基于规则的汉语名名组合的自动释义研究

该文以现代汉语(特别是网络搜索词)中的名名组合为主要研究对象,探索一种基于规则的汉语名名组合的自动释义方法。其研究步骤为: (1)利用《现代汉语语义词典》中名词的语义类别,来建立名名组合的语义类组合模式;(2)在“生成词库论”中物性角色思想的指导下,用名名组合中某个名词的施成角色或功能角色作为释义动词,来揭示这两个名词之间的语义关系;(3)以语义类组合模式为单位构建名名组合的释义模板,并汇集成名名搭配数据库;(4)利用《知网》资源,来获取具体名词的施成角色和功能角色,建立汉语名词知识库。在这两个数据库的基础上,我们初步实现了一个汉语名名组合的自动释义程序。     

用CCD摄像法测量下喷环流反应器内的气泡行为

本文开发了一种集高速视频分析系统和计算机数字图像处理技术于一体的具有普适性的动态高速ＣＣＤ摄像系统，并利用该系统测定了两相三维下喷环流反应气内的环境气泡行为，考察了不同喷咀和操作条件对气泡行为及平均传质比表面积的影响。     

硝酸尾气中NOx测定方法的探讨

1概述 硝酸尾气主要由以下成分组成：少量NOx、93％的N2、3％～5％的O2、惰性气体和硝酸蒸汽。我公司原采用酸碱滴定法测定硝酸尾气中的NOx含量，即用过量氢氧化钠溶液吸收尾气中的NOx，然后用硫酸标准溶液返滴剩余氢氧化钠，由此计算出尾气中的NOx含量。但此法存在很大的弊端：一是将尾气中的硝酸蒸汽当作NOx一起分析，造成分析结果偏高；二是分析误差较大；三是用真空瓶采样，受负压、采样温度、采样装置气密性等因素影响，再现性较差。经过试验后，认为采用盐酸萘乙二胺分光光度法检测硝酸尾气中的NOx含量较好。此法操作简便、干扰少、灵敏度较高，精度和准确度都较高，是目前较理想的检测硝酸尾气中NOx含量的方法。     

Electrochemical reaction of the SiMn/C composite for anode in lithium ion batteries

The SiMn-graphite composite powder was prepared by mechanical ball milling and its electrochemical performances were evaluated as the candidate anode materials for lithium ion batteries. It is found that the cyclic performance of the composite materials is improved significantly compared to SiMn alloy and pure silicon. The heat treatment of the electrodes is beneficial for enhancing the cyclic stabilities. The SiMn-20 wt.% graphite composite electrode after annealing at 200 °C has an initial reversible capacity of 463 mAh g⁻¹ and a charge-discharge efficiency of 70%. Moreover, the reversible capacity maintains 426 mAh g⁻¹ after 30 cycles with a coulomb efficiency of over 97%. The phase structure and morphology of the composite were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy. The lithiation/delithiation behavior was investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry. The composite materials appear to be promising candidates as negative electrodes for lithium rechargeable batteries.     

γ-射线辐照对芳纶纤维复合材料力学性能的影响

本文研究了γ-射线辐照处理对三维编织芳纶纤维增强铸型尼龙(简称K3D／MCPA)复合材料力学性能的影响。研究表明，经γ线处理的芳纶纤维，表面氧含量有所提高，纤维表面活性增大；纤维经表面处理后的弯曲强度、弯曲模量及剪切强度均比未处理的高，但冲击强度较低。     

Melting behavior and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of polyamide 6/polyamide 66 molecular composites via in situ polymerization

The melting behavior and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of pure polyamide 6 (PA 6) and its molecular composites with polyamide 66 (PA 66) were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry. The PA 6/PA 66 composites had one melting peak, whereas the coextruded PA 6/PA 66 blends had two melting peaks. With the addition of PA 66 to PA 6 via in situ anionic polymerization, the melting temperature, crystallization temperature, and crystallinity of PA 6 in the composites decreased. The half‐time of nonisothermal crystallization increased for a PA 6/PA 66 molecular composite containing 12 wt % PA 66, in comparison with that of pure PA 6. The commonly used Ozawa equation was used to fit the nonisothermal crystallization of pure PA 6 and its composites. The Ozawa exponent values in the primary stage were equal to 1.28–3.03 and 1.28–2.97 for PA 6 and its composite with 12 wt % PA 66, respectively, and this revealed that the mechanism of primary crystallization of PA 6 and PA 6/PA 66 was mainly heterogeneous nucleation and growth. All the results indicated that the incorporation of PA 66 into PA 6 at the molecular level retarded the crystallization of PA 6. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 2172–2177, 2005     

褐煤成型的研究

由于褐煤具有含水率高，灰份大，易风化，发热值低等特点，使得成型难度很大．本文重点研究水份粒度、添加剂、成型压力等对褐煤成型的影响．最佳条件：粒度＜１ｍｍ，水份１４～１６％，压力＞５０Ｔｆ，添加剂１０～２０％．     

Synthesis and characterization of side‐chain liquid‐crystalline ionomers containing quaternary ammonium salt groups

A series of thermotropic side‐chain liquid‐crystalline ionomers (LCIs) containing 4‐(4‐alkoxybenzyloxy)‐4′‐allyloxybiphenyl (M) as mesogenic units and allyl triethylammonium bromide (ATAB) as nonmesogenic units were synthesized by graft copolymerization upon polymethylhydrosiloxane. The chemical structures of the polymers were confirmed by IR spectroscopy. DSC was used to measure the thermal properties of these polymers. The mesogenic properties were characterized by polarizing optical microscopy, DSC, and X‐ray diffraction. Homopolymers without ionic groups exhibit smectic and nematic mesophases. The nematic mesophases of the ionomers disappear and the mesomorphic temperature ranges decrease with increasing concentration of ionic units. The influence of the alkoxy chain length on clearing temperature (T_c) values of ionomers clearly shows an odd‐even effect, similar to that of other side‐chain liquid‐crystalline polymers. The mesomorphic temperature ranges increase with increasing alkoxy chain length when the number of alkoxy carbon is over 3. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 2879–2886, 2003     

Experimental research on drag reduction by polymer additives in a turbulent pipe flow

In order to investigate the effects of injection position on drag reduction as well as further the effects of polymer additives on turbulent structures, LDA measurements of turbulent pipe flows were conducted. The results show that the amount of drag reduction grows with the increase of the Reynolds number, and injecting the polymer at the centre of pipe is more effective than at the wall. Due to the addition of polymer solution, the axial, radial r.m.s. velocity fluctuations and Reynolds stress decrease over the entire pipe cross‐section, the time auto‐correlation coefficients of axial and radial velocity fluctuation at the centre of pipe decay more slowly, the number of spectrum peaks is decreased, and the peak shifts towards lower wave numbers. The results also reveal that, due to the addition of polymer solution, the large‐scale vortices are enhanced and small‐scale vortices are suppressed.     

一种三维线弹性随机数值均化方法

对小变形下具有随机微观结构非均质材料的数值均化问题进行了研究.当考虑材料微观结构形态、各组分性质的随机性及相关性时,基于多尺度有限元方法和蒙特卡罗法,建立了非均质材料的随机均化模型.求出了不同边界条件下的随机有效量及其数字特征值以及有效量之间所具有的相关性.考察了随机微观结构参数对随机有效量以及表征体积单元中应力分布的影响.结果表明,在分析非均质材料的宏观有效力学性质时,考虑材料微观结构中客观存在的随机性和相关性非常重要.