顺丁烯二酸酐在单一溶剂和混合溶剂中的固液平衡研究

Solid-liquid equilibria (SLE) of three binary systems and seven ternary systems containing maleic anhydride(MA) are measured by visual method. The experimental data are compared with the calculated ones with modified universal quasichemical functional group activity coefficient(UNIFAC) method in which the interaction parameters between groups come from two sources, dortmund data bank(DDB), if there’s any, and correlations based on our former presented experimental SLE data of twenty binary systems. New groups of MA, ACCOO group, COO group, ＞C=O group and cy-CH2 group are defined and the SLE data of maleic anhydride in isopropyl acetate in literature are cited in order to assess the new interaction parameters, correlated with Wilson equation and the λh equation. The modified UNIFAC method with these new regressed interaction parameters is also used to predict other three binary systems containing maleic anhydride.     

酯化法合成戊二酸乙酯

以戊二酸和无水乙醇为原料，硫酸氢钠为催化剂合成戊二酸二乙酯，考察了影响收率的各种因素，确定了最佳反应条件为：戊二酸用量0．1mol时，无水乙醇与戊二酸的物质的量比为6．0，2．0g催化剂，25mL环乙烷作带水剂，反应时间1．5h，收率达79．1％，结果表明，硫酸氢钠是合成戊二酸二乙酯的优良催化剂。     

3-羟基丁酸的化学合成工艺研究

探讨了降解聚合物PHB的化学生产方法 ,重点研究了单体 3 羟基丁酸的化学合成工艺。以乙醛为原料 ,经羟醛缩合制备 3 羟基丁醛 ,再通过 3 羟基丁醛的液相氧化合成 3 羟基丁酸。利用压力反应装置 ,通过催化剂选择实验和正交试验 ,确定了 3 羟基丁醛氧化反应的合适催化剂和最佳反应条件。最佳反应条件为 :催化剂为钴醋酸盐 ,催化剂用量 0 .5 % (质量 ) ,溶剂为有机酸酯 ,溶剂用量 80 % (质量 ) ,反应时间30h ,反应温度 6 0℃ ,反应压力 0 .8MPa。在最佳反应条件下 ,3-羟基丁酸的平均收率达 81.75 %。     

Solid-Liquid Equilibria of Several Binary and Ternary Systems Containing Maleic Anhydride

Solid-liquid equilibria (SLE) of three binary systems and seven ternary systems containing maleic an-hydride(MA) are measured by visual method. The experimental data are compared with the calculated ones with modified universal quasichemical functional group activity coefficient(UNIFAC) method in which the interaction parameters between groups come from two sources, dortmund data bank(DDB), if there's any, and correlations based on our former presented experimental SLE data of twenty binary systems. New groups of MA, ACCOO group, COO group, >C=O group and cy-CH2 group are defined and the SLE data of rnaleic anhydride in isopropyl acetate in literature are cited in order to assess the new interaction parameters, correlated with Wilson equation and the λh equation. The modified UNIFAC method with these new regressed interaction parameters is also used to predict other three binary systems containing rnaleic anhydride.     

化工导论教学改革与实践

介绍了化工导论课程开设的背景,课程内容、教学方式和课程特色。指出通过本课程的教学使学生深入理解化工在国民经济中的地位和作用,激发学生学习自觉性。     

顺丁烯二酸酐在邻苯二甲酸酯中溶解度的研究

用综合法测定了顺丁烯二酸酐分别在邻苯二甲酸二甲酯 ,邻苯二甲酸二乙酯和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯中的溶解度数据 ,采用经验方程、λh方程及Wilson方程对数据进行了关联 ,结果表明上述体系的误差依次为λh方程较大 ,Wilson方程次之 ,经验方程较小 ,采用经验方程回归能够很好地关联溶解度数据 ,所得结果可用于过程选择及设计     

化工数据的查找及其估算

化工数据在化工计算中是必不可少的组成部分,因此化工工作者需要了解化工数据的各项相关知识。对使用者来说,查找数据首先是通过化工数据手册。善于利用优良的数据手册,结合网上信息,便可以最大限度获取可靠的实验值。但缺乏实验值时,选用合适的估算方法。最常用的化工数据估算方法分两类:对应状态法和基团贡献法。     

β-羟基丁酸的酯化研究

可生物降解塑料是解决“白色污染”的有效途径,β－羟基丁酸是制备可生物降解塑料的重要原料之一。本文分析了影响β－羟基丁酸酯化反应的各种因素,确定了β－羟基丁酸酯化制备β－羟基丁酸乙酯的最佳工艺条件。     

聚羟基丁酸酯的化学合成及生物降解性

提出了3 羟基丁酸乙酯本体聚合制备聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)的工艺,设计了一套制备PHB的试验装置,确定了反应的试验方案。试验结果表明:在一定的反应时间范围内,随反应系统的压力降低及反应时间的延长,产物的摩尔质量逐步升高。还对化学法合成和生物发酵制备的PHB进行了生物降解性研究,确定了假单胞杆菌为降解PHB的主要菌类,化学合成的PHB可以被土壤中的细菌完全降解。     

氨基酸在水溶液中的扩散系数

There are still limited experimental data of liquid diffusion coefficients in literature. Therefore, the experimental investigation and prediction model are of practical and theoretical significance. The diffusion coefficients of L-serine, L-threonine, L-arginine, in aqueous solution at 298. 15 K were measured respectively by holographic interferometer. The affecting factors of molecular structure and polarity were analyzed and discussed. Finally, a modified semi-empirical model for correlating the diffusion coefficients of solid organic compounds in aqueous solutions at 298. 15 K was proposed with an adjustable parameter added. The average deviation between model prediction values and experimental ones is less than 0.2%, which shows a considerably satisfactory accuracy.