中国移动广东生产调度中心节能技术研究与应用

对原设计方案进行了优化研究,主要包括空调冷热源、空调通风系统和太阳能应用,分析了节能环保效益.     

鸡蛋液发酵条件对蛋挞营养和风味的影响

利用乳酸乳球菌（Lactococcus lactis）、嗜热链球菌（Streptococcus thermophilus）和梅利斯丛梗孢酵母（Moniliella mellis）为发酵剂,采用单因素和正交试验设计,研究发酵剂接种量、发酵时间和发酵温度对蛋挞风味和质构的影响规律,得到最优发酵工艺条件为接种量2%、发酵温度42 ℃、发酵时间42 h,此条件下制备的蛋挞外形完整、无裂缝,蛋挞芯凝固成型、色泽亮黄,甜度适中,品质最佳。质构测定结果显示,最优条件下其硬度为87.8 g,黏附力为18.3 g,黏结性为74.3 g·mm,凝胶强度为730.6 g·mm。营养成分分析显示, 经过发酵后蛋液粗蛋白呈下降趋势,氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸质量分数由7.55%、3.26%和3.08%分别提高至9.13%、4.01%和5.15%,蛋液由中性（pH 7.6）转为弱酸性（pH 5.1）。利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术进行风味分析,显示发酵蛋液及其制备的风味蛋挞挥发性物质分别为24 种和46 种,未发酵蛋液及其制备的普通蛋挞挥发物质分别为15 种和31 种。发酵蛋挞特征风味成分主要为己醛、壬醛、乙偶姻、丁酰乳酸丁酯、2,5-二甲基吡嗪,呈现独特的芳香风味。本研究利用蛋液发酵手段制备蛋挞的风味与营养更加丰富,为发酵蛋制品在烘焙食品中的应用提供一定理论基础。     

含水率对油包水乳状液流变和析蜡特性分析

以含蜡原油和纯净水为工质,制备了多组不同微观液滴分布的W/O型乳状液,结合微观显微镜和聚焦光束测量仪观察及测量分析,得出了乳状液分散相液滴的大小和分布规律,探讨了油包水乳状液分散相液滴分布规律对乳状液流变、析蜡特性的影响机理。结果表明,随含水率的增大,油水乳状液体系将有更高的表观黏度,屈服应力、凝点和析蜡点也随之增大,恒应力表现出逐渐减小的趋势。大庆含蜡原油的转相点为含水率60%左右。     

硝酸镧对大鼠免疫功能影响

目的探讨硝酸镧对大鼠免疫的影响。方法将160只SPF级断乳大鼠随机分为两批,每批80只并随机分为对照、低、中、高剂量组,每组20只,雌雄各半,于出生后第24天开始灌胃给予硝酸镧溶液,剂量分别为0、2、20、60 mg/kg BW。出生后第51天对第一批大鼠进行主要脏器重量及脏体比、外周血淋巴细胞分型以及血清细胞因子的检测,出生后第54天对第二批大鼠进行脾T、B淋巴细胞增殖及脾脏抗体生成细胞的测定。结果与对照组比较,雌雄大鼠硝酸镧各剂量组周体质量和终体质量均差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。雄性大鼠高剂量组肾脏绝对重量和相对重量高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);雌性大鼠低剂量组脑绝对重量和相对重量均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。雄性大鼠高剂量组自然杀伤细胞数低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且存在剂量-反应关系;与对照组比较,雄性大鼠低剂量组CD4/CD8比值升高,雌性大鼠T细胞数增加、B细胞数降低,均差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论本试验条件下硝酸镧对大鼠具有免疫毒性作用,基于免疫毒性测试终点,其免疫毒性作用的基准剂量下限为8.10 mg/kg BW。     

球磨、超声和盐酸处理对几丁质的微观结构和酶促脱乙酰效率的影响

几丁质是地球上第二丰富的天然多糖,可经过脱乙酰生成壳聚糖。但是,其结晶度高、溶解性差,使其酶促脱乙酰效率很低。为研究不同处理对几丁质的微观结构和酶促脱乙酰效率的影响,本实验分别对几丁质进行了球磨、超声和盐酸改性处理。首先确定球磨和超声改性的最佳条件;然后使用傅里叶变换红外光谱、元素分析、X射线衍射、热重-差示扫描量热法和扫描电子显微镜对改性几丁质的微观结构进行表征;最后测定红球菌11-3的几丁质脱乙酰酶对改性几丁质的脱乙酰效率。结果表明,球磨和超声改性的最佳条件分别为1 800 r/min、45 min和400 W、45 min。3种几丁质改性方法中,球磨几丁质改性效果最好,与原几丁质相比,黏均分子质量降低了88.14%;几丁质分子间氢键网络被破坏,部分糖苷键断裂;脱乙酰度有所增加;结晶度由96.30%降低至73.04%;热稳定性被破坏;结构呈现堆叠现象,变得疏松多孔。此外,几丁质脱乙酰酶对球磨几丁质的脱乙酰效率更高,乙酸产量较原几丁质提高了2.40倍。综上,球磨处理可以更有效地改变天然几丁质的理化性质和微观结构,从而提高几丁质的酶促脱乙酰效率。     

Ordering Method and Empirical Study on Multiple Factor Sensitivity of Group Social Attitudes Based on Entropy Theory

When studying the various factors affecting a group’s social attitudes, minor changes in a factor will easily cause changes to other factors due to their association and relevance to each other; therefore, such a factor is more sensitive, although there is a difference between sensitivity and importance. In order to comprehensively learn about the influence of multiple factors, explorations based on entropy theory have been conducted to determine the sensitivity of each factor, to specify the difference between the frequency and sensitivity priority of entropy theory, and to provide a method, a way of thinking, and a detailed basis for the resolution of actual problems.     

A Temperature‐Responsive Boronate Core Cross‐Linked Star (CCS) Polymer for Fast and Highly Efficient Enrichment of Glycoproteins

Fast and highly efficient enrichment and separation of glycoproteins is essential in many biological applications, but the lack of materials with high capture capacity, fast, and efficient enrichment/separation makes it a challenge. Here, a temperature‐responsive core cross‐linked star (CCS) polymer with boronate affinity is reported for fast and efficient enriching and separating of glycoproteins from biological samples. The temperature‐responsive CCS polymers containing boronic acid in its polymeric arms and poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) in its cross‐linked core are prepared using reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer polymerization via an “arm‐first” methodology. The soluble boronate polymeric arms of the CCS polymers provide a homogeneous reaction system and facilitate interactions between boronic acid and glycoproteins, which leads to a fast binding/desorption speed and high capture capacity. Maximum binding capacity of the prepared CCS polymer for horseradish peroxidase is determined to be 210 mg g^?1, which can be achieved within 20 min. More interestingly, the temperature‐responsive CCS polymers exhibit rapid reversible thermal‐induced volume phase transition by increasing the temperature from 15 to 30 °C, resulting in a facile and convenient sample collection and recovery for the target glycoproteins. Finally, the temperature‐responsive CCS polymer is successfully applied to enrichment of low abundant glycoproteins.     

盖包法生产球墨铸铁的几点注意事项

根据盖包法生产特性及工艺，分别从可操作性、铁液定量、密封性、反应空间和铁液流五个方面进行了总结，并针对盖包法在我国的应用，根据现场经验提出了相应改进措施，旨在提高盖包法球化处理效果，使盖包球化处理法在国内推广。     

A compact design scheme of adaptive output-feedback control for uncertain nonlinear systems

Multiple uncertainties/noises, frequently exist in a plant, usually require multiple compensation techniques, which renders feedback controllers highly dynamic and nonlinear. This motivates us to search for a compact design scheme of compensation to reduce the complexity of controllers. In this paper, global output-feedback stabilisation is investigated for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with unknown unmeasured states-dependent growth and input matching uncertainty. To solve the problem, a compact scheme is proposed to design a global adaptive output-feedback controller, which combines the technique of dynamic gain and extended state observer together. Particularly, only one dynamic gain, rather than two dynamic gains, is introduced to deal with the unknown polynomial-of-output growth rate, which makes our controller to have lower dynamics than those in the related works. Moreover, the input matching uncertainty is asymptotically estimated by the extended state observer, and thus its effect is well counteracted. It is shown that, under the designed controller, the system states globally converge to zero. A simulation example on non-zero set-point regulation demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

退火条件对磁控溅射MgO-Ag3Sb-Sb2O4柔性薄膜热电性能的影响

MgAgSb是一种具有潜力且元素储量相对丰富的室温热电材料, 有望用于构建高性能可穿戴温差电池。本研究尝试在聚酰亚胺(PI)基底上磁控溅射制备MgAgSb薄膜, 并系统研究退火条件对其热电性能的影响。结果表明样品未形成纯相的MgAgSb柔性热电薄膜, 而是形成了由Ag₃Sb、MgO及Sb₂O₄多相组成的柔性薄膜, 其中Ag₃Sb起主要热电功能。不同气氛退火可以显著提升MgO-Ag₃Sb-Sb₂O₄ (Mg-Ag-Sb)柔性薄膜的热电性能, 其中真空处理性能最佳。在真空条件下, 随着退火温度升高, 柔性薄膜的热电性能呈现先增加后减少的趋势, 当退火温度为573 K时热电性能最佳, 室温附近功率因子达到74.16 μW∙m^-1∙K^-2。并且, 薄膜表现出较好的柔性, 弯曲900次后, 电导率仅变化了14%。本研究为MgAgSb柔性热电薄膜的制备及可穿戴应用提供了参考。