Optimal Distributed Location Management in Mobile Networks

An important issue in the design of future Personal Communication Services (PCS) networks is the efficient management of location information. In this paper, we consider a distributed database architecture for location management in which update and query loads of the individual databases are balanced. We obtain lower bounds to the worst-case delay in locating a mobile user, to the average delay, and to the call blocking probability. We then propose a dynamic location management algorithm that meets these lower bounds. The optimality of this algorithm with respect to these three performance measures, as well as simplicity, make it an appealing candidate for distributed location management in PCS networks.     

Epidemiology of enuresis in Turkish children

The treatment and favorable outcome of a bitch with uterine torsion and two retained fetuses are described. The condition was corrected surgically by ovariohysterectomy. Complications (i.e., septic shock, peritonitis, and hemostatic abnormalities) were managed with aggressive medical therapy. Torsion of the gravid uterus in dogs is a life-threatening condition which can have a successful outcome if medical complications encountered in the pre- and postoperative periods are treated quickly and effectively.     

过滤处理中新型陶瓷滤料的选用

介绍了新型陶瓷滤料的优良特性以及如何正确地选择使用。     

Reaction engineering studies of methane coupling in fluidised-bed reactors

The oxidative coupling of methane has been conducted in 30 and 60mm dia. fluidised-bed reactors. Methane conversions as high as 40% were achieved at isothermal conditions using methane/oxygen mixtures without diluents. At the same contact time the two reactors had similar selectivities to hydrocarbons. At 850°C the hydrocarbon selectivity decreased dramatically with increasing contact time but this effect was much less severe at lower temperatures. Axial gas concentration profiles through the catalyst bed in the 60mm reactor indicated that at 850°C there was a rapid consumption of oxygen and formation of products in the bottom section of the bed followed by a net loss of hydrocarbon in the oxygen-free zone. This loss was due to carbon formation on the catalyst which was circulated back to the oxygen-containing zone of the bed where the carbon was combusted.     

ⅢB族金属苯乙酰缩氨基硫脲配合物的合成、表征与抗肿瘤活性

合成了 Sc( )、Y ( )、L a( )与苯乙酰缩氨基硫脲形成的 1∶ 2型配合物。元素分析确定其分子式为 :ML2 Cl· n H2 O[M=Sc( ) ,Y( ) ,L a( ) ,n=0～ 5 ],用红外光谱、紫外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对该配合物进行了结构表征 ,研究了其摩尔电导和溶解性能 ,并测试了其抗肿瘤活性。     

The thermal kinetics of texture change and the analysis of texture variability for raw and roasted hazelnuts

Texture changes of hazelnuts which were dry roasted at temperatures from 120 to 180 °C, for durations ranging from 5 up to 60 min, were studied using instrumental analysis. The textural changes in hazelnuts were represented by the fracture force obtained from compression tests. The magnitudes of the parameters for the corresponding texture change model were determined using one step non‐linear regression. The order of the reaction was found by plotting isothermal curves of texture response against time; statistical analysis of the data showed that it was best represented by a first‐order reaction. The rate constants were assumed to have an Arrhenius‐type dependence on temperature. The activation energy and the frequency (pre‐exponential) factor at a reference temperature (150 °C) were determined to be 39.25 kJ mol^?1 and 0.0421 s^?1, respectively. Young's modulus and the fracture stress for roasted hazelnuts were calculated to be 4.93 and 1.54 MPa, respectively. Both roasting temperature and time had significant effects on the textural changes in hazelnuts, and the variability in the texture decreased during the roasting process. The physical properties of hazelnuts were correlated with the texture response. A possible major factor causing the high variability in texture was the internal cavity present at the core of each hazelnut. The development of a model of the thermal kinetics of texture change over a large roasting temperature and time range should allow optimization studies to be used for determining the best roasting schedule in terms of delivering the required product texture.     

Electrical properties of colloidal polyaniline‐2‐naphthalene sulfonic acid/graphene nanoparticle composite films

Polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites containing different weight percentages of graphene (GR) are chemically prepared in the presence of β‐naphthalene sulfonic acid (NSA) and characterized using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. The characterization results suggest that the composites are formed via the interconnected fibrillar structure forming the semi‐crystalline/amorphous configuration by the β‐napthalene sulfonic acid (β‐NSA). The conductivities of the composites suggest that the composites undergo by two different regions of I and II before and after 378 K. The electrical conductivity of the composites is increased by increasing temperature. The dependence of conductivity on temperature implies that the PANI‐NSA/GR composites are organic semiconductors. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:60–67, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Sub-30 nm gate template fabrication for nanoimprint lithography using spacer patterning technology

In this study, we present a spacer patterning technology for sub-30 nm gate template which is used for nano-scale MOSFETs fabrication. A spacer patterning technology using a poly-silicon micro-feature and a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) SiO2 spacer has been developed, and the sub-30 nm structures by conventional dry etching and chemical mechanical polishing are demonstrated. The minimum-sized features are defined not by the photolithography but by the CVD film thickness. Therefore, this technology yields a large-area template with critical dimension of minimum-sized features much smaller than that achieved by optical lithography.     

CO2, GDP and RET: An aggregate economic equilibrium analysis for Turkey

There is a worldwide interest in renewable electricity technologies (RETs) due to growing concerns about global warming and climate change. As an EU candidate country whose energy demand increases exponentially, Turkey inevitably shares this common interest on RET. This study, using an aggregate economic equilibrium model, explores the economic costs of different policy measures to mitigate CO₂ emissions in Turkey. The model combines energy demands, capital requirements and labor inputs at a constant elasticity of substitution under an economy-wide nested production function. Growing energy demand, triggered by economic growth, is met by increased supply and initiates new capacity additions. Investment into RET is encouraged via the incorporation of (a) endogenous technological learning through which the RET cost declines as a function of cumulative capacity, and (b) a willingness to pay (WTP) function which imposes the WTP of consumers as a lower bound on RET installation. The WTP equation is obtained as a function of consumer income categories, based on data gathered from a pilot survey in which the contingent valuation methodology was employed. The impacts of various emission reduction scenarios on GDP growth and RET diffusion are explored. As expected, RET penetration is accelerated under faster technological learning and higher WTP conditions. It is found that stabilizing CO₂ emissions to year 2005 levels causes economic losses amounting to 17% and 23% of GDP in the years 2020 and 2030, respectively.