Microscopic mechanism of imprint in hafnium oxide-based ferroelectrics

Hafnia-based ferroelectrics have greatly revived the field of ferroelectric memory(FeRAM),but certain reliability issues must be satisfactorily resolved before ...     

静载作用下土工格栅加筋防护埋地管道力学性能的实验研究

 针对土工格栅加筋防护埋地管道开展了静力载荷实验,研究管周填土相对密实度(Dr)、管道埋深(H)、筋材长度(L)和层数(n),以及首层筋材埋深(u)等对埋地管道防护性能的影响。实验结果表明：首层筋材最佳埋深为0.4B(加载板宽),筋材最佳铺设长度为4D(管道外径),筋材层数以3～4层为宜;同等条件下随着Dr持续增加,管道极限承载力增加,加载板沉降相应减少,且二者变化率明显降低,表明管周土相对松散时加筋效果愈加明显;同等条件下管道水平和竖向径向变形均随地表载荷增加而增加,且竖直径向比水平径向变形略大,通过增加筋材层数能显著提高土体刚度,能有效地分散管道上方载荷,为管道提供减载保护;管道外壁监测点环向应变值位于－1.5%～1.0%之间,顶部以压缩变形为主,其两侧45°处为压缩和拉伸变形过渡区,而水平径向以拉伸变形为主;随着Dr增加,管周环向应变减小,且应变的对称性愈加显著,表明因Dr增加引起土体自身刚度增加,能有效地限制管道移动及变形。     

A review on water extraction from air

综述了空气取水的基本研究现状,对可用于空气取水的固体吸附剂、液体吸收剂、复合吸湿材料以及新型吸湿技术等各类吸湿材料的研究现状和发展趋势进行了详细的讨论,并对冷却结露式取水方法与吸湿/解吸式取水方法的能源利用方式进行了讨论和比较。在此基础上,对采用吸湿/解吸方法同时合理利用太阳能和余热来取水的研究前景进行了展望。     

许家山矿区铅锌银多金属矿矿床地质特征

许家山矿区铅锌银多金属矿,属与岩浆岩有关的中温热液裂隙充填型铅锌银多金属矿床,主矿体为Ⅱ矿体,长1300m,平均厚度2.94m。单矿体可达中型规模。主矿产为铅,共生矿产有锌、银。由于Ⅱ矿体尚未完成控制,Ⅰ、Ⅲ矿脉因工作程度不够,尚有较大找矿潜力。因此,该区具良好的找矿远景。     

MTA防窜固井技术原理及现场应用分析

泥饼仿地成凝饼(MTA)法防窜固井,是针对MTC固井技术的不足、为更好地提高固井二界面胶结质量而提出的新技术。该方法是钻开封固段前50~200 m,在钻井液中加入0.5%~3.0%的泥饼改性剂并维持该比例至完井,固井时以凝饼形成剂为基础配置3~4 m3前置液,注入该前置液后随之注入水泥浆,不改变油井水泥浆体系,但对钻井液泥饼进行了处理。其整体固化胶结机理是,用凝饼形成剂对泥饼界面进行修饰、处理并使其与泥饼改性剂初步反应生成凝饼胶结物,再逐渐形成致密凝饼。为了验证MTA方法的实际固井效果,在大庆油田、胜利油田和河南油田的23口老区调整井(常规油井16口,稠油井7口)中进行了现场应用。应用结果表明,固井一、二界面质量合格率100%,其中大庆油田应用井固井质量优质率和合格率分别提高13.01百分点和1.15百分点,胜利油田应用井固井二界面质量合格率提高约30百分点,河南油田应用井平均总井段优质率达到90.48%。      

Solute hydrogen effects on plastic deformation mechanisms of α-Fe with twist grain boundary

The deformation mechanisms in the α-Fe twist bi-crystals (TBCs) containing differently angled twist grain boundaries (TGBs) are investigated carefully using the molecular dynamics modeling, with especial concerns on how solute hydrogen affects them. The results show that there are three main deformations in the TBCs, i.e. the dislocation glide-dominated mechanism, the twining-dominated mechanism, the dislocation glide and twining co-dominated mechanism, depending upon both the twist angle and the loading direction. In the dislocation glide-dominated TBCs, solute hydrogen increases the dislocation nucleation strength, dislocation mobility and dislocation density, further increases the vacancies concentration due to frequent interactions of solute hydrogen atoms with dislocations. In the dislocation glide and twining co-dominated TBCs, the solute hydrogen has weaker effect on the increase of dislocations density and the decrease of twins fraction with increasing tensile strain. However, in the twining-dominated TBCs, solute hydrogen assists the deformation twinning but doesn't increase significantly the vacancies concentration. So, it seems that twinning deformation is beneficial to resist hydrogen embrittlement (HE). These knowledge is helpful for us to understand the HE mechanism and develop new hydrogen-resistant high-strength materials.     

甲烷/丙烷在氧化铁表面还原NO的红外原位研究*

利用漫反射红外傅里叶变换光谱仪(DRIFTS)对甲烷/丙烷在氧化铁表面还原NO的反应进行了原位研究,分析了不同气体在氧化铁表面的吸附特点以及在有O_2条件下甲烷/丙烷还原NO的中间产物生成特性。结果表明,氧化铁对NO有着较好的吸附能力,NO能够以不同桥式硝酸盐与硝基的形式吸附于氧化铁表面。这些吸附物种热稳定性各不相同,并且可能会被氧化铁中的晶格氧氧化产生新的吸附物种,对进一步与还原剂发生选择性催化反应有着重要的作用。甲烷与丙烷在氧化铁表面还原NO的微观反应机理通过一系列路径完成。还原剂吸附于氧化铁表面,与由NO吸附形成的含氮吸附物种相互反应,形成一系列碳氢中间产物,通过进一步反应还原NO;在氧气存在的情况下,O_2会参与碳氢还原剂与含氮吸附物种的竞争反应,并形成R—COO-、CH3COO-等更多活性中间物种,这些活性中间物种通过与NO不断的反应最终还原NO为N2。     

DZ9高温合金时效前后微观力学性能研究

为了研究DZ9高温合金在高温时效过程中微观力学性能的演变规律,利用纳米压痕仪对该合金时效前后微观力学性能进行测试。结果表明:该高温合金经长时间高温时效,共晶γ'相的硬度和弹性模量基本保持不变,而枝晶干的硬度及模量均有所下降。     

Chemozymatic synthesis and characterization of H-shaped triblock copolymer

The synthesis of well-defined H-shaped block copolymer based on the enzymatic ring-opening polymerization (eROP) and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is described. The dihydroxyl polycaprolactone (PCL) was synthesized by the eROP of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) in the presence biocatalyst Novozyme 435 and initiator ethylene glycol. Subsequently, the resulting PCL was converted to tetrafunctional macroinitiator by the esterification with 2,2-dichloro acetyl chloride (DCAC). The H-shaped block copolymer was then synthesized by the ATRP of styrene. The polymers were characterized by NMR and GPC. Linear first-order kinetics, linearly increasing molecular weight with conversion, and low polydispersities observed from the ATRP of St showed that the polymerization was well controlled. (PSt)₂-b-PCL-b-(PSt)₂ block copolymers with varying molecular weight and controllable composition were obtained.     

石墨烯增强石膏建筑材料的制备及性能影响研究

针对石膏建筑材料在装配式建筑中的应用问题,通过正交试验研究了水膏比、减水剂掺量、石墨烯掺量及其分散时间4个因素对石墨烯增强石膏建筑材料抗压强度及微观形貌的影响,定量计算了各因素对抗压强度的影响程度,并对其微观形貌进行分析.结果表明:正交试验得到的最优方案为水膏比0.44、石墨烯掺量0.15％、减水剂掺量0.15％、石墨...