A vacuum ultraviolet laser with a submicrometer spot for spatially resolved photoemission spectroscopy

Vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)lasers have demonstrated great potential as the light source for various spectroscopies,which,if they can be focused into a small beam spot,will not only allow investigation of mesoscopic materials and structures but also find application in the manufacture of nano-objects with excellent precision.In this work,we report the construction of a 177 nm VUV laser that can achieve a record-small(〜0.76 μm)focal spot at a long focal length(~45 mm)by using a flat lens without spherical aberration.The size of the beam spot of this VUV laser was tested using a metal grating and exfoliated graphene flakes,and we demonstrated its application in a fluorescence spectroscopy study on pure and Tm3+-doped NaYF4 microcrystals,revealing a new emission band that cannot be observed in the traditional up-conversion process.In addition,this laser system would be an ideal light source for spatially and angleresolved photoemission spectroscopy.     

Nanoscale Calculation of Proton-Induced DNA Damage Using a Chromatin Geometry Model with Geant4-DNA

Monte Carlo simulations can quantify various types of DNA damage to evaluate the biological effects of ionizing radiation at the nanometer scale. This work presents a study simulating the DNA target response after proton irradiation. A chromatin fiber model and new physics constructors with the ELastic Scattering of Electrons and Positrons by neutral Atoms (ELSEPA) model were used to describe the DNA geometry and the physical stage of water radiolysis with the Geant4-DNA toolkit, respectively. Three key parameters (the energy threshold model for strand breaks, the physics model and the maximum distance to distinguish DSB clusters) of scoring DNA damage were studied to investigate the impact on the uncertainties of DNA damage. On the basis of comparison of our results with experimental data and published findings, we were able to accurately predict the yield of various types of DNA damage. Our results indicated that the difference in physics constructor can cause up to 56.4% in the DNA double-strand break (DSB) yields. The DSB yields were quite sensitive to the energy threshold for strand breaks (SB) and the maximum distance to classify the DSB clusters, which were even more than 100 times and four times than the default configurations, respectively.     

旋进旋涡与V锥组合计量气液两相流实验研究

目的解决低渗透气田在井间串联、井口混输计量模式下,单井产气、产液量无法准确计量的技术难题。 方法基于旋进旋涡流量计和V锥流量计的单相计量原理,通过开展空气-水两相流的室内实验,分析了不同运行压力、气液比以及表观气速下单相流量计的混相计量误差变化规律。借助量纲分析法,分别建立了进动频率和压降与相关无量纲准数的关联公式,并采用室内实验数据分别进行了混相条件下的参数修正,利用两种流量计串联组合的方式,提出了一种适用于低含液率的湿气双参数组合计量模型,并采用延安气田现场的实流数据对模型计算精度进行了验证。 结果室内实验时,当湿气体积含液率小于1%时,旋进旋涡进动频率随体积含液率的升高而降低,出现“欠读”现象,而V锥流量计的计量压降随体积含液率的升高而增大,产生“过读”现象。当体积含液率大于1%时,由于气相含液量偏大,造成旋涡进动信号下降规律不明显,从而导致组合计量模型的结果可能出现失真,现场实流测试结果显示,组合计量模型的气相体积流量的平均相对误差为2.029%,液相体积流量的平均相对误差为15.066%,体积含液率的平均绝对误差为 0.059%。 结论旋进旋涡与V锥流量计的组合计量模型在气相含液量较低时,气相和液相的计量精度可满足现场生产需要,且加工设计成本较低,可以为延安气田排水采气井的气液混相计量提供技术支持。      

热处理对V2O5-TiO2复合薄膜表面结构与光学性能的影响

以钛酸丁脂、V2O5粉末为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了V2O5-TiO2复合薄膜,并采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和Uv-vis-nir分光光度计等方法研究了热处理对薄膜性能的影响.结果表明,随热处理温度的升高,复合薄膜中钛离子的价态不变,仍为Ti4 ;而V4 离子逐渐被氧化为V5 离子;并采用氢氧基团、碳氧键与多种钒离子进行叠加拟合,拟合结果与实验曲线非常符合;V2O5-TiO2复合薄膜在紫外光波段的透射率减小,吸收带边出现红移.     

MEMS微型双稳态电磁继电器的设计

本文利用通电平面螺旋线圈产生磁场特点,采用镜像绕制以及并联连接双线圈的方法,研制了一种快速低功耗MEMS微型双稳态继电器结构,其尺寸约为3mm*4.5mm*1.5mm,文中着重分析其工作原理和过程.经过分析,该继电器在通电电流80～120mA时,开关时间约在0.1ms～0.2ms之间,因此,其具有体积小、开关速度快、低功耗等优点,并且易于集成和阵列,适用于能源有限并且可靠性要求高的微型航天器以及便携设备中.     

预钙化加速类骨磷灰石在镍钛合金表面生长的电化学阻抗谱

通过酸碱处理活化NiTi合金表面,在模拟体液中仿生生长类骨磷灰石层以改善其生物相容性.采用电化学阻抗谱研究了预钙化对加速磷灰石沉积的影响,并基于双层模型建立了电子等效电路.结果表明:随着在模拟体液中浸泡时间的延长,化学处理的NiTi合金表面类骨磷灰石不断生长,并且添加预钙化试样浸泡3 d,即可在合金表面生长出均匀完整的类骨磷灰石层,而未预钙化试样表面沉积物稀少.对应电子等效电路中,预钙化试样电阻值明显大于未预钙化试样的,显示预钙化促进了活化NiTi合金表面类骨磷灰石的生长.     

基于免疫的动态垃圾邮件过滤研究

本文基于生物免疫系统防御机制,探讨了将人工免疫原理应用于垃圾邮件过滤系统(IDSFS),通过动态生成垃圾邮件疫苗,提高系统的检出率.另外,针对传统邮件过滤系统存在的错误肯定率、错误否定率等不足及用户对邮件个性化处理的要求,引入用户反馈机制,使得系统精确率、正确率进一步提高.实验结果表明,该系统具有较强的自学习、自适应能力.     

某商住楼两种不同空调方案的能耗分析

采用BIN能耗分析的方法,对天津市某一商住楼空调系统的两种不同方案进行能耗分析,比较两种系统在能源消耗上的差别,并提出了系统节能改造建议。     

基于马尔可夫决策过程的网格资源发现

传统的网格资源发现方法没有考虑节点和资源本身性能的优劣性。针对这一问题,提出了基于马尔可夫决策过程(MDP)的网格资源发现方法,利用其对固定目标的最优搜索理论建立MDP模型实现报酬最优的资源发现,并对该模型仿真分析,验证其性能。     

一种新型的适应于MANET的基于移动代理的对等入侵检测系统

移动自组织网络(Mobile Ad hoc Networks,MANET)是一种开放性的媒介系统,从而很容易受到黑客的入侵.提出了一种有效的适应于MANET的入侵检测系统,叫做MAPIDS(Mobile Agent-based Peer-to-peer Intrusion Detection System).该系统一旦发现网络中的可疑行为,就会引发一次集体投票过程,以确定该可疑行为是否是入侵行为,并根据投票结果作出相应的进一步处理.相比于其他同样基于集体决策机制的入侵检测系统,MAPIDS节省了更多的网络带宽和电池能耗,并且该系统不存在稀疏节点问题.