拟建鄱阳湖水利枢纽对湖区水环境容量的影响

采用水动力水质模型模拟了鄱阳湖在极端退水年(2016年)和一般退水年(2017年)两种退水工况下拟建鄱阳湖水利枢纽建设前后的水动力水质过程,并构建湖区水环境容量模型评估了鄱阳湖拟建水利枢纽对湖区水质和水环境容量的影响。模拟结果表明：枢纽建设运行能显著增加鄱阳湖的水体体积,每月最大可增加77%;在退水初期主要降低湖泊中部的TP质量浓度,在极端退水年的退水后期会导致闸上TP质量浓度升高,在一般退水年则会导致闸上TP质量浓度降低,但对COD_Mn和NH₃-N质量浓度空间分布无明显影响;在极端退水年,枢纽建设运行会导致COD_Mn、NH₃-N和TP质量浓度增大,而在一般退水年则会导致TP的质量浓度降低;枢纽建设运行能显著提升COD_Mn和NH₃-N的水环境容量,在一般退水年会增大TP的水环境容量,但在极端退水年TP的水环境容量可能降低。     

惠安女服饰纹样研究

惠安女服饰有独特的地域特点,被列入国家非物质文化遗产保护项目,其服饰纹样形式多样,内容丰富,色彩强烈,呈现出特定的文化内涵。通过实地调研惠安女服饰纹样的设计种类、表现手法、色彩运用,论述了惠安女服饰纹样的文化内涵,该服饰纹样的研究有利于文化遗产的保护。     

Microstructure characterization of reinforcements in in-situ synthesized composites of Al-Zr-O system

A novel in-situ reaction system Al-Zr-O was developed. In-situ Al3Zr and Al2O3 particulates reinforced aluminum matrix composites were fabricated by the direct melt reaction technique in the Al-Zr-O system. Microstructures of the composites and crystal morphology of in-situ formed Al3Zr and Al2O3 particulates were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results indicate that in-situ formed Al3 Zr and Al2O3 particles are finer and well distributed in aluminum matrix. Al3Zr particulates with a tetragonal structure are mainly in the shape of polyhedron. A few of them are in the form of rectangle. The length/width ratio of the rectangular Al3Zr is less than 2.0 and the maximum size is 2μm. In addition, a certain number of Al2O3 submicro particles with a hexagonal structure are also generated in this system. Furthermore, it is found that Al3Zr crystal grows by the mechanism of twinning. The twin plane is (114). The twinning direction is [221]. The tensile tests show that the composites synthesized in the Al-Zr-O system exhibits high strength and ductility. There are a lot of ripples with fine particles on the fracture. The principal strengthening mechanisms for (Al3Zr Al2O3 )p/Al composites may include Orowan strengthening, grain-refining strengthening, solid-solution strengthening and dislocation strengthening.     

炼钢脱氧用铝线的无结晶器水平连续铸造

介绍了用废旧纯铝料，在特殊的固体燃料反射炉中连续熔化，水平连铸成（３．０～９．５）ｍｍ铝线坯的工艺流程及设备。经过试验，确定是一种生产炼钢脱氧用铝线的经济、有效的工艺方法。     

Deformation behavior ofA6063 tube with initial thickness deviation in free hydraulic bulging

Experiment on seamless tubes of aluminum alloy A6063 with initial thickness deviation of 0-20% was conducted through a free hydraulic bulging with tube ends free. The influence of initial thickness deviation on the cross-section profile, thickness distribution, maximum internal pressure and maximum radial expansion was investigated. FEM simulation was also performed in order to examine and help explaining the experimental results. The results indicate that the internal pressure and maximum internal pressure appear to be little influenced by the initial thickness deviation, and that the cross-section profile of the bulged tube changes diversely and can not be a perfect circle. The results also suggest that the increase in initial thickness deviation may lead to a remarkable decrease in maximum radial expansion, and a rapid increase in thickness deviation and the center eccentricity of the inner and outer profiles.     

Effects of deformation on microstructures and properties of submicron crystalline Cu-5%Cr alloy

Warm extrusion of submicron crystalline Cu-5%Cr from 100 ℃ to 600 ℃ was investigated. The effects of different extrusion ratios and different extrusion temperatures on microstructures and properties of submicron crystalline Cu-5%Cr were studied. The microstructures of the extruded Cu-5%Cr were characterized by backscattered electron irnages（BSE） and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. The mechanical properties of the extruded Cu-5%Cr were measured by means of microhardness and tension test. The results show that, the deformation, dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization of the extruded Cu-5%Cr are mainly produced in Cu matrix. The higher extrusion ratio leads to more uniform microstructure and finer Cu grains. When being extruded in the range of 100-600 ℃, dynamic recovery of Cu is the dominant process, and dynamic recrystallization of Cu occurred above 300 ℃ is far from end. The most part of microstructure of as-extruded Cu-5%Cr is subcrystaUines produced by dynamic recovery, only a few recrystallines exist, and the average size of these grains is not larger than 400 nm. With extrusion temperature rising, the tensile strength and microhardness of Cu-5%Cr decrease, and elongation increases gradually.     

一种新的相位角编码量子进化算法

针对具有连续解空间的数值函数优化问题,基于量子算法和实数编码进化算法的思想,提出一种新的相位角编码量子进化算法(PAQEA).算法的概率表达特性使得量子染色体能够以一定概率表达优化问题的所有可行解,结合动态量子旋转门实现染色体的进化,实现了算法局部搜索与全局搜索的平衡.理论分析证明了算法的全局收敛性.仿真结果表明,该算法适用于复杂数值函数优化问题,具有收敛速度快、搜索能力强和稳定性高的特点.     

基于自适应特征融合的粒子滤波目标跟踪算法

提出了一种基于自适应特征融合的粒子滤波跟踪算法,用于解决传统的粒子滤波跟踪方法在复杂背景下容易跟踪失败的问题。该算法选取颜色特征和边缘特征来描述目标,并通过粒子滤波进行特征融合,根据可靠性因子调整各特征的权值系数;在跟踪过程中,随着目标自身形变,自适应更新目标模板。实验结果表明,在复杂背景下以及受到遮挡时,本算法能够准确稳健地跟踪目标。     

一种宽量程气压传感器的接口电路设计与测试标定

高空探测气压传感器,其特点是测量量程宽,满足常压到极低压(10 hPa)测量,因此,专用型压阻式气压传感器输出信号检测与数模转换接口电路的设计,是推广高空探测气压传感器应用的关键技术之一,具有十分重要的现实意义和广阔的使用前景。本文针对宽量程检测特点设计了压阻式气压传感器专用接口电路,解决了传感器微小电阻变化量的检测问题,并对传感器性能进行测试分析与标定,可实现传感器全量程误差不超过2.6 hPa,并实现数字化输出,完成传感器接口电路设计。     

乌江渡水电站水库网箱养殖对环境的影响及对策措施研究

文章从对水体富营养化的影响、对水质的影响、对水生生物的影响、对底质的影响、对库湾水文条件的影响5个方面分析了乌江渡水电站水库网箱养殖对环境的影响,以及对解决这些问题的对策措施进行了介绍和探讨.