1960年以来中国天山冰川面积及气候变化

Based on the statistics of glacier area variation measured in the Chinese Tianshan Mountains since 1960, the response of glacier area variation to climate change is discussed systematically. As a result, the total area of the glaciers has been reduced by 11.5% in the past 50 years, which is a weighted percentage according to the glacier area variations of 10 drainage basins separated by the Glacier Inventory of China (GIC). The annual percentage of area changes (APAC) of glaciers in the Chinese Tianshan Mountains is 0.31% after the standardization of the study period. The APAC varies widely for different drainage basins, but the glaciers are in a state of rapid retreat, generally. According to the 14 meteorological sta-tions in the Chinese rianshan Mountains, both the temperature and precipitation display a marked increasing tendency from 1960 to 2009 at a rate of 0.34～C.(10a)<'-1> and 11 mm.(10a)<'-1>,respectively. The temperature in the dry seasons (from November to March) increases rapidly at a rate of 0.46℃.(10a)<'-1>, but the precipitation grows slowly at 2.3 mm.(10a)<'-1>. While the temperature in the wet seasons (from April to October) grows at a rate of 0.25℃.(10a)<'-1>, but the precipitation increases at 8.7 mm.(10a)<'-1>. The annual and seasonal climatic trends ac-celerate the retreat of glaciers.     

SP-4浆料在涤棉品种上浆中的应用探索

本文说明了当前不PVA浆料发展的趋势，分析了涤棉品种上浆完全不用PVA浆料需要解决的技术问题，在实践中与浆料生产厂家共同探索了以马铃薯淀粉为原料的SP-4复合浆料使用。     

初凝超30 min超早强UHPC制备及其机理

针对既有交通线路快速抢通和抢通后寿命确保的需要，研发了具有足够施工时间的超早强(数小时达到开放强度)超高性能混凝土(UHPC)。基于最大密实度理论的UHPC配方，试验研究了普通硅酸盐水泥(OPC)替代率对硫铝酸盐-硅酸盐复合体系(SAC-OPC体系)混凝土力学性能与施工性能的影响，确定了OPC替代率；通过正交试验确定影响SAC-OPC体系混凝土力学性能和工作性能的早强组分(硫酸锂、硫酸铝)、增强组分(纳米碳酸钙)、调凝组分(粉体缓凝剂、四硼酸钠),制备了初凝时间36 min、3 h抗压/抗折强度41.4/17.0 MPa的超早强UHPC,以及初凝时间40 min、3 h抗压/抗折强度36.2/13.9 MPa的超早强UHPC。通过SEM和XRD分析，探究了具有足够施工时间超早强UHPC的性能形成机理。结果表明：随OPC替代率增大，UHPC的凝结时间先减后增，扩展度持续增大，早期力学性能大致呈下降趋势，后期力学性能大致呈上升趋势；超早强与初凝时间延长主要源于协同水化作用与早强组分、增强组分和调凝组分的累加效应。