单机架可逆冷轧带钢表面黑点缺陷原因分析及控制措施

黑斑缺陷严重影响带钢产品的表面质量,针对某单机架可逆冷轧带钢表面黑点缺陷问题,采用取样分析、酸洗实验、乳化液分析、现场质量排查等方法,对其形成原因及控制方法进行了研究。结果表明：黑点缺陷呈毛絮状,向外发散,尺寸范围2～3 mm,打磨、酸洗后基本可以消除;黑点缺陷含质量分数约37%～40%的C元素,约23%的O元素,以及约35%～38%的Fe元素,属于锈蚀缺陷;排烟风机故障是造成黑点锈蚀的原因。提出了增加排烟风机运行与轧机运行的连锁控制、增加排烟管路烟气压力检测装置及报警功能、固定油雾排放系统清理周期,增加备件储存量等改进措施,黑点缺陷得到了有效控制。     

真空气相反应烧结法制备金刚石-碳化硅复合材料

金刚石-碳化硅复合材料具有热导率高、热膨胀系数匹配、轻质、高硬度、物理化学稳定性好等特点,是理想的电子封装材料,因而近年来受到广泛关注。真空气相反应渗透工艺是在真空条件下将蒸气通入预制的多孔基体中发生化学反应,从而获得致密化的复合材料,该工艺具有周期短、效率高、成本低、对设备要求低、近净成形等特点。以酚醛树脂为粘结剂,Si作为渗料,采用真空气相反应渗透工艺制备了金刚石-碳化硅复合材料。讨论了金刚石含量,压制压力和基体孔隙率的关系。通过XRD、SEM等手段分析了材料的物相组成、显微结构以及渗透过程。实验结果表明,材料由金刚石,碳化硅,少量残留硅三相组成,碳化硅在金刚石表面附着,结合比较紧密,材料具有很高的致密度和导热性能。压制压力和孔隙率之间呈现负相关,金刚石含量和孔隙率之间呈现正相关。混合粒径金刚石制备的复合材料中金刚石的含量明显提高,材料的热导率最高达到了620W/(m·K)。     

Structural and mechanical characteristics of porous 316L stainless steel fabricated by indirect selective laser sintering

Selective laser sintering (SLS) technique is capable of rapidly fabricating customized implants with porous structure. A simple encapsulation process was developed to coat 316L stainless steel (316L SS) powder with ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). Subsequently, porous 316L SS was prepared by SLS preforming of EVA-coated metal powders, debinding and sintering in hydrogen atmosphere. The effects of processing parameters on pore characteristics and mechanical properties were analyzed. The results indicate that the porosity of green body mainly depends on laser energy density, while the pore features and mechanical properties of sintered specimens are largely dominated by sintering temperature. After sintering at 1100–1300 °C, the average pore size and porosity are 160–35 μm and 58–28%, respectively. In addition, the elastic modulus and compressive yield strength are 1.58–6.64 GPa and 15.5–52.8 MPa, respectively. It is revealed that the pore structural parameters and mechanical properties of the as-sintered porous 316L SS can be controlled readily to match with those of cancellous bone by modification of SLS processing parameters and subsequent sintering temperature.     

复杂腐蚀缺陷对管道损伤失效的特性研究

腐蚀是危害管道性能和影响运输安全的重要因素。采用有限元软件建立复杂矩形和圆形两类腐蚀缺陷管道模型,通过全尺寸爆破试验数据对模型进行验证。分析复杂矩形腐蚀缺陷的长度比、宽度比、深度比和复杂圆形腐蚀缺陷的半径、深度对管道失效行为的影响,基于数值分析结果对管道完整性进行综合评价。结果表明：模型误差为4.2%~4.6%,低于试验误差;两类复杂腐蚀缺陷区域应力均呈对称分布,环向应力均大于轴向应力;复杂矩形腐蚀缺陷的深度比对失效压力影响最大,宽度比最小;当长度比达到0.5后,管道失效压力稳定在9.5 MPa;复杂圆形腐蚀缺陷的浅腐蚀深度对管道性能影响更为明显;轴向力对管道失效压力影响较小。     

粉末冶金法制备AZ91镁合金的组织及热性能

采用粉末冶金方法制备了AZ91镁合金,研究了烧结温度对合金的致密度和热导率的影响规律,并对烧结样品的物相和显微组织进行了分析.研究发现,AZ91镁合金的最佳烧结温度为610℃,致密度可以达到97.4%,实验条件下所获得的最高热导率可达到63.1W·m^-1·K^-1.X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜结果分析表明,烧结合金组织主要由α-Mg固溶体和β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂相两相组成,其中β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂相表现出离异共晶β相和非连续析出β相两种主要存在形态.     

基于购物网站用户搜索日志的商品词发现

商品词是电子商务领域描述商品的新词。主要介绍基于购物网站用户搜索日志的商品词发现的方法。该方法从搜索日志中提取用户查询,对查询进行分词,采用N元递增分步算法和串频统计,计算候选串的条件概率,选择候选商品词。为了降低人工审核的成本,只对产出商品词的准确率进行评价。利用该方法在手机、面霜和香水三类商品的搜索日志上进行了实验,最高准确率达到92.58%。     

Negative thermal expansion properties of Cu1.5Mg0.5V2O7

Cu_1.5Mg_0.5V₂O₇ was prepared by a solid state method. Its phase, microstructure, thermal expansion property, and Raman spectra were analyzed in detail. Results show that Cu_1.5Mg_0.5V₂O₇ maintains a monoclinic crystal structure and exhibits an excellent linear negative thermal-expansion property with coefficient of thermal expansion of ?8.72?×?10^?6?K^?1 over a wide temperature range of 153–673?K. The mechanism underlying the negative thermal expansion of Cu_1.5Mg_0.5V₂O₇ involves the coupling effect of the tetrahedron caused by the lateral vibration of the bridge oxygen atom and the tensile effect of the tetrahedron, The partial collapse caused by the loss of the oxygen atoms also plays an important role in the mechanism.     

视频关键帧提取的可能性C-模式聚类算法

提出一种视频关键帧提取方法,以可能性C-模式聚类为基础,选用主色调和次色调描述视频图像的特征,从而无需镜头分割即可直接提取视频的关键帧．实验表明,该方法能够根据视频内容的复杂度有效地提取出最具代表性的关键帧,且具有较高的鲁棒性．     

Unveiling the Synergy of Interfacial Contact and Defects in α-Fe2O3 for Enhanced Photo-Electrochemical Water Splitting

Photo-electrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a promising method for converting solar energy into clean energy, but the mechanism of improving PEC efficiency through the interfacial contact and defect strategy remains highly controversial. Herein, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and oxygen vacancies are introduced into α-Fe₂O₃ nanorod (NR) arrays using a simple spin-coating method and acid treatment. The resultant oxygen vacancy–α-Fe₂O₃/rGO-integrated system exhibits a higher photocurrent, four times than the pristine α-Fe₂O₃. It is well evidenced that the electronic interface interaction between α-Fe₂O₃ and rGO is boosted with the oxygen vacancies, facilitating electron transfer from α-Fe₂O₃ to rGO. Moreover, the oxygen vacancies not only create interband states in α-Fe₂O₃ that can trap photogenerated holes and thus facilitate charge separation but significantly also strengthen the adsorption of oxidative intermediates and reduce the energy barrier of rate-determining step during oxygen evolution reaction (OER). This study demonstrates an rGO–oxygen vacancy synergistic interfacial contact and defect modification approach to design semiconducting photocatalysts for high-efficiency solar energy capture and conversion. The generated principle is expected to be extendable to another material system.