基于Walker星座的导航卫星自主导航的GDOP最小值分析

卫星自主定轨时选择测量卫星的几何构型对于定轨精度有着重要的影响.目前地面接收机与导航卫星的几何构型对定位精度的影响主要由GDOP（几何衰减因子）来衡量,GDOP值的下限限制了在一定的测量精度下用户定位的精度范围.通过构建Walker构型的导航星座将地面接收机GDOP取最小值时的边界确定,推广应用到自主导航环境下,利用均匀采样和遗传算法分别独立得到GDOP的最小值,同时用仿真数据验证了这个值的正确性.     

新疆加甫沙尔苏地区中酸性小岩体型矿化蚀变遥感异常提取与找矿

中酸性小岩体的内部及附近的围岩中常形成与岩浆岩体有关的大型、超大型矿床,已成为找矿工作的一个重点方向。由于地质工作程度的限制,中酸性小岩体易被遗漏,严重制约了该类型矿化的发现。在新疆西准噶尔达尔布特断裂带下盘加甫沙尔苏地区找矿工作中,通过综合分析,提出了以遥感手段为主导的中酸性小岩体型矿化找矿模型:利用ASTER数据,通过图像增强处理、图像解译识别中酸性小岩体并提取蚀变遥感异常,结合地质、化探信息综合分析后确定重点检查区域。野外检查发现了加甫沙尔苏斑岩型钼矿化点,证实了该方法的有效性。该方法可以为西部地区中酸性小岩体型矿产资源勘查提供借鉴。     

优化变形能的平面多边形同构剖分

平面多边形间的同构三角剖分是平面形状渐进过渡与插值的基础,降低对应三角形的变形程度是获得高质量应用的关键.文中提出一种基于变形能优化的2个平面多边形的同构剖分算法,其中包含同构剖分生成和变形能最小化2个模块.首先根据用户指定的对应特征点对多边形进行顶点重采样,得到顶点一一对应的2个多边形;然后利用带约束的Delaunay剖分对其中的一个多边形进行三角化,得到源网格;再用重心坐标将源网格的内部顶点嵌入到另一个多边形得到同构剖分(目标网格);最后逐一检查三角形的变形能,对源网格中变形能超过阈值的三角形进行细分,用同构剖分模块生成新的目标网格.实验及数据统计分析表明,该算法可以得到较好的同构三角剖分,提升网格质量,并能很好地避免纹理细节失真.     

结合子层分割和自适应函数引导的规定化图像增强

为了更好地辨别低照度图像中的目标,提高图像的对比度并增强纹理细节信息,采用子层分割规定化算法对图像进行增强处理,提出一种结合子层分割和自适应函数引导的规定化图像增强算法.首先根据原始图像直方图的特点对直方图进行子层分割,之后通过对分割后的子层进行灰度区间拉伸来提高图像的亮度,以增强图像的对比度;为了增强图像中的细节信息,在每个子层求取自适应函数来对每个子层做规定化处理;最后对子层直方图合并,得到增强后图像.实验结果证明,经过增强后图像的灰度平均梯度值为原始图像的3~4倍,信息熵也明显增大;该算法在增强图像细节、提高图像的对比度上具有优越性.     

888脱硫催化剂在焦炉煤气脱硫中的应用

针对焦炉煤气H2S含量超标问题,通过优化煤气脱硫工艺,改造脱硫设备,选用新型高效888脱硫催化剂,生产出合格城市煤气,解决了公司长期煤气H2S含量超标的难题。     

Novel method for preparation of quaternary ammonium ionomer from epoxidized styrene–butadiene–styrene triblock copolymer and its use as compatibilizer for blending of styrene–butadiene–styrene and chlorosulfonated polyethylene

A novel method for the preparation of a quaternary ammonium ionomer of styrene–butadiene–styrene triblock copolymer (SBS) was developed by a ring‐opening reaction of epoxidized SBS with triethylamine hydrochloride in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst. The optimum conditions were studied. The ionomer was characterized by quantitative analysis, IR spectroscopy, and ¹H‐NMR spectroscopy. Its water absorbency, oil absorbency, dilute solution viscosity, and use as a compatibilizer for the blending of SBS and chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE) were investigated. The results showed that, under optimum conditions, the epoxy groups can be completely converted to the quaternary ammonium groups. The IR spectrum did not exhibit the absorption peak for quaternary ammonium groups, whereas the ¹H‐NMR spectrum and titration method demonstrated it. With increasing ionic group content, the water absorbency of the ionomer increased whereas its oil absorbency decreased. These indicated the amphiphilic character of the SBS ionomer. The dilute solution viscosity of the ionomer in toluene/methanol (9/1) solvent increased with increasing quaternary ammonium group content. The ionomer was used as a compatibilizer for the blends of SBS and CSPE. The addition of a small amount of the ionomer to the blend enhanced the mechanical properties of the blends: 2 wt % ionomer based on the blend increased the tensile strength and ultimate elongation of the blend nearly 2 times. The blends of equal parts SBS and CSPE behaved as oil‐resistant thermoplastic elastomers. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 1975–1980, 2006     

Characteristic modes and flow structure of non-premixed flame in humid-air combustion

An experimental study has been performed in order to determine the effect of humidity on the flow field and the flame stability limit in turbulent non-premixed flame. Two-dimensional Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements were made to quantify the velocity field, with and without steam injected. The results indicate the addition of steam decreases the recirculation flow and reduces the distance between the forward and aft stagnation points. The detailed stabilization regimes show that the critical fuel-to-air velocity ratios of the central fuel penetration in the humid air case are 16% to 22% lower, and the partially quenching limits are at least 25% lower. The decreased penetration limit is due to a reduction in momentum of the humid air. An analysis of flamelet concepts reveals that increased chemical reaction time leads to lower partially quenching limits in the humid air combustion.     

聚氯乙烯／蒙脱土复合材料的结构与性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备得到PVC／蒙脱土复合材料。通过X射线衍射和透射电镜对复合材料的结构进行了表征。研究了钠基蒙脱土和烷基季铵盐改性的有机蒙脱土对聚氯乙烯／蒙脱土复合材料的结构、加工热稳定性、光学性能、力学性能和结构流变性能的影响。     

Modeling of photocatalytic oxidation of VOCs in a packed bed reactor under continuous and discontinuous illuminations

In this paper, a mathematical model is presented to describe the photocatalytic degradation of VOCs in a packed bed reactor. Here, the adsorption of VOCs on the wall of the reactor is taken into account and the diffusion of VOCs in the axial direction is neglected. First-order kinetics is used to describe the photocatalytic oxidation of VOCs. The analytical solution of the present model is obtained by traveling wave method. The solution shows that the reactor performance is totally dependent on the inlet concentration of VOCs when the time is large enough. The present model is validated through the experimental result of the photocatalytic oxidation of trichloroethylene in a packed bed and the predicted results accord well with the experimental data. The influence of flow rate and inlet concentration on the performance of the reactor is discussed in detail. High flow rate offers high reaction rate and low conversion efficiency. The different inlet conditions and different reaction patterns are also investigated. The model would be useful to estimate the rate constant and help to the design of the reactor.     

高层级轮胎各层帘布裁断角度的计算方法

提出一种新的确定高层级轮胎内外各层帘布裁断角度的方法。根据各层帘布在成品胎内部的材料分布图和在成型机头上的材料分布图，计算该层所在的机头宽度，比较计算的机头宽度和实际的机头宽度，通过调整帘布裁断角度使两者近似相等。以此确定各层帘布的裁断角度，达到内外层帘线均匀伸张的目的。