基于符号学的产品设计新探

从人机工程学的原理出发,对符号学在产品设计中的应用进行了探讨,从而使使用者能方便、准确、安全、健康地使用产品.     

封闭多井油藏中的压力恢复分析

A general method has been developed for analyzing pressure buildup data from a well located in a system with both production and injection wells in a closed, bounded two-phase flow reservoir. The proposed method enables one to calculate the total mobility or permeability-thickness product, the skin factor, the average drainage-area pressure and the injection-production ratio （at the instant of shut-in） with accuracy from pressure buildup （or falloff） data dominated by a linear trend of reservoir pressure. Out of thousands of well tests, several typical field examples have been presented to illustrate the application of the proposed method for analyzing pressure transient data from a well located in a water-injection multiwell reservoir. And the possible application of this method to heterogeneous systems such as naturally fractured reservoirs is also discussed. Approaches to aid practicing engineers in verifying the buildup interpretation （or recognizing the interference of offset wells） are presented. Extension of the presented method to a gas well located in a multiwell gas reservoir is also suggested     

压力保持系统中一口井的压力恢复分析

The development and application of a new solution is demonstrated for the type-curve analysis and interpretation of well test data from a multiwell reservoir system of both production and injection wells with two-phase flow. The buildup type curves or buildup behavior could be obtained through the solution by using superposition. But a new outer boundary condition for variable pressure boundary must be introduced to obtain the correct pressure buildup solutions by superposition. A technique is shown to determine the deviation time from the infinite-acting semilog radial flow stabilization in the derivatives of pressure, which is calculated with respect to and plotted vs. shut-in time.
Field examples are given to illustrate the use of the proposed method for analyzing transient pressure data from a well located in a multi-well water-injection reservoir. An adaptive genetic algorithm-based method is used to match the pressure and pressure derivative data to estimate reservoir parameters. The validity and applicability of the proposed method are also demonstrated through the examples.     

插值小波自适应求解层状介质波传问题

利用多尺度插值小波理论,提出一种适合于求解一般边界层状介质波传问题的快速自适应配点算法。将问题放在多尺度插值空间中进行,其插值小波系数与物理空间点一一对应,可简单快速地处理非线性、边界等。使非均匀变化的响应得到自适应压缩存储,改善了计算效率。地震勘探中数值实例显示了方法良好的潜力。     

P-SV波反射系数的一种近似算法及其在AVO资料反演中的意义

本文推导出作为射线参数函数的平面转换横波（Ｐ－ＳＶ）反射系数的一个近似公式，该近似式说明在非线入射时，Ｐ－ＳＶ波反射系数主要取决于两个弹性参数；（１）△μ／ρ反射界面两侧切变模量差与平均体密度之比；和（２）△ρ／ρ，反射界面两侧介质密度之差与平均体密度之比，文中还给出了数值实例，以说明该式的计算精度，同时分析了其适用范围，并与△ｋｉ和Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓ（１９８０）的近似式的数值结果作了比较。本文采用     

用于运动会安防工程的小型激光器的研制

介绍了一种在大型运动会安保工程使用的一种小型化无水冷激光器,激光器采用Cr4+∶YAG作为被动Q开关,在重复频率2 Hz情况下可获得20～38 mJ的输出能量。为改善激光器的性能如稳定性和可靠性,激光工作物质采用了Nd∶Ce∶YAG键合晶体,并且使用角锥棱镜作为谐振腔的高反镜。在夏天炎热天气条件下,近50台激光器工作稳定可靠。     

小生境遗传算法在反演堤坝地震勘探数据中的应用

基于反演问题的不确定性和目标函数的多峰性,本文提出引入小生境遗传算法,采用自适应控制交配概率和变异概率,求解出目标函数的若干个局部峰(或全局峰),然后利用先验知识,判定得到满意解。本文对实测资料进行了层速度与厚度的反演,通过实际值与反演值的比较,验证了进行多峰优化的有效性。     

粗纱机噪声声功率级的测定与分析

本文以 A 456 C 粗纱机为典型,阐述噪声声功率级单机测试验证方法并分析计算结果,所得出结论对控制纺织机械噪声具有积极意义。     

冲击地压前兆信息识别的扩容理论

将煤体的破裂变形分为3个阶段,即弹性阶段、非线性阶段与突变阶段。用3个特征量描述了煤体扩容变化的过程,即体积压缩、稳定扩容及扩容突变。建立了冲击地压的扩容模型,扩容理论解释了冲击地压前兆信息的稳定性与突变性,是冲击地压前兆信息识别的理论基础。并采用RFPA软件验证了扩容突变与声发射前兆信息的关系。     

OpenGL技术在地震数据可视化中的应用

ＯｐｅｎＧＬ（Ｏｐｅｎ Ｇｒａｐｈｉｃｓ Ｌｉｂｒａｒｙ）是近年发展起来的一个性能卓越的应用编程接口（ＡＰＩ）,它已经成为三维图形设计的工业标准。随着计算机软硬件水平的不断提高,可视化技术在数据处理与解释工作中的地位也日益突出。本文探讨了利用ＯｐｅｎＧＬ技术实现地震数据可视化以及交互操作的若干潜在可能性。