Modeling recrystallization kinetics,grain sizes,and textures during multipass hot rolling

A physically based model for the evolution of recrystallization microstructures and textures during hot rolling of aluminum is presented. The approach taken differs from similar models developed for steels. The present model is based on recent experimental investigations directed toward identifying the nature of the nucleation sites for recrystallized grains of different crystallographic orientations. Particle stimulated nucleation (PSN) and nucleation from cube bands and grain boundary regions have been incorporated in the model. The multipass aspect complicates the modeling due to partial recrystallization between the rolling passes. Two different approaches have been suggested to handle this. The model has been applied to predictions of recrystallization kinetics, recrystallized grain sizes, and recrystallization textures during multipass hot rolling of aluminum. The predictions are reasonable compared to experimental results.     

Single-nucleotide polymorphism in the human mu opioid receptor gene alters beta-endorphin binding and activity: possible implications for opiate addiction

Opioid drugs play important roles in the clinical management of pain, as well as in the development and treatment of drug abuse. The mu opioid receptor is the primary site of action for the most commonly used opioids, including morphine, heroin, fentanyl, and methadone. By sequencing DNA from 113 former heroin addicts in methadone maintenance and 39 individuals with no history of drug or alcohol abuse or dependence, we have identified five different single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding region of the mu opioid receptor gene. The most prevalent SNP is a nucleotide substitution at position 118 (A118G), predicting an amino acid change at a putative N-glycosylation site. This SNP displays an allelic frequency of approximately 10% in our study population. Significant differences in allele distribution were observed among ethnic groups studied. The variant receptor resulting from the A118G SNP did not show altered binding affinities for most opioid peptides and alkaloids tested. However, the A118G variant receptor binds beta-endorphin, an endogenous opioid that activates the mu opioid receptor, approximately three times more tightly than the most common allelic form of the receptor. Furthermore, beta-endorphin is approximately three times more potent at the A118G variant receptor than at the most common allelic form in agonist-induced activation of G protein-coupled potassium channels. These results show that SNPs in the mu opioid receptor gene can alter binding and signal transduction in the resulting receptor and may have implications for normal physiology, therapeutics, and vulnerability to develop or protection from diverse diseases including the addictive diseases.     

UTRA/FDD RF Transceiver Requirements

Unified RF requirements are derived for an UMTS Terrestrial RadioAccess/Frequency Division Duplex (UTRA/FDD) compliant mobile transceiver. Aset of transceiver requirements are proposed with consideration to systemissues including duplex aspects. From these design-compatible requirements areproposed for each functional block in the transceiver.     

Teacher coverage of academic content and pupil achievement.

Reports on 2 studies relating teacher coverage of academic content to pupil achievement. In Exp I, 40 intermediate-grade teachers taught a 4-day content unit and estimated their coverage of each achievement item. Controlling for pupil ability and socioeconomic status, a partial correlation of .40 was obtained between teacher coverage and pupil achievement. In Exp II, 28 intermediate-grade teachers were randomly assigned to 2 groups. All teachers taught 2 content units with a 2-mo interval between. Order of teaching the 2 units was reversed for the 2 groups. Results differed for the 2 groups. However, several significant correlations were obtained between teacher coverage and pupil achievement, ranging up to .67. Teacher coverage scores for the 2 units were surprisingly stable, correlating .60 for 1 teacher group and .87 for the other. (8 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Binding energy of liquid4He calculated by the hypernetted-chain method

The hypernetted-chain (HNC) method for quantum many-body calculations is investigated in some detail by means of calculations of the binding energy and the equilibrium density for liquid⁴He. The calculations are done for six different two-body potentials, and the results are compared with experimental results and other theoretical results obtained by the lowest order constrained variation (LOCV) method. Our HNC results are, in general, quite different from the results obtained by the LOCV method—the LOCV binding energies are generally reduced by 2–5 K in the HNC calculations. The results are also very dependent on the chosen potential, especially at high densities.     

Investigating carbon/TiB2 materials for aluminum reduction cathodes

The wettable cathode is one of the most promising medium-term modifications to the Hall-Héroult process. For implementing this concept, cathode materials of anthracite or semigraphitized carbon matrices with TiB₂ (up to 50 wt. %) have been made and evaluated in the laboratory. In this article, the sodium penetration, abrasion resistance, electrical resistivity, and crushing strength are discussed in relation to the cathode performance in aluminum electrolysis.     

Kinetics of phenytoin in pregnant and non-pregnant rats

This report concerns the use of transaxillary thoracotomy for a variety of pulmonary, pleural, and mediastinal conditions in 50 patients. Primary and metastatic carcinomas, pneumothoraces, and benign lesions such as bronchogenic cysts and neurogenic tumors can be identified, evaluated, and treated with confidence. Reduced postoperative pain and morbidity, rapid return of arm and shoulder movements, reduced hospital stay, and excellent cosmetic result are among the advantages of this approach when compared with the usual posterolateral thoracotomy.