医药副产含磷废盐的提纯研究

随着精细化工及中间体产品的发展,各类副产废盐量不断增加,由于其产生量大及难处理等特点,成为阻碍行业发展的一大瓶颈。主要开展了医药副产含磷废盐的提纯实验研究,针对废盐产生的途径和特性,采用洗脱剂（甲醇-乙醇）+活性炭混合洗脱与重结晶的方式,分别去除废盐中的有机物和氯化钠,回收可利用的磷酸盐,实现废盐的提纯资源化。当洗脱剂与废盐的体积质量比为1 mL/g、洗脱剂甲醇与乙醇的体积比为4∶6、活性炭用量为废盐质量的0.4%时,废盐中的有机物得到了有效去除。随后对得到的混盐进行重结晶得到回收磷酸盐,回收磷酸盐的纯度可达98%以上,符合工业磷酸盐行业标准的要求。将含磷废盐提纯回收磷酸盐,1 t废盐的处理成本约为174.24元,可回收0.61 t磷酸盐,实现了废盐的资源化再利用。     

工艺因素对82B钢280 mm x325 mm铸坯凝固过程的影响

为模拟不同工艺条件下的连铸坯的凝固过程,采用有限元法模拟了82B钢连铸的凝固过程,获得280 mm×325 mm连铸坯的温度场。结果表明,随拉速从0.60 m/min增加到0.76 m/min,凝固时f_s=1处与f_s=0处皆后移,但中心凝固时间反而增加了9.8%。随过热度由15℃增加到50℃时,凝固末端f_s=1处同样后移,约后移1.1 m。根据模拟结果改进连铸工艺,当拉速从0.60 m/min增加到0.76m/min,增加轻压下工艺可改善低倍质量。     

HQ130高强钢热影响区组织及韧性

采用金相、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）和热模拟方法，研究了不同峰值温度（Ｔｍ）和冷却时间（ｔ８／５）对ＨＱ１３０钢焊接热影响区（ＨＡＺ）显微组织、冲击韧性和断口形态的影响。试验结果表明，峰值温度１３５０℃，ｔ８／５为５～２０ｓ时，ＨＡＺ韧性较好，ｔ８／５为４０ｓ时，ＨＡＺ韧性明显降低。Ｔｍ由１３５０℃降低到８００℃时，ＨＡＺ冲击韧性相应降低；在Ｔｍ＝８００℃附近ＨＡＺ出现脆性区，冲击韧性明显较低；在Ｔｍ＝７００℃附近ＨＡＺ出现回火软化区，冲击韧性较高，硬度明显下降。实际焊接生产中应采用较小的焊接能量（ｑ／ｖ≤２０ｋＪ／ｃｍ），以防止该钢ＨＡＺ软化和脆化现象。     

NaZr2(PO4)3晶体的水热合成与表征

用水热法在较低温度较短时间内制备了NaZr2(PO4)3晶体,对其合成机制进行了讨论,采用XRD,SEM,IR,TEM和BET等方法对制备的样品进行了表征.结果表明,所合成的NaZr2(PO4)3晶体具有良好的结晶度,尺寸分布在100nm～400nm之间,晶体平均孔隙直径为7.566nm.与沸腾回流法相比较表明,此水热法是更为有效的合成方法.     

电解电容器铝箔纯交流腐蚀工艺影响因素的研究

对电解电容器铝箔交流腐蚀体系中各影响因素的研究结果表明，在电流密度为０．５Ａ／ｃｍ２，温度为４７±２℃；控制腐蚀液中Ａｌ（３＋）含量及适量添加表面保护剂和辅助添加剂的条件下，可获得最大比电容。通过循环伏安曲线测试，探讨了各因素影响腐蚀的机理及相互关系。     

Extraction-chromatographic Separation of Microamount Scandium(Ⅲ)with HEH(EHP) Resin and Its Analytical Application

The optimum conditions for the extraction-chromatography by using 2-ethylhexyl-2-ethylhexyl-phosphonate resin to separate scandium(Ⅲ)from large amounts of other metal ions were reported.A me-thod for the separation and determination of microamount of scandium has been developed.This methodgives higher accuracy and reproducibility than solvent extraction with PMBP,especially,for the samplescontaining high content of titanium.Many shortcomings of other methods ever reported can be overcomeby the present method.     

SOME ASPECTS OF THE THERMODYNAMICS OF MELTS

为了从二元系中两组元活度的测定值之比求得该两组元的活度值,导出了一个变通的 Gibbs-Duhem 方程式,并在 PbCl_2-SnCl_2,PbCl_2-CdCl_2,AgCl-CuCl,Cu_2S-FeS,PbO-BiO_(1.5),PbO-SbO_(1.5),CaO-CaF_2及 CaO-SiO_2-CaF_2等冶金熔体中得到应用.多年前所发展的从 Ag 和 Pb 二元相图求得两组元活度的方法已扩大到含有单个 AB 化合物的二元系.用这一方法已求得 In-Sb 和 Sn-Te 系中各组元的活度.在研究某些黑色冶金渣与金属间的平衡时,用一适当选择的非铁金属代替 Fe作为熔剂金属有助于克服某些实验上的困难.采用 Sn 或 Cu 与熔渣平衡研究了 CaO-SiO_2,CaO-Al_2O_3和 CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3体系.对 CaO-SiO_2二元系获得的数据可以认为具有足够的准确度来验证 Masson 模型的合理性.     

Study on bioleaching of primary chalcopyrite ore with thermoacidophilic archae

A high temperature-tolerating thermoacidophilic archae （TA） was isolated from water samples collected from a hot sulfur-containing spring in the Yunnan Province, China, and was used in bioleaching experiments of a low-grade chalcopyrite ore. The TA grow at temperatures ranging from 40 to 80℃, with 65℃ being the optimum temperature, and at pH values of l.5 to 4.0, with an optimum pH value of 2.0. The bioleaching experiments of the chalcvpyrite ore were conducted in both laboratory batch bioreactors and leaching columns. The results obtained from the bioreactor experiments showed that the TA bioleaching rate of copper reached 97% for a 12-day leaching period, while the bioleaching rate was 32.43% for thiobacillus ferrooxidans （Tf） leaching for the same leaching time. In the case of column leaching, tests of a two-phase leaching （196 days）, that is, a two-month （56 days） Tf leaching in the first phase, followed by a 140-day TA leaching in the second phase were performed. The average leaching rate of copper achieved for the 140-day TA leaching was 195mg/（L.d）, while for the control experiments, it was as low as 78mg/（L .d） for the Tf leaching, indicating that the TA possesses a more powerful oxidizing ability to the chalcopyrite than Tf Therefore, it is suggested that the two-phase leaching process be applied to .for the heap leaching operations, whereas, the TA can be used in the second phase when the temperature inside the heap has increased, and the primary copper sulfide minerals have already been partially oxidized with Tf beforehand in the first phase.     

3300mm轧机辊缝位置控制系统的研制

介绍3300mm中厚板可逆热轧机辊缝调整机构的组成,设计了3300mm轧机辊缝位置控制系统控制方案,给出了该方案中压下电机调速系统的设计过程,最终依据设计方案研制了辊缝控制系统,并在实际生产中运行使用。现场运行结果表明,用有准备切换逻辑无环流控制系统控制压下电机的辊缝位置,性能稳定,定位迅速,控制精度达到±0.3mm。宝钛集团使用该设备生产的钛及钛合金中厚板、镍板、锆及锆合金板等质量达到国际同类产品的先进水平。