基于汽车后视系统的短焦距超广角镜头光学设计

充分考虑了鱼眼镜头的特点,设计了一款应用于汽车后视系统的短焦距超广角镜头。系统焦距3.2mm,F数为2.0,全视场角179°,系统总长17.5mm。采用6片式结构,所有镜片均为球面未采用非球面,大大降低了成本,并对各像差曲线进行了分析,全视场MTF值在100lp/mm达到0.5以上,系统结构简单紧凑,像质优良。     

粗糙目标光外差信号特性对探测阈值的影响

传统目标回波光外差探测使用高斯分布等简单模型来描述,这常常导致判决误差.笔者提出利用多项式对实际目标测量数据进行拟合,给出较准确的概率分布曲线.通过对某装甲车表面样块多组测量数据的统计分析显示,利用多项式拟合来确定判决阈值,比起用简单的高斯分布来确定阈值,可以获得更高的检测概率和更低的误警概率.研究表明,对实测中频信号的统计直方图进行多项式拟合,有利于精确设置探测阈值,可以使检测概率提高6.02%,误警概率降低7.7%.文中结果为粗糙面回波外差探测系统设计提供定量参考,也为探测系统性能评估仿真提供依据.     

地质统计学反演在海上地震资料处理中的应用

面对海上地震资料频带有限、测井稀少且分布特殊的问题,以珠江口盆地惠州凹陷A油田为例,研究了用于储层精细描述的地质统计学方法的应用技巧,客观评价其识别效果。最终证明了在提高地震分辨率和合理选取变差函数的基础上,可以取得符合油藏研究精度的地球物理反演结果,推进了地质统计学方法在海洋环境下的应用。     

N-羟丙基-2-吲哚基俘精酰亚胺的合成及光致变色性能初探

以3-甲基吲哚和亚异丙基丁二酸二乙酯为起始原料,经过六步反应合成N-羟丙基-2-吲哚基俘精酰亚胺.紫外-可见吸收光谱表明,该俘精酰亚胺在不同溶剂中呈现出不同的最大吸收波长,且在非质子型溶剂中显示了可逆的光致变色性,在光致变色服装材料的制备中具有一定的应用价值.     

An optimization model of UAV route planning for road segment surveillance

Unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） was introduced to take road segment traffic surveillance. Considering the limited UAV maximum flight distance, UAV route planning problem was studied. First, a multi-objective optimization model of planning UAV route for road segment surveillance was proposed, which aimed to minimize UAV cruise distance and minimize the number of UAVs used. Then, an evolutionary algorithm based on Pareto optimality technique was proposed to solve multi-objective UAV route planning problem. At last, a UAV flight experiment was conducted to test UAV route planning effect, and a case with three scenarios was studied to analyze the impact of different road segment lengths on UAV route planning. The case results show that the optimized cruise distance and the number of UAVs used decrease by an average of 38.43% and 33.33%, respectively. Additionally, shortening or extending the length of road segments has different impacts on UAV route planning.     

Comparative analysis of different methods for image enhancement

Image enhancement technology plays a very important role to improve image quality in image processing. By enhancing some information and restraining other information selectively, it can improve image visual effect. The objective of this work is to implement the image enhancement to gray scale images using different techniques. After the fundamental methods of image enhancement processing are demonstrated, image enhancement algorithms based on space and frequency domains are systematically investigated and compared. The advantage and defect of the above-mentioned algorithms are analyzed. The algorithms of wavelet based image enhancement are also deduced and generalized. Wavelet transform modulus maxima（WTMM） is a method for detecting the fractal dimension of a signal, it is well used for image enhancement. The image techniques are compared by using the mean（μ）,standard deviation（？）, mean square error（MSE） and PSNR（peak signal to noise ratio）. A group of experimental results demonstrate that the image enhancement algorithm based on wavelet transform is effective for image de-noising and enhancement. Wavelet transform modulus maxima method is one of the best methods for image enhancement.     

信息革命与软实力

当代信息革命对世界的影响重大而深远,世界从此步入了信息时代。信息时代就是软实力的时代。国家之间软实力的竞争不一定是一国所得必是他国所失的零和博弈。软实力的发展是可以实现双赢局面的。     

水下控制腔内部自然对流换热特性及其影响因素研究

海洋装备电子控制腔有效散热能力是其持续工作的重要保证。以含内热源的封闭腔体为研究对象,采用基于Boussinesq近似的零方程模型对腔内空气的湍流自然对流进行建模,并使用有限体积法完成数值计算,分析了腔体内部温度分布和空气流动规律。结合控制腔功能设计要求,着重讨论了热源不同位置,铝合金隔板厚度和间距等因素对气密腔体内自然对流散热效果的影响规律。研究的结果为海底长周期运行装备控制腔热设计提供了参考依据。     

水力空化联合H2O2降解壳聚糖的研究

利用水力空化装置对壳聚糖溶液进行了降解实验。分析了壳聚糖浓度、入口压力、p H值、温度、H2O2浓度等不同因素对壳聚糖溶液降解的影响。结果表明:水力空化对壳聚糖的降解程度随壳聚糖浓度的增加而减小,随着入口压力及水温的增加而增大;在一定条件下,水力空化对壳聚糖的降解存在着一个最佳的p H值;水力空化联合H2O2强化处理大大增强了降解的效果。该方法既能减少氧化剂的投放,也能提高降解的效率。     

箕斗定量装载系统缓冲仓的强度和稳定性分析

缓冲仓是箕斗定量装载系统中的关键部件,物料的不同载荷作用将导致缓冲仓发生破坏。文章根据承载能力极限状态和壳体薄膜理论研究缓冲仓的强度和稳定性条件,通过ANSYS Workbench研究缓冲仓的应力分布状态,利用Linear Bucking模块对缓冲仓进行线性屈曲分析。结果表明:缓冲仓的最大等效应力并不是位于筒仓最底部与环梁相接处,而是距离环梁约1.8 m处,此处引起仓壁应力的急剧变化,产生"象腿"破坏现象;缓冲仓发生结构屈曲破坏主要由径向大变形引起,随着储料载荷的增大,结构在发生屈曲破坏前已出现强度破坏,缓冲仓的主要破坏形式为强度破坏。