DA), Fourier-transform infrared spectra, X-ray diffraction patterns, molecular mass, scanning electron microscopy spectra, and color were measured. Cricket chitosan nanoparticles were prepared, and the optimal conditions were identified. The molecular mass of the cricket chitosan was lower than that of commercial chitosan; however, the DA, FTIR, and XRD spectra were similar. The particle size (208.27 ± 3.47 nm), zeta potential (35.72 ± 1.29 mV), and polydispersity index (PDI: 0.27 ± 0.03) of the cricket chitosan NPs were superior to the commercial. Addition of NaCl reduced the cricket chitosan NPs size up to 15.5%. This finding is a novel trial to prove the availability of the insect chitosan with a low molecular mass as an active carrier source.