The formation of titania polymorphs under hydrothermal condition

The formation process of crystal polymorphs of titania under hydrothermal condition is studied. According to the experimental results and theoretic analysis, the formation process of crystal polymorphs can be described as a unit process. It includes the formation of growth units, the formation of nuclei through the polymerization of growth unit, and the growth of crystallites. The influence of the environmental phase and growth conditions on the formation of polymorphs is reflected in the changes of the structures of growth units. For example, when changing the pH of the reaction medium, the structure of growth unit with the highest stable energy in the hydrothermal system changes. Then different titania polymorphs can be prepared. The absorption, movement, crystallization or desorption of the growth unit are related to crystalline structure. On the other hand, the formation of crystal inner defects is related to the disturbance of the crystallizing process.     

Formation of zirconia polymorphs under hydrothermal conditions

Using zirconium oxychloride solution as precursor, monoclinic zirconia crystallites with narrow distribution of nanosize were obtained in the hydrothermal reaction. However, when the reaction was in weak acidic medium or base medium, whether directly using the colloidal precipitate prepared from zirconium salt solutions with base solution as precursor added, or using the precipitate after filtrating, washing and drying treatments as precursor, the product of the hydro-thermal reaction was the mixture of both monoclinic and tetragonal polymorphs. As the pH of the medium rises, the content of tetragonal phase in the product, the morphologies and size of the crystallites all change. There are three types of formation mechanisms under hydrothermal condition, which can be called as saturation-precipitation mechanism in homogeneous solution, dissolution-crystallization mechanism and in-situ crystallization mechanism, respectively. The formation mechanism of crystallites varies with different hydrothermal condi     

水热介质pH值对纳米(Ce)ZrO2晶粒制备的影响

用水热法制得纳米 (Ce)ZrO2 粉体 ,其晶粒粒度为 3～ 7nm ,而且为单一分散。用XRD、TEM分析了水热媒介pH值对粒度、m相含量、晶粒形貌的影响关系。结果表明 :水热煤介 pH值增大 ,ZrO2 晶粒也增大 ;pH值减小至酸性时 ,ZrO2 晶粒中出现部分m相 ,且晶粒易团聚     

水热盐溶液卸压法制备氧化物粉体

本文采用一种新的水热粉体制备方法-水热盐溶液卸压法,制得了α-Al₂O₃粉体、AlO（OH）纤维以及ZrO₂和AlO（OH）复合氧化物粉体．发现以1mol／LAl（NO₃）₃溶液作为前驱物,0．2mol／LFe（NO₃）₃为添加剂,在300℃可制得α－Al₂O₃粉体．以1mol／LAl（NO₃）₃溶液为前驱物;1mol／LKBr为添加剂,在350℃可制得长径比为13：1的AlO（OH）纤维．当采用AlCl₃、ZrOCl₂溶液为前驱物,Zr/Al的比例为1：3时,在240℃可制得纤维状AlO(OH)颗粒和球形ZrO₂颗粒的复合氧化物粉体．