Purification and renaturation of recombinant human lymphotoxin (tumour necrosis factor beta) expressed in Escherichia coli as inclusion bodies

High level expression of recombinant human tumour necrosis factor β (rh TNF-β) in Escherichia coli results in the formation of two portions of protein, namely soluble active protein and insoluble protein which is inactive and aggregates in the form of inclusion bodies (IBs). In this study, a procedure for purification and renaturation of rh TNF-β from inclusion bodies has been designed and verified experimentally with a product purity of more than 90% and a recovery of about 30%. The procedure includes washing of IBs with specific wash buffer (Triton X-100/EDTA/lysozyme/PMSF), their solubilization with 8 mol dm^?3 alkaline urea, purification with ion-exchange columns, refolding with renaturation buffer and finally concentration and desalination with an ultrafiltration membrane. The characteristics of the renatured protein were identical with those of purified protein from the soluble fraction as demonstrated by (1) SDS-PAGE, (2) cytotoxic activity on mouse L929 cells, (3) N-terminal amino acid sequence, and (4) gel filtration chromatography.     

纸张用有机硅抗水剂的制备

采用氨基硅油、十二烷基三甲氧基硅烷、甲基三乙氧基硅烷配成11种抗水剂,用于纸张的抗水处理.通过渗透法和接触角法测试发现,有机硅抗水剂对实验选择的9种纸张均有明显的抗水效果;其中采用氨基硅油配制的抗水剂效果最好,经其处理的生宣纸与空白样相比,接触角由完全润湿提高到125°,渗透时间由0提高到18 s.最佳应用工艺为:将氨基硅油配制成质量分数为2.041%的甲苯溶液,按照10g/m2的涂布量喷涂于纸张表面,自然晾干3～5天至恒定质量.     

保山气田新近系羊邑组二-三段沉积微相

保山盆地为滇西的一个具西断东超箕状断陷结构的新近系小型盆地。为搞清区内保山气田的沉积特征，指导该区油气勘探工作，结合沉积岩（物）与沉积环境之间的辩证关系，通过对沉积岩的岩性特征（颜色、岩石类型、岩石结构、黏土矿物、岩相组合）的分析研究，借助于沉积相在测井和地震剖面上的显著特征，研究并划分了保山气田新近系上新统羊邑组二-三段的沉积微相类型。结果表明，在该研究区主要发育了扇三角洲前缘亚相中的水下分流河道、分流河道间、前缘席状砂、河口坝等沉积微相类型，以及浅湖亚相中的浅湖泥和浅湖漫流席状砂沉积微相。剖析各类骨架微相的沉积特征后指出：水下分流河道、河口坝和前缘席状砂为该区最有利的储集砂体。     

Periodic surface modeling for computer aided nano design

Current solid and surface modeling methods based on Euclidean geometry in traditional computer aided design are not efficient in constructing a large number of atoms and particles. In this paper, we propose a periodic surface model for computer aided nano design such that geometry of atoms and molecules can be constructed parametrically. At the molecular scale, periodicity of the model allows thousands of particles to be built efficiently. At the meso scale, inherent porosity of the model represents natural morphology of polymer and macromolecule. Surface and volume operations are defined to support crystal and molecular model creation with loci and foci periodic surfaces. The ultimate goal is to enable computer assisted material and system design at atomic, molecular, and meso scales.     

En/Decoder for Spectral Phase-Coded OCDMA System Based on Amplitude Sampled FBG

A novel en/decoder for spectral phase-coded optical code-division multiple-access system based on amplitude sampled fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is proposed. Both equivalent chirp and equivalent phase shift are achieved by amplitude sampling. Compared with previous en/decoder based on step chirped FBG, it is easier to fabricate. The performance of the proposed en/decoder is verified by both numerical simulation and experimental demonstration.     

Lactic acid production from dining‐hall food waste by Lactobacillus plantarum using response surface methodology

BACKGROUND: Food waste generally has a high starch content and is rich in nutritional compounds, including lipids and proteins. It therefore represents a potential renewable resource. In this study, dining‐hall food waste was used as a substrate for lactic acid production, and response surface methodology was employed to optimise the fermentation conditions. RESULTS: Lactic acid biosynthesis was significantly affected by the interaction of protease and temperature. Protease, temperature and CaCO₃ had significant linear effects on lactic acid production, while α‐amylase and yeast extract had insignificant effects. The optimal conditions were found to be an α‐amylase activity of 13.86 U g^?1 dried food waste, a protease activity of 2.12 U g^?1 dried food waste, a temperature of 29.31 °C and a CaCO₃ concentration of 62.67 g L^?1, which resulted in a maximum lactic acid concentration of 98.51 g L^?1 (88.75% yield). An increase in inoculum size would be appropriate for accelerating the depletion of initial soluble carbohydrate to enhance the efficiency of α‐amylase in dining‐hall food waste fermentation. CONCLUSION: A suitable regression model for lactic acid production was developed based on the experimental results. Dining‐hall food waste was found to be a good substrate for lactic acid fermentation with high product yield and without nutrient supplementation. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry