3D Printing Conductive Composites with Poly(ionic liquid) as a Noncovalent Intermedia to Fabricate Carbon Circuits

In this study, a kind of imidazole type poly(ionic liquid) ([PEP-MIM]Cl) is synthesized, which can disperse carbon effectively. [PEP-MIM]Cl is used as an intermediate to coat carbon on the poly(acrylic acid)(PAA-co-MBA) via ion exchange to obtain conductive polymer composite (CPC). A series of characterizations are performed. Experiments show that carbon can be coated on the PAA-co-MBA uniformly, and compared with using carbon as filler, this method requires less carbon to achieve good conductive performance. The carbon layer on the polymer's surface is enriched via the swelling-shrinking properties of PAA-co-MBA according to the SEM images. Furthermore, in combination with 3D printing technology, PAA-co-MBA can be designed into different shapes to achieve various functions such as pressure-sensing element. Finally, a new type of CPC named carbon clad polymeric laminate (CCPL) is prepared by using the carbon coating method and 3D printing technology. It has the potential to replace copper clad laminate (CCL) and printed circuit board (PCB), to a certain extent. This technology expands the preparation method and application of the CPC such as flexible and wearable conductive fabrics.     

Controllable synthesis of pure monodispersed zirconia nanopowders with tetragonal phase

Nanopowders of pure zirconia have been synthesized using citric acid (CA)-assisted lamellar liquid crystal template method. The microstructure of the zirconia powder prepared at the different mole ratios of CA to zirconium oxynitrate (ZN) was characterized by FT-IR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), laser particle size analyzer, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) methods. The phase structure of the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/C₁₀H₂₁OH/H₂O system before and after adding mixing solution CA and ZN was determined by POM (Polarizing Optical Microscope). The results show that lamellar structure of the SDS/C₁₀H₂₁OH/H₂O system after adding mixing solution CA and ZN is stable. The presence of CA inhibits agglomeration and growth of zirconia particle. The crystallite size of zirconia powders decreases and agglomerates lowly with addition of CA. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FI-IR) analyses reveal that the structure of chelating organic complex is maintained in zirconia structure at high-temperature calcination to cause oxygen vacancies which stabilizes the tetragonal phase of zirconia. The zirconia powders remained the single metastable tetragonal phase at the molar ratios of CA to ZN ranging from 1:3 to 5:1. The crystallite size of zirconia with spherical morphology varied from 32.2 to 20.1 nm with the increase of the molar ratio of CA to ZN in the range of 1:3 to 5:1.     

N3-Kethoxal-Based Bioorthogonal Intracellular RNA Labeling

There is growing interest in developing intracellular RNA tools. Herein, we describe a strategy for N₃-kethoxal (N₃K)-based bioorthogonal intracellular RNA functionalization. With N₃K labeling followed by an in vivo click reaction with DBCO derivatives, RNA can be modified with fluorescent or phenol groups. This strategy provides a new way of labeling RNA inside cells.     

High Efficiency Electrochemiluminescence for Copper(II) and Cadmium(II) Pyrazolate Polymers

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - Two new coordination polymers, namely, [Cu2(L)2(4,4′-bpy)]n (1) and [Cd(HL)Cl(1,10′-phen)]n (2)...     

HZSM5分子筛膜复合二氧化锡对甲烷的气敏性能研究

采用液相氧化法制备二氧化锡纳米颗粒,并利用浸渍法制备Pd负载二氧化锡纳米材料,通过丝网印刷得到气敏传感膜并在其表面印刷分子筛层。基于动态气敏测试系统探究传感器对甲烷气体的灵敏度及其在CO和乙醇干扰气体下的选择性。研究结果表明,在Pd-SnO₂敏感层表面印刷Pd-HZSM5层后,传感器对甲烷的响应能力显著提高,并且在体积分数为5×10^-4的CO存在时,对甲烷的选择性也得到明显的提升。同样,在质量分数为2×10^-5乙醇的存在下,传感器对甲烷的响应也没有受到干扰。通过对分子筛进行表征和催化分析,发现Pd-HZSM5对CO的催化效率可达100%,使得CO在扩散过程中被催化氧化,这可能是印刷Pd-HZSM5分子筛膜从而提高传感器选择性的主要原因。同时研究还表明,在敏感层表面印刷分子筛层并不会影响传感器的响应和恢复速率。     

关注区可变的实时仿真方法与平台

交直流混合电网的实时仿真既要考虑电力电子设备的开关特性,又要保证适应较大的电网规模,在实际工程中面临诸多困难.给子网络赋予动态可变的关注标志,对关注子网络采用存储压力小的节点消去法,对非关注子网络采用计算量少的线性组合法,从而保证骨架型节点电压法的实用性.在Xilinx公司的Virtex-7 FPGA VC709开发板中,采用无缝的并行化仿真计算程序对接方式和灵活的结构参数查询方法解决了现场可编程逻辑门阵列资源的紧缺问题,设计了一种关注区可变的实时数字仿真平台.以典型的交直流混合电网为例,仿真验证了所提方法的可行性与所研发平台的有效性.     

考虑新能源消纳及需求响应不确定性的配电网主从博弈经济调度

针对当前配电网侧风电消纳率较低的问题,运用Stackelberg动态博弈理论,提出一种以配电网侧为主体、负荷侧为从体的主从博弈模型.通过分析用户负荷特性,建立用户负荷特性模型;运用三角模糊数描述需求响应的不确定性,建立价格型需求响应不确定性模型;以配电网侧配电网运行成本最小及风电消纳最大、负荷侧用户电费最低为目标建立配电网主从博弈经济模型,二者通过优化配电网侧的准实时电价策略集及负荷侧需求响应策略集达到博弈均衡;以修改后的IEEE 30节点系统为算例,采用改进型教与学优化算法求得该主从博弈模型的均衡解.算例仿真分析表明,所建模型能够有效提高配电网风电消纳能力,减少配电网运行成本和用户电费,实现主、从体双方社会效益与经济效益最优化.     

Characterization of ultrafine La x Sr1−x MnO3 powder prepared by spray pyrolysis

The characterization of La _x Sr_1−x MnO₃ powders produced by spray pyrolysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation, specific surface area (Brunauer-Emett-Teller), and particle size distribution measurements shows that the resultant large particles are loose agglomerates consisting of many small particles. However, the sintered tiny particles can form hard agglomerates, and the particle size increases remarkably. The structures of the powders before and after sintering were identified by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The study of the electrical property of the powder shows that the powder is a metallic conductor. In a reducing atmosphere, the powder can be decomposed. When the powder is cofired with yttria-stabilized zirconia 5% (YSZ) powder at 1200 °C for 5 h, no new phase is produced, and the powder remains a single provskite hexagonal-rhombohedral structure.