Evaluation of Octyltetramethyldisiloxane‐Containing Ethylene Copolymers as Composite Lubricant for High‐Density Polyethylene

A series of octyltetramethyldisiloxane‐containing ethylene copolymers, poly(ethylene‐co‐OO7) (abbreviated as E‐co‐OO7), are prepared from vanadium catalyzed copolymerization of ethylene with 1‐oct(7‐en)yl‐3‐octyl‐1,1,3,3‐tetramethyldisiloxane (or OO7) macromonomer. The copolymers containing different silicone contents are employed as composite lubricants for high‐density polyethylene (HDPE). The influences of the silicone content in the copolymer and that of the added copolymer amount in the blend on the bulk and surface properties of the blends are systematically investigated. The results show that E‐co‐OO7 exhibits superior overall performance in comparison with conventional lubricants silicone masterbatch and polyethylene wax. Compared to HDPE control, 10 wt% E‐co‐OO7 addition increases the melt flow rates by 49%, increases the elongation at break from 740 to 860%, increases the water‐contact angle from 90° up to 108°, lowers the coefficient of friction from 0.072 to 0.049, lowers the specific wear rate from 11 × 10^?3 to 5.6 × 10^?3 mm³ Nm^?1. The impact strength and high temperature thermal stability are also slightly improved. The measured Si/C atomic ratios demonstrate the sufficient silicone enrichment on surface of the blends. E‐co‐OO7 with 23.5 Si? O? Si per 1000 C gives the best internal lubrication, and E‐co‐OO7 with 29.7 Si? O? Si per 1000 C gives the best external lubrication.

     

Solid-phase extraction gold from alkaline cyanide solution with quaternary ammonium surfactant

The solid-phase extraction(SPE) technique applied to the extraction of organic compound was creatively used as the extraction of inorganic gold in the paper.Two types of techniques were proposed and explored,namely the SPE and the liquid–liquid extraction(LLE) of the quaternary ammonium surfactant [cetytrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTMAB),cetyl pyridine bromide(CPB),benzyl dimethyl dodecyl ammonium chloride(BDMDAC),and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride(DTMAC)].The surfactant could react with Au(CN)_2~-to form the ionic complex,and the compound could be extracted by SPE column of reversed-phase bonded silica gel.Hence,a new method of SPE was proposed to extract gold with these features of the high selectivity,the reliability,and the simplicity.The experimental result shows that the recovery rate of gold is more than 98 %,and the solid-phase extraction column is not easily damaged and it can be repeatedly used.The new method can be used as the extraction process of gold from alkaline cyanide solution as well.Besides,the paper also puts forward a new process of gold extraction.     

枪管导气槽检测方法研究与应用

某型手枪枪管导气槽尺寸检测是枪管质量检测的重要指标。从枪管的结构和导气槽的形状、位置出发,针对现有导气槽尺寸检测方法的局限性,提出了一种新型的导气槽缺陷无损检测方案。分析了基于线性可变差动变压器(linear variable differential transformer,简称LVDT)线性位移传感器和杠杆原理的检测原理,并阐述了小波去噪、离散小波变换法去趋势、非降采样小波变换法峰值检测等信号分析方法。经过现场测试,检测精度可达到1μm。相对于其他检测方法,该检测方法检测精度高、效率高。     

Microstructures of pure nickel induced by high-current pulsed electron beam irradiation

The characteristics of surface feature and microstructure of the near-surface of nickel were investigated after high current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) irradiation. Based on a physical model, the temperature profile was simulated. The depth of heat-affected zone, the initial melting position, heating rate and quenching rate were computed. The initial coarse-grained structure on the surface was refined, of which the size is about 70 nm. The TEM observations indicate that dislocation wall, sub-dislocation wall, twin and twin boundary steps were achieved on the surface of material after HCPEB irradiation. Furthermore, huge numbers of vacancy defect clusters including dislocation loops, stacking fault tetrahedras (SFT) and voids were also formed within the sublayer of the irradiated surface. The fact that supersaturation vacancies migrated towards the surface along grain boundaries and/or various dislocation configurations led to the formation of microporous feature on the irradiated surface.     

陶瓷微板热隔离气体传感器阵列热干扰分析

热干扰特性是影响微热板气体传感器阵列热结构设计的重要因素之一。为探讨微热板阵列传感器单元之间的热力学特性关系,设计并制备了具有独立式加热功能的热隔离结构4单元微热板气体阵列,传感器阵列单元由Al N陶瓷衬底、Pt膜电极组成,为提高加热效率,阵列单元中间加热区采用激光微加工刻蚀热隔离通孔设计,与边缘形成微梁连接结构。利用有限元法对传感器阵列结构进行了热干扰仿真分析,验证了热隔离结构设计的合理性。给出了4种热干扰测试模式,并进行了热干扰特性测试分析,给出了4单元之间的热干扰规律曲线,得出传感器单元功耗300m W时最大干扰温度达169.6℃,最小热干扰温度84.7℃。热隔离通孔设计可有效降低传感器单元热传导损耗,热干扰分析对微热板传感器阵列的热结构设计具有重要意义。     

2m大口径RB-SiC反射镜的磁控溅射改性

为了消除RB-SiC反射镜直接抛光后表面存在的微观缺陷,降低抛光后表面的粗糙度,提高表面质量,针对大口径SiC的特性,选择Si作为改性材料,利用磁控溅射技术对2m量级RB-SiC基底进行了表面改性。在自主研发的Φ3.2m的磁控溅射镀膜机上进行基底镀膜,利用计算机控制光学成型法对SiC基底进行了抛光改性。实验结果表明,改性层厚度达到15μm;在直径2.04m范围内,膜层厚度均匀性优于±2.5%;表面粗糙度由直接抛光的5.64nm(RMS)降低到0.78nm。由此说明磁控溅射技术能够用于大口径RB-SiC基底的表面改性,并且改性后大口径RB-SiC的性能可以满足高质量光学系统的要求。     

点焊接头剪切拉伸试验试件临界宽度

通过对比发现电阻点焊剪切拉伸试验关于试样尺寸的标准并不统一.以普通的Q235镀锌钢为材料进行电阻点焊接头的剪切拉伸试验,检测了点焊接头抗拉载荷及其对应的引伸计位移量(抗拉位移)和失效吸收能随试件宽度的变化趋势,并从力学角度解释了产生这种变化趋势的原因.结果表明,这3个检测量趋于恒定时宽度对应着一致的临界值.如果试样宽度不足,试件变形使熔核旋转过量产生正向拉伸的分力,导致测量结果小于接头实际抗剪拉伸强度.     

车轮的感应加热淬火工艺

分别采用同时加热淬火方式和连续加热淬火方式对45钢锻件车轮进行感应淬火研究。结果表明：采用连续加热淬火方式(感应器与工件间隙6 mm、输出功率为339 kW、频率为6.3 kHz),用清水进行喷淋冷却,然后对其进行230℃×2 h炉中回火处理后,车轮外表面踏面及倒圆角区域的表面硬度为509～599 HV0.2(50～55 HRC)、淬硬层深度为3.4～4.7 mm、显微组织级别为5～7级,均能达到其技术要求,并在工业化试生产中取得了较好的应用效果。     

液体辅助激光微孔加工研究进展

随着微孔加工技术的逐渐成熟,激光微孔加工的应用越来越广泛,但依靠单一激光束进行微孔加工仍存在一些问题,尤其是在深孔加工方面,出现了以激光束为主、多能量场辅助的复合打孔技术,并逐渐成为了热点。针对液体辅助激光微孔加工研究领域,总结了水基辅助激光打孔、水基超声振动辅助激光打孔、水基超声?磁场辅助激光打孔和电解液/水射流辅助激光打孔等方法。在水基的基础上,加入了超声、磁场和温度场,使得辅助场变得多元化,在多层面上进行复合加工。介绍了不同辅助加工方法的去除材料机理及加工后材料特性的变化,水起到冷却的作用,但在水层下会形成空化气泡,超声振动可以击溃气泡,磁场和温度场为材料残渣提供了能量,具体表现在热效应、材料去除速率、打孔深度、重铸层及裂纹等方面。影响微孔质量的因素有微孔锥度、深径比、孔的圆度、重铸层厚度、热影响区、微裂纹和粗糙度等,主要对微孔锥度、深径比及其他指标进行了分析,总结了加工方法对微孔质量的影响。