M2+-树:一种支持医学病例多度量空间检索的高效索引

由于从病例库中进行病例的相似性检索关系到能否提供给医生充分且正确的候选病例,因此如何高效、准确地实现影像病例的相似性检索是学术界和医学界的研究热点之一.迄今为止,很多文献提出了用于提高查询精度的检索策略,但涉及检索效率的文章还为之甚少.基于此,提出了一种融多种度量空间相似性计算于一体的M2+-树高维索引技术.该索引将病例中的文本和影像合成一个高维多特征向量,该向量在度量空间上将数据空间划分成若干子空间,并借助关键向量对划分后的数据子空间再进行向量空间上的二次划分.关键向量的无重叠划分和三角不等式过滤原理可以加快病例的检索速度.总之,在度量和向量空间上的两次数据划分使得M2+-索引树大大减少了待查询病例与数据库病例间的不必要相似性计算的次数,从而加快了相似性病例的检索速度.实验结果表明,M2+-树的性能优于典型的度量空间多特征索引代表M2-树的性能.     

Product-cost modelling approach for the development of a decision support system for optimal roofing material selection

Selection of optimal roofing materials is very important but it is a complex and onerous task as varieties of materials are available for housing roof construction. In order to select suitable materials, an extensive range of criteria would need to be considered. This paper presents the framework and the development of a knowledge-based decision support system for material selection implemented in roofing material selection domain, called ‘Knowledge-based Decision Support system for roofing Material Selection and cost estimating’ (KDSMS). It was developed to facilitate the selection of optimal materials for different roof sub elements. The system consists of a database and knowledge base that is equipped with an inference engine. The former is used to store different types of roofing materials with assigned attribute values. The later is used to hold qualitative and quantitative knowledge which were collected from domain experts and other technical literatures such as building regulations, price guide book and product catalogues. The proposed system employs the TOPSIS (Technique of ranking Preferences by Similarity to the Ideal Solution) multiple criteria decision making method to solve materials selection and optimisation problem. This study utilised the available roofing materials in the UK housing market in developing the system reported. The main contribution of the developed system is that it provides a tool for the architects, quantity surveyors or self house builder to select optimal materials from a wide array of possibilities for different roof sub elements and also to estimate the conceptual cost for the roof element in the early stage of building design.     

试析供热管网设计与施工技术

要想让供热管网更好地发挥作用,就必须按照规范做好设计和施工工作。文章结合供热管网运用的实际情况,探讨分析了设计与施工技术,主要包括地沟管网敷设、直埋管网敷设,指出了设计方式方法和具体的施工技术,并提出了需要注意的问题,希望能够为供热管网设计和施工提供借鉴与参考。     

废弃聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料在保温隔热材料中的应用研究

以废弃发泡聚苯乙烯(EPS)颗粒为轻骨料,水泥和粉煤灰为胶结材,纤维和高分子粘结剂为辅助材料制备了新型建筑保温隔热材料.重点研究了EPS颗粒的掺量、水泥与粉煤灰的质量比对复合材料的导热系数、抗压强度等的影响.研究结果表明,影响保温隔热材料导热系数的主要因素是聚苯乙烯颗粒的掺量,其次是水泥与粉煤灰的质量比;当水泥与粉煤灰的质量比为2.5,EPS颗粒掺量为12.5％时,保温砂浆的导热系数最低为0.057 W/(m·K),抗压强度达到0.32 MPa.     

10-K-302C往复压缩机润滑油管路振动数值模拟分析和优化设计

新疆某石化公司的10-K-302C离心式甲烷制冷压缩机自开机以来,其润滑油管线振动位移一直较大,运用Workbench有限元软件对空管系统进行模态分析,获得管道的固有频率和振型;采用双向流-固耦合的数值模拟方法,分析对比了润滑油在耦合时的压力、速度变化及管道耦合前后的振动频率、位移变化规律;通过将数值模拟振动分析结果与实际管路实测振动结果对比,肯定了数值模拟分析的准确性,得出了共振和管内流体速度在管道弯头处突变而造成瞬间激振力过大是管道振动主要原因的基本结论;依据上述结论,对管路系统进行了减振控制,设计后的数值模拟分析表明,管系振动大幅减少,满足工业化生产要求。     

基于响应面法的碳酸钠活化铜尾矿胶凝性能机制研究

为了有效激发铜尾矿活性制备性能良好的胶凝材料,以铜尾矿为主要原材料,水玻璃和NaOH为碱激发剂,采用响应面优化法开展胶凝材料配比优化实验,并通过方差分析以及三维曲图研究自变量及其交互作用对28d抗压强度的影响;利用XRD、SEM、FT-IR、TG-DTG等对试样的矿相成分、微观形貌等特征进行分析。结果表明：通过优化实验获得最优配比为碳酸钠掺量50%、氢氧化钠掺量1%、水玻璃掺量22g/100g,此参数下铜尾矿胶凝材料28d抗压强度为30.41MPa。经过机械球磨40min后,碳酸钠在适当的碱性环境下使铜尾矿的活性激发到较佳状态,铜尾矿经水化反应生成了大量结晶度较高的C-S-H凝胶与棱柱状钙钒石等水化产物,彼此相互连接构成网状结构,使胶凝材料保持较高的强度性能。     

玻璃钢/钢复合结构带式舟桥方舟的制作工艺

根据玻璃钢和钢材这两种材料的优点及现行带式舟桥的结构特点,论述了采用玻璃钢/钢复合结构研制新型带式舟桥的构想。以带式舟桥方舟模型的制作为例,提出了实现上述构想的工艺设计方案,并详细阐述了以手糊成型为主的制作工艺。研究结果表明,玻璃钢/钢复合结构带式舟桥的制作工艺方便、可行,经试验验证,结果可靠,对促进玻璃钢在舟桥器材中的应用具有指导意义。     

硝酸装置"四合一"机组仪表控制系统存在的问题及改造措施

介绍了硝酸装置国产"四合一"机组仪表控制系统存在的问题、原因及整治方案。整治措施实施后,因仪表原因引起的机组非计划停车次数明显减少,仪表问题得到彻底根治。     

Discovery of SARS-CoV-2 3CLPro Peptidomimetic Inhibitors through the Catalytic Dyad Histidine-Specific Protein–Ligand Interactions

As the etiological agent for the coronavirus disease 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) challenges the ongoing efforts of vaccine development and drug design. Due to the accumulating cases of breakthrough infections, there are urgent needs for broad-spectrum antiviral medicines. Here, we designed and examined five new tetrapeptidomimetic anti-SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors targeting the 3C-Like protease (3CL^Pro), which is highly conserved among coronaviruses and essential for viral replications. We significantly improved the efficacy of a ketoamide lead compound based on high-resolution co-crystal structures, all-atom simulations, and binding energy calculations. The inhibitors successfully engaged the catalytic dyad histidine residue (H41) of 3CLPro as designed, and they exhibited nanomolar inhibitory capacity as well as mitigated the viral loads of SARS-CoV-2 in cellular assays. As a widely applicable design principle, our results revealed that the potencies of 3CL^Pro-specific drug candidates were determined by the interplay between 3CL^Pro H41 residue and the peptidomimetic inhibitors.     

基于CFD-DEM方法的净化器流场模拟与结构优化

针对空气净化器能耗高的问题,使用离散元方法(DEM)在吸附滤网中建立随机堆积柱形活性炭模型,采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法对空气净化器内部流场进行数值模拟,在模拟与实验验证的基础上,考察了压降最小、流场最均匀的吸附滤网结构。结果表明,空气净化器压降主要发生在轴向,活性炭吸附滤网中回流、沟流现象严重,流体阻力是其他两种滤网的3倍。边数对多边形填充孔结构吸附滤网内压降与流场均匀性无影响,当孔结构改为圆形时,压降减小约52 Pa,节能18.4%(49 W);当孔直径由8 mm增至12 mm,压降减小约48 Pa,节能19.4%(45 W);滤网间距对空气净化器压降无影响,圆形、小孔径的吸附滤网内流场最均匀。