混凝耦合多孔陶瓷膜净化河水简

Membrane filtration technology combined with coagulation is widely used to purify river water. In this study, micro filtration （MF） and ultrafiltration （UF） ceramic membranes were combined with coagulation to treat local river water located at Xinghua, Jiangsu province, China. The operation parameters, fouling mechanism and pilot-scale tests were investigated. The results show that the pore size of membrane has small effect on the pseudo-steady flux for dead-end filtration, and the increase of flux in MF process is more than that in UF process for cross-flow filtration with the same increase of cross-flow velocity. The membrane pore size has little influence on the water quality. The analysis on membrane fouling mechanism shows that the cake filtrationhas significant in fluence on the pseudo-steady flux and water quality for the membrane with pore size of 50, 200 and 500 nm. For the membrane with pore size of 200 nm and backwashing employed in our pilot study, a constant flux of 150 L-m^-2-h^-1 was reached during stable operation, with the removal efficiency of turbidity, total organic carbon （TOC） and UV254 higher than 99%, 45% and 48%, respectively. The study demonstrates that coagulation-porous ceramic membrane hybrid process is a reliable method for river water purification.     

PDMS/陶瓷复合膜用于正丁醇-水体系的渗透汽化分离

Pervaporation has attracted considerable interest owing to its potential application in recovering biobutanol from biomass acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation broth. In this study, butanol was recovered from its aqueous solution using a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/ceramic composite pervaporation membrane. The effects of operating temperature, feed concentration, feed flow rate and operating time on the membrane pervaporation per-formance were investigated. It was found that with the increase of temperature or butanol concentration in the feed, the total flux through the membrane increased while the separation factor decreased slightly. As the feed flow rate increased, the total flux increased gradually while the separation factor changed little. At 40 C and 1% (by mass) butanol in the feed, the total flux and separation factor of the membrane reached 457.4 g•m2•h1 and 26.1, respec-tively. The membrane with high flux is suitable for recovering butanol from ABE fermentation broth.     

钯/陶瓷膜催化剂的制备及其催化性能

采用硅烷偶联剂KH792对陶瓷膜表面进行改性,再利用浸渍还原法制备了钯/陶瓷膜催化剂,并以对硝基苯酚催化加氢为模型反应研究其催化性能,主要考察了制备参数对钯/陶瓷膜催化剂催化性能的影响。结果表明:硅烷偶联剂的改性条件、钯盐溶液浸渍条件以及水合肼还原条件均显著影响钯/陶瓷膜催化剂的催化性能。合适的的制备条件为硅烷偶联剂KH792浓度0.2 g/L,改性时间8 h;钯浸渍溶液浓度0.040 mol/L,浸渍温度30℃,浸渍时间18 h;水合肼还原温度0℃,还原30 min。在该条件下制备的钯/陶瓷膜催化剂在对硝基苯酚催化加氢反应中具有较好的催化性能,其加氢速率达到17.2 mol/(h·m2)。     

第九届国际膜与膜过程会议(ICOM 2011)回顾与展望

2011年7月23日至29日,国际膜与膜过程会议(ICOM 2011)在荷兰阿姆斯特丹市召开,来自世界各地的1000多名专家、学者齐聚一堂,分享其在膜科学领域的最新研究成果.本文简要介绍ICOM 2011国际会议的概况、膜领域的研究现状、热点领域及发展趋势,并阐述ICOM 2014即将在中国苏州召开的重要意义.     

限域传质分离膜

阐述了限域传质分离膜的研究背景及现状,分析了该领域面临的关键科学问题及研究思路,介绍了我国在此领域的研究进展,并提出了未来的发展方向。     

多孔陶瓷膜反应器用于非均相超细纳米催化的研究进展(英文)

Heterogeneous catalysts with ultrafine or nano particle size have currently attracted considerable attentions in the chemical and petrochemical production processes, but their large-scale applications remain challenging because of difficulties associated with their efficient separation from the reaction slurry. A porous ceramic membrane reactor has emerged as a promising method to solve the problem concerning catalysts separation in situ from the reaction mixture and make the production process continuous in heterogeneous catalysis. This article presents a review of the present progress on porous ceramic membrane reactors for heterogeneous catalysis, which covers classification of configurations of porous ceramic membrane reactor, major considerations and some important industrial applications. A special emphasis is paid to major considerations in term of application-oriented ceramic membrane design, optimization of ceramic membrane reactor performance and membrane fouling mechanism. Finally, brief concluding remarks on porous ceramic membrane reactors are given and possible future research interests are also outlined.     

用于TS-1催化苯酚羟基化的一体式催化/膜过滤系统的模型研究

This research is focused on the development of a simple design model of the submerged catalysis/ membrane filtration (catalysis/MF) system for phenol hydroxylation over TS-1 based on the material balance of the phenol under steady state and the reported kinetic studies. Based on the developed model, the theoretical phenol conversions at steady state could be calculated using the kinetic parameters obtained from the previous batch ex-periments. The theoretical conversions are in good agreement with the experimental data obtained in the submerged catalysis/MF system within relative error of ±5%. The model can be used to determine the optimal experimental conditions to carry out the phenol hydroxylation over TS-1 in the submerged catalysis/MF system.     

一/二价离子分离膜材料研究进展

一/二价离子分离膜在能源存储和转换、污染监测和控制、清洁工业过程等领域发挥重要作用。本文旨在回顾近年来一/二价离子分离膜材料的研究进展,重点综述聚合物膜、混合基质膜及金属有机骨架和二维材料等新型膜用于一/二价离子分离的研究现状,深入讨论界面聚合、层层组装、沉积、共混等不同制备方法对膜微结构和分离性能的影响,探讨一/二价离子分离膜面临的主要挑战和未来研究方向。     

新型Al2O3掺杂的SrCo0.8Fe0.2O3-δ混合导体透氧膜材料的性能

采用固相反应法制备了Al₂O₃掺杂的SrCo_0.8Fe_0.2O_3-δ(SCFA)新型钙钛矿型混合导体材料.对材料进行的结构分析表明,Al³⁺离子进入SrCo_0.8Fe_0.2O_3-δ(SCF)晶胞间隙位,降低了材料的氧非化学计量系数,并有效提高了材料的结构稳定性;对不同厚度的SCFA3［Al₂O₃掺杂量为3%（质量）］片式膜的氧渗透性能测定结果表明,SCFA3膜的氧渗透过程受到表面交换过程和体扩散过程的共同影响,其临界厚度约为131.5 μm;二氧化碳热分解(TDCD)耦合甲烷部分氧化(POM)膜反应过程（反应温度1173 K）表明,Al₂O₃掺杂的SrCo_0.8Fe_0.2O_3-δ较SrCo_0.4Fe_0.2O_3-δ (SCFZ) 具有更加优异的稳定性.