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961.
962.
助乳化剂对化妆品乳液稳定性和液晶性的影响 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:6
以硬脂酸蔗糖酯和失水山梨醇硬脂酸酯的复配物(SSE)为主乳化剂,十六/十八醇及甘油为助乳化剂制备含液晶乳液化妆品。通过观察乳液的温度稳定性和液晶性,用三元相图研究助乳化剂含量对此乳液体系液区的影响。实验条件下,用该乳化剂体系可获得较好的液晶化妆品乳液,总之,较高的助乳化剂量有利于乳液的温度稳定性和液晶性,但助乳化剂量较低时经合理配方也能获得稳定的液晶乳液,其中含3%高碳醇和5%甘油的乳液稳定性及液晶性均较好,5%高碳醇和3%甘油的助乳化剂体系不宜采用。 相似文献
963.
聚丙烯催化剂进展及应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了聚丙烯(PP)催化剂、工艺技术的进展及近十几年世界新开发的金属茂催化剂的结构、特点及用于生产问规聚丙烯的实例。金属茂催化剂用于PP生产,为开发高性能PP产品,提高市场竞争能力提供了可能。 相似文献
964.
Adsorption of benzoic acid by CTAB exchanged montmorillonite 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Liang-Guo Yan Jin Wang Hai-Qin Yu Qin Wei Bin Du Xiao-Quan Shan 《Applied Clay Science》2007,37(3-4):226-230
This paper reports the adsorption of benzoic acid from water on cetyl trimethylammonium exchanged montmorillonite (CTAB-montmorillonite). Important factors are the adsorbent concentration, ionic strength, equilibrium time and pH. The largest adsorption is at pH 9. The adsorption kinetics data fitted the pseudo-second-order equation. The adsorption isotherms at different pH were linear indicating a partition mechanism. Up to about 61% of the dissolved benzoic acid was adsorbed by CTAB-montmorillonite. These results indicate that CTAB-montmorillonite is a potential adsorbent for benzoic acid. 相似文献
965.
966.
This paper seeks to enhance network survivability under a disaster and reduce the expected post-disaster response time for transportation networks through pre-disaster investment decisions. The planning focuses on determining the links of the network to strengthen through investment under two types of uncertainties: the disaster characteristics, and the surviving network under each disaster. A bi-level stochastic optimization model is proposed for this problem, in which link investment decisions are made at the upper level to enhance the network survivability subject to a budget constraint such that the expected post-disaster response time is minimized at the lower level. A two-stage heuristic algorithm is proposed to obtain effective solutions efficiently. The numerical experiments indicate that the proposed heuristic algorithm converges to a fixed point representing a feasible solution, within an acceptable tolerance level, of the bi-level stochastic optimization model which is an effective solution under disasters of moderate severity. Parametric and sensitivity analyses reinforce the need for a holistic approach that integrates multiple relevant considerations to determine the link investment decisions. 相似文献
967.
Daniel?ZemanEmail author Ond?ej?Du?ek David?Mare?ek Martin?Popel Loganathan?Ramasamy Jan??těpánek Zdeněk??abokrtsky Jan?Haji? 《Language Resources and Evaluation》2014,48(4):601-637
We present HamleDT—a HArmonized Multi-LanguagE Dependency Treebank. HamleDT is a compilation of existing dependency treebanks (or dependency conversions of other treebanks), transformed so that they all conform to the same annotation style. In the present article, we provide a thorough investigation and discussion of a number of phenomena that are comparable across languages, though their annotation in treebanks often differs. We claim that transformation procedures can be designed to automatically identify most such phenomena and convert them to a unified annotation style. This unification is beneficial both to comparative corpus linguistics and to machine learning of syntactic parsing. 相似文献
968.
An Yong Lee Jongguk Yim Youngjin Choi 《International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems》2014,12(5):1102-1109
This paper presents a scaled Jacobian transpose based control method for robotic manipulators as a modification of a conventional Jacobian transpose based method. The proposed method has several advantages such as it shows faster convergence and better tracking performance than the conventional method, furthermore, it does not have any singularity problem similar to the conventional method. The scaled Jacobian transpose is obtained by collecting each pseudoinverse of the column vector of the Jacobian matrix. The proposed method performs a given task well under singular configurations while minimizing the task error. Finally, a few comparative studies with the conventional method are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method through simulations. 相似文献
969.
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) allows to moving neutral or charged particles in liquids by supplying a non-uniform electric field. When using alternating current and insulated electrodes, this is possible in conducting media such as aqueous solutions. However, relatively high field strength is required that is discussed to induce also an undesired Joule heating effect. In this paper, we demonstrate boundary conditions for avoiding this side effect and suggest a novel design of an interdigitated electrode (IDE) configuration to reduce the power consumption. Numerical simulation using OpenFOAM demonstrated that, when replacing conventional plate IDE by cylindrical micro-IDE in microchannel systems, the dielectrophoretic force field, i.e., the electric field gradient squared, becomes stronger and more homogeneously distributed along the electrodes array. Also the resulting particle DEP velocities were highest for the cylindrical IDE. The simulations were experimentally confirmed by measuring velocity of resin particle located at the subsurface of demineralized water. Surprisingly the fluid flow induced by electrothermal effect turned out to be negligible in microchannels when compared to the DEP effect and becomes dominant only for distances between particle and IDE larger than 6,000 μm. The well-agreed experimental and simulation results allow for predicting particle motion. This can be expected to pave the way for designing DEP microchannel separators with high throughput and low energy consumption. 相似文献
970.
Min Jeong Kim Mina Choi Yong Bum Kim Fengyi Liu Hyungpil Moon Ja Choon Koo Hyouk Ryeol Choi 《International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems》2014,12(2):406-414
This paper proposes a method of exploring the local shape of an unknown object using the force and torque information obtained from active touch. In the first, we present a method to estimate an unknown curvature, using rolling and sliding motion with a force/torque sensor attached to the fingertip of the hand. Then, the normal curvature equation from 2D curvatures is obtained. Finally we present a reconstruction algorithm of local geometry by using a normal curvature equation, which is composed of principal curvatures and principal directions. The method is tested by using a hand-arm system consisting of an industrial robot arm and an anthropomorphic robot hand with 6-axis force/torque sensor. The feasibility of the proposed method is experimentally validated for objects with simple geometries such as cylinder, spheres etc. 相似文献