Surface Regulation Towards Stimuli‐Responsive Luminescence of Ultrasmall Thiolated Gold Nanoparticles for Ratiometric Imaging

The surface chemistry of the ultrasmall thiolated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, < 3.0 nm) plays key roles in both governing the intrinsic emission and establishing interfaces surrounded by various amine‐containing biomolecules in the biomedical applications such as imaging, targeting, and diagnostics. However, a fundamental understanding of the surface ligand's role in the stimuli‐responsive emissions of AuNPs toward the amine molecules is currently lacking. Here, through investigation of the thiolate surface and exotic amine structures, it is discovered that the nucleophilic amines tend to closely bind the electrophilic gold surface, generating a high‐energy stimuli‐responsive emission from the low‐energy intrinsically emitting AuNPs. Both the intrinsic and stimuli‐responsive emissions show a unique amine concentration‐dependent ratiometric pattern for quantitative assessments of important biogenic amines in the biological samples. This discovery opens a new pathway to the design of stimuli‐responsive AuNPs, and would promote more experimental and theoretical research on the application‐driven surface engineering for advanced biological applications.     

一种混合多边缘型LDPC码密度进化算法

在二进制输入加性高斯白噪声信道下,研究了基于多边缘型低密度奇偶校验码（Multi-edge Low Density Parity Check,MET-LDPC）的密度进化算法。针对高斯近似算法在前期迭代中的不准确问题,提出了一种改进算法。在分析MET-LDPC码的密度进化的基础上,将全密度进化与高斯近似算法结合,通过设置切换限制条件,弥补早期迭代的不准确,提高编码阈值估计的准确性。仿真结果表明,与MET-LDPC全密度进化算法相比,所提算法可以有效提高编码阈值估计的准确性,对LDPC编码的设计有一定的参考价值。     

Low-latency neighbor discovery algorithm based on multi-beacon message in mobile low-duty-cycle sensor network

Neighbor discovery enables nodes in the networks to discover each other through simple information interaction,which was suitable for the new mobile low duty cycle sensor network (MLDC-WSN).However,because the nodes in MLDC-WSN can move randomly and sleep,the network topology was changed frequently,which results in that some nodes need a lot of energy and time to find their neighbors.How to realize fast neighbor discovery for all nodes in the network was a difficult problem in current research.To solve this problem,a new low-latency neighbor discovery algorithm based on multi-beacon messages was proposed.In this algorithm,the nodes were discovered by sending a short beacon message through their neighbor nodes,and by adjusting the time and frequency of beacon message sent,a lower neighbor discovery delay was obtained.Eventually,through quantitative analysis and simulation experiments,it is found that compared with existing algorithms,this algorithm can find all neighbor nodes in MLDC-WSN with less energy consumption,lower latency and greater probability.     

智能雷达的内涵与外延辨析

从分析智能以及人工智能的内涵和特征入手,探讨了新一代人工智能技术的发展及其军事应用,基于仿生学的观点提出了智能雷达的概念定义,初步梳理了智能雷达的技术体系和分级分类标准;对比分析了智能雷达与认知雷达、软件化雷达、无人值守雷达的主要特点,分别辨析了相应的区别和联系。文中是对智能雷达内涵和外延开展的系统性研究,对于把握智能雷达的本质、明确研究重点、制定发展路线具有先导意义。     

WDM PON中新型组播技术的研究

实现有效的组播传输是WDM PON实用化的关键技术之一,介绍了我们提出并实验验证了其可行性的几种WDM PON新型组播模式,为WDM PON技术的进一步发展和实际应用提供了参考与可选的业务组播方案.     

机器视觉中图像匹配问题研究

随着计算机视觉技术的发展,机器视觉尤其是双目视觉被广泛应用于物体识别、虚拟现实、工业检测、机器人导航和航空航天等领域。图像匹配是机器视觉中的关键技术之一,能否有效地解决该问题严重影响着机器视觉的发展。对现有的匹配算法进行了研究的基础上,针对算法的实时性和精确度提出了改进算法。实验结果表明：误匹配像素百分比与目前常用的基于区域的匹配算法相当,而计算速度却提高了一个数量级,并且边缘特征较好,是一种有效可行的高实时性匹配算法。     

自适应波束形成在OFDM系统中的应用

为了提高正交频分复用（OFDM）系统中传输数据的可靠性,对抗频率偏差带来的系统信噪比的下降,在OFDM系统接收端引入自适应波束形成。自适应波束形成实现了对期望信号方向的增益接收,同时对干扰信号方向进行有效的抑制。仿真结果表明,文中方法比单纯的OFDM系统具有更低的误码率,即使在有多普勒频移的多径信道下,也能获得更高的传输可靠性。从输入、输出信干噪比的曲线也可以看出,此方法是可行且收敛的。     

粒状贝氏体组织的疲劳性能

本文研究了粒状贝氏体组织的低周疲劳性能、冲击疲劳性能及旋转弯曲疲劳性能.结果表明:在等抗拉强度下,粒状贝氏体的低周疲劳性能与冲击疲劳性能均优于回火马氏体组织.且随粒状贝氏体含量增加,冲击疲劳寿命相应提高.粒状贝氏体中的(M-A)岛对疲劳裂纹扩展有阻碍作用,对提高疲劳寿命有利.在等强度下,粒状贝氏体的旋转弯曲疲劳性能和回火马氏体组织相当,疲劳极限(Sf)与屈服强度(σy)和断裂强度(S_K)的关系为: S_f=4.651+0.1411(σ_y+S_K)     

零电阻温度85.3K的Bi系氧化物超导体

用快淬工艺成功地制成起始转变温度112K、零电阻温度85.3K的Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu新型氧化物超导体.样品在84.0 K附近呈现明显的抗磁效应.     

铝合金凝固过程的声发射及氢气析出过程

采用声发射测试技术,对Al-Si和Al-Cu系合金凝固过程进行监测,证实合金在凝固过程中存在声发射现象,表现为两个声发射信号计数率峰,两个峰的总计数都随着合金中气体含量增加而增高。本文对Al-Si,Al-Cu合金系产生声发射现象的机理进行了探讨,同时,借助其它实验手段证实了声发射信号与合金凝固中气体析出有很好的对应性。第一个计数率峰与气泡在枝晶臂间形核相吻合。第二个计数率峰与凝固末期的枝晶间拉裂现象相对应,可能是氢在枝晶间析出和聚集产生高压氢导致的拉裂。