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71.
We consider the problem of rescheduling trains in the case where one track of a railway section consisting of two tracks
in opposing directions is closed due to construction activities. After presenting an appropriate model for this situation
we derive a polynomial algorithm for the subproblem of finding an optimal schedule with minimal latenesss if the subsequences
of trains for both directions outside the construction site are fixed. Based on this algorithm we propose a local search procedure
for the general problem of finding good schedules and report test results for some real world instances.
Received: December 8, 1999 / Accepted: May 2, 2001 相似文献
72.
73.
Three interesterified vegetable oils (IVOs) prepared from palm, cottonseed, and olive oil, respectively, have been studied for application to Frankfurters. Beef fat (10%) was replaced by one of the IVOs at 20, 60 or 100%. Fatty acid composition of the lipid fraction in the Frankfurters and saturated/unsaturated ratios were established for all batches. We found that total or partial replacement of beef fat by IVOs did not lead to significant changes in appearance, colour, texture, flavour or sensory score. We conclude that IVOs may be successfully applied as beef fat substitutes in Frankfurters. 相似文献
74.
J-M Choe 《欧洲信息系统杂志》2002,11(2):142-158
This study empirically examined the organisational learning effects of the nonfinancial performance information provided by management accounting information systems (MAISs) under advanced manufacturing technology (AMT). In this study, a target costing system and the frequent and quick reporting of information were considered the facilitators of learning. First, we examined the relationships between AMT level and the amount of nonfinancial performance information produced by MAISs. The empirical results showed that there are significant positive relationships between the level of AMT and nonfinancial performance information. With a systems approach, we also proved the impact of the relationships among AMT levels, nonfinancial performance information and learning facilitators on the organisational performance of a firm. The results of our research suggest that under a high level of AMT, for the provision of information to result in an increase of performance through organisational learning, a target costing system must be introduced and a large amount of information should be provided frequently and quickly. The results of this study also showed that although AMT level may be low, fairly well-arranged facilitators and a moderately large amount of information may be necessary for the improvement of performance. In conclusion, effective organisational learning depends on the provision of relevant information as well as efficient learning support mechanisms. 相似文献
75.
GPS硬件由主机和副机两部分组成,本文以Sercel公司生产的NR102K型GPS全球定位系统为例,介绍了其主机和副机在野外施工中的常见故障和解决方法,具有一定的实用性。 相似文献
76.
77.
78.
PENGLiming MAOXiemin XUKuangdi DINGWenjiang 《稀有金属(英文版)》2002,21(1):62-66
In order to develop a new type of contact cable with high strength and high electrical conductivity, Cu-Cr alloy series were selected as materials and Cu-Cr alloy castings were produced by means of directional solidification continuous casting (DSCC) process. The results show that the fibrillar strengthening phase, 13-Cr, orderly arranges among the copper matrix phase along the wire direction; and a microstructure of in-situ composite forms, which retains the basic property of good conductivity of the copper matrix and meanwhile obtains the strengthening effect of [3-Cr phase. The production technology as well as the mechanical property, electrical property, and synthetic property of the in-situ composite contact cables was discussed. 相似文献
79.
Less may not be more,but it still counts: The state of social capital in Yeoville,Johannesburg 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Kirsten Harrison 《Urban Forum》2002,13(1):67-84
80.
Yanqiu Shao Jiqing Han Ting Liu Yongzhen Zhao 《International Journal of Speech Technology》2007,10(1):45-55
In real speech, not like lexical words (LWs), prosodic words (PWs) are basic rhythmic units. The naturalness of a Text-to-Speech
(TTS) system is directly influenced by the segmentation of the PWs. Most of the PWs are the combination of several LWs. In
this paper, three Lexical Combination Models are proposed to combine LWs into PWs, including a Directed Acyclic Graph Model,
a Segmentation Model and a Markov Model (MM). To cope with the situation where some long LWs should be segmented into two
or more PWs, a Lexical Split Model (LSM) is applied to the long LWs. Experimental results prove that relatively constant results
with various training data can be obtained from a MM. The Transformation-Based Error Driven Learning (TBED) algorithm, for
its high performance of individual property, is applied in combination with the MM to improve the precision of PW segmentation.
Experiments show that among the three proposed models, the MM combined with TBED and LSM, leads to the best performance, in
which a precision of 93.00% and a recall of 93.23% are achieved. The perception test indicates that by using PWs as the lowest
prosodic units a speech sounds more natural and acceptable than by using LWs.
This paper is supported by NSFC Project (60503071); 973 Natural Basic Research Program of China (2004CB318102); Postdoctor
Science Foundation of P. R. China (20070420275). 相似文献