MongoDB在水资源在线监测数据处理中的应用

随着水资源在线监测系统的广泛运用,对海量数据的存储和处理需求日益增长。介绍了MongoDB文档型数据库的功能及其特点,提出了MongoDB在水资源在线监测数据处理时的云存储思路和处理策略,能较好地解决水资源在线监测云数据存储和提取的问题。     

阳宗海流域冬季典型农村污水污染特征及水质评价

为揭示阳宗海流域不同类型农村污水各污染指标的影响因素和分布特征,选取云南省的海晏村(传统型)和大营村(集镇型)的污水进行水样采集,通过方差分析研究其不同污染指标的浓度变化以及不同类型农村污水水质的差异性,并运用主成分分析法对污水进行水质评价。结果表明:阳宗海流域海晏村污水中的TN、COD均明显超过了城镇污水处理厂污染物排放二级标准,大营村的TP、TN、COD均明显超过了二级标准;pH值与氧化还原电位都是农村污水中污染物浓度的重要影响因子;两村的水质具有显著的差异性;传统型农村的水质比集镇型农村的要好,说明对阳宗海流域造成污染风险更大的是集镇型农村污水。     

Dielectric Relaxation of La3+-Modified Bi3TiNbO9 Aurivillius Phase Ceramics

Single Aurivillius phase Bi_{3− x} La _x TiNbO₉ (LBTN- x , x =0.00, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00) ceramics were prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction method. When x ≤0.50, the ceramics are normal ferroelectrics, while LBTN-0.75 and LBTN-1.00 showed typical relaxor behavior, which could probably be attributed to the disordering induced by the La³⁺ partly substituting for Bi³⁺ in Bi₂O₂ layers. The dielectric relaxation of LBTN-0.75 and LBTN-1.00 were fitted using the Vögel–Fulcher relationship, and the results suggest that both of them are analogous to a spin glass with thermally activated polarization fluctuations above a freezing temperature.     

PMN-PZT压电陶瓷的凝胶注模研究

对三元系PMN—PZT压电陶瓷的凝胶注模成形工艺进行了研究,重点讨论了分散剂加入量、pH值、球磨时间与注模浆料流变之间的关系,当分散剂用量为0 .95 %～1 .0 5 % ,pH值为10 .5～11 .5 ,球磨时间为8h时,可以制备出固相含量为5 5 % ,粘度小于1Pa·s的PMN -PZT压电陶瓷悬浮体。将凝胶注模与传统模压成形工艺制备的样品进行了比较,通过扫描电镜(SEM )显微形貌分析和电学性能测定。结果表明:凝胶注模工艺制备的样品与模压工艺制备的样品相比较,其显微结构均匀致密、晶粒大小与晶界分布均匀,气孔率更小,电学性能更均匀。     

γ-Al2O3载体制备中水洗脱氯工艺的连续化

通过正交实验，研究了γ-Al₂O₃载体制备中拟薄水铝石水洗的连续化。方差分析表明，第一阶段洗水的pH是影响脱氯效果的关键因素，初步得出水洗连续化的优化条件。与国内外传统的间歇式水洗相比，收率从80%提高到99.7%，所需洗水量仅为原来的1/3，而处理500 kg物料的生产周期也从10 h缩短到2～3 h。     

Influence of the synthesis conditions on the curing behavior of phenol–urea–formaldehyde resol resins

The curing behavior of synthesized phenol–urea–formaldehyde (PUF) resol resins with various formaldehyde/urea/phenol ratios was studied with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The results indicated that the synthesis parameters, including the urea content, formaldehyde/phenol ratio, and pH value, had a combined effect on the curing behavior. The pH value played an important role in affecting the shape of the DSC curing curves, the activation energy, and the reaction rate constant. Depending on the pH value, one or two peaks could appear in the DSC curve. The activation energy was lower when pH was below 11. The reaction rate constant increased with an increase in the pH value at both low and high temperatures. The urea content and formaldehyde/phenol ratio had no significant influence on the activation energy and rate constant. DMA showed that both the gel point and tan δ peak temperature (T_tanδ) had the lowest values in the mid‐pH range for the PUF resins. A different trend was observed for the phenol–formaldehyde resin without the urea component. Instead, the gel point and T_tanδ decreased monotonically with an increase in the pH value. For the PUF resins, a high urea content or a low formaldehyde/phenol ratio resulted in a high gel point. The effect of the urea content on T_tanδ was bigger than that on the gel point because of the reversible reaction associated with the urea component. Too much formaldehyde could lead to more reversible reactions and a higher T_tanδ value. The effects of the synthesis conditions on the rigidity of the cured network were complex for the PUF resins. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 1368–1375, 2005     

A high propylene productivity over B2O3/SiO2@honeycomb cordierite catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane

Boron-based metal-free catalysts for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane (ODHP) have drawn great attention in both academia and industry due to their impressive activity and olefin selectivity. Herein, the SiO₂ and B₂O₃ sequentially coated honeycomb cordierite catalyst is designed by a two-step wash-coat method with different B₂O₃ loadings (0.1%–10%) and calcination temperatures (600, 700, 800 °C). SiO₂ obtained by TEOS hydrolysis acts as a media layer to bridge the cordierite substrate and boron oxide via abundant SiOH groups. The well-developed straight channels of honeycomb cordierite make it possible to carry out the reactor under high gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) and the thin wash-coated B₂O₃ layer can effectively facilitate the pore diffusion on the catalyst. The prepared B₂O₃/SiO₂@HC monolithic catalyst exhibits good catalytic performance at low boron oxide loading and achieves excellent propylene selectivity (86.0%), olefin selectivity (97.6%, propylene and ethylene) and negligible CO₂ (0.1%) at 16.9% propane conversion under high GHSV of 345,600 ml·(g B₂O₃)⁻¹·h⁻¹, leading to a high propylene space time yield of 15.7 g C₃H₆·(g B₂O₃)⁻¹·h⁻¹ by suppressing the overoxidation. The obtained results strongly indicate that the boron-based monolithic catalyst can be properly fabricated to warrant the high activity and high throughput with its high gas/surface ratio and straight channels.     

Synthesis and characterization of copolythiophene

Copolythiophenes (Co‐PTs), poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐co‐3‐thiophene carboxylic acid) (P3HT‐TCa), poly(3‐hexyloxylthiophene‐co‐3‐thiophene carboxylic acid) (P3HOT‐TCa), and poly(3‐phenylthiophene‐co‐3‐thiophene carboxylic acid) (P3PhT‐TCa), were synthesized by chemical oxidized polymerization to investigate the effect of copolymerization on the properties of polythiophenes (PTs). Gel permeation chromatography showed that the molecular weight (MW) of Co‐PT was lower than that of homopolythiophene. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra indicated that the copolymerization was successful between the monomers. The λ_max of Co‐PTs gave a “blue shift” in ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐VIS) spectra. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra showed that the PL intensity of Co‐PT became weaker than that of homopolythiophene and the disappearance of PL had been observed in P3HOT‐TCa. The thermal stability of Co‐PT was influenced by the carboxyl for its low decomposition temperature. Furthermore, the copolymerization between multi‐wall carbon nanotube containing thiophene ring (MWNT‐Th) and 3‐hexyloxylthiphene could also take place successfully. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

N-甲基乙酰氧基乙酰苯胺的液谱分析

本文研究了高效液相色谱测定N－甲基乙酰氧基乙酰苯胺的方法。采用Hypersil C18柱，以甲醇：水＝60：40（V／V）为流动相。该方法的变异系数为0．43％，回收率为98．9％－100．6％。     

A multipurpose audio aggregation watermarking based on multistage vector quantization

Watermarking technology can achieve multipurpose such as copyright protection, copy protection, and integrity authentication. We propose a novel watermarking approach which involves robust watermark and fragile watermark in a two-stage quantization technique. Traditional watermarking algorithms mostly have poor performance in imperceptibility as the codeword selected from the modified codebook is not optimal. In our method, we select the codeword in the original codebook to ensure optimality. Furthermore, we use Huffman encoding to pick up property which is sensitive to many attacks in the entire aggregation. For copyright protection, the proposed scheme can resist attacks such as lossy compression, noise addition, and normalization. As for content authentication, the proposed scheme is sensitive to various attacks provided by Stirmark Benchmark for Audio. Experimental results show that the proposed method can be used respectively for protecting the copyright and authenticating the integrity of the audio aggregation.