Effect of rice bran crude lecithin blended diet on rumen ecology,metabolic profile,and milk fat indices affecting human health

Two experiments are conducted to find out the effect of rice bran crude lecithin on rumen ecology, milk fat quality, metabolic indices, and leptin (LEP) gene expression. In first experiment, 12 crossbred calves are randomly divided into two groups, that is, RBCL-0 and RBCL-6, and they are fed wheat straw based diet with concentrate mixture containing 0% RBCL (CM1) and 6% RBCL (CM2), respectively, for 120 d for rumen fermentation study. Ruminal ammonia-N and short chain fatty acids and rumen microbes are nonsignificantly affected in RBCL calves. In second experiment, 12 lactating cows are randomly divided into RBCL-0 and RBCL-6 groups and fed CM1 and CM2 concentrate along with napier grass as roughage. In milk fatty acid profile, C16:1 fatty acid is significantly lower while cis-C18:1 is significantly higher in the RBCL supplemented cows. The atherogenic index and thrombogenic index are 16 and 19% lower while health promoting index, polyunsaturated saturated fatty acids, and hypocholesterolaemic/hypercholesterolaemic are 16, 10, and 16, respectively, higher in RBCL-6 cows. The mean nonesterified fatty acid and β-hydroxy butyric acid value is lower while LEP gene expression is higher in RBCL supplemented cows than control cows. The milk income is higher in RBCL cows. Finally, it can be concluded that RBCL at 6% in concentrate mixture of dairy ration do not adversely affect the rumen ecology. Although RBCL has capacity to enhance health properties of milk fat along with profitability, still more studies are warranted. Practical applications: Cow milk has always been an important component of the human diet in the world. The milk composition, especially fat, is directly influenced by feeding regime in dairy animals. In the milk fat, the unsaturated fatty acids (mainly polyunsaturated fatty acids) help in improving the health condition of consumers along with the keeping quality of milk. In this series, rice bran crude lecithin was used in the dairy ration and found that it altered certain metabolic parameters and gene expression, which may be beneficial for animal health without altering rumen fermentation. Although RBCL substantially modify the milk fatty acid profile and improves the fat indices which will enhance the human health by protecting them from cardiovascular diseases.     

A Novel Approach to Investigate the Impact of Hetero-High-K Gate Stack on SiGe Junctionless Gate-All-Around (JL-GAA) MOSFET

Silicon - It is a well-known fact that the gate stacking is used to improve the electrostatic behavior of Si0.5Ge0.5 Junctionless Gate-All-Around (JL-GAA) MOSFETs. In gate stacking, the high-k...     

Impact of Temperature Variation on Analog,Hot-Carrier Injection and Linearity Parameters of Nanotube Junctionless Double-Gate-All-Around (NJL-DGAA) MOSFETs

Silicon - Silicon-based Nanotube Junction-less Double-Gate-All-Around (NJL-DGAA) MOSFETs has become a promising solution to high-speed ULSI chip design. However, the change in surrounding...     

DNACDS: Cloud IoE big data security and accessing scheme based on DNA cryptography

The Internet of Everything (IoE) based cloud computing is one of the most prominent areas in the digital big data world. This approach allows efficient infrastructure to store and access big real-time data and smart IoE services from the cloud. The IoE-based cloud computing services are located at remote locations without the control of the data owner. The data owners mostly depend on the untrusted Cloud Service Provider (CSP) and do not know the implemented security capabilities. The lack of knowledge about security capabilities and control over data raises several security issues. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) computing is a biological concept that can improve the security of IoE big data. The IoE big data security scheme consists of the Station-to-Station Key Agreement Protocol (StS KAP) and Feistel cipher algorithms. This paper proposed a DNA-based cryptographic scheme and access control model (DNACDS) to solve IoE big data security and access issues. The experimental results illustrated that DNACDS performs better than other DNA-based security schemes. The theoretical security analysis of the DNACDS shows better resistance capabilities.     

Small Molecule AIEgens for Illuminating Sub-Cellular Endoplasmic Reticulum,Mitochondria, and Lysosomes**

Organelles are the working hubs of the cells. Hence, visualizing these organelles inside the cells is highly important for understanding their roles in pathological states and development of therapeutic strategies. Herein, we report the development of a novel highly substituted oxazoles with modular scaffolds (AIE-ER, AIE-Mito, and AIE-Lyso), which can home into endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria, and lysosomes inside the cells. These oxazoles showed remarkable aggregation-induced emission (AIE) property in water and in the solid state due to dual intramolecular H-bonding, which was confirmed by pH- and temperature-dependent fluorescence studies followed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Confocal laser scanning microscopy studies revealed that AIE-ER, AIE-Mito, and AIE-Lyso efficiently homed into ER, mitochondria and lysosomes, respectively, in the HeLa cervical cancer cells and non-cancerous human retinal pigment epithelial RPE-1 cells within 3 h without showing any toxicity to the cells with high sub-cellular photostability. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of highly substituted oxazole-based small molecule AIEgens for organelle imaging. We anticipate these novel AIEgens have promise to image sub-cellular organelles in different diseased states as well as understanding the inter-organelle interactions towards the development of novel therapeutics.     

Emulating Neuromorphic and In-Memory Computing Utilizing Defect Engineering in 2D-Layered WSeOx and WSe2 Thin Films by Plasma-Assisted Selenization Process

The neuromorphic and in-memory computing using memristors are promising for the building of the next generation computing systems. However, the diffusion dynamics of metal ions/atoms inside the switching medium impose variability in conducting filament (CF) formation, thus limiting their use in von-Neumann architecture. The precise modulation on the diffusion of metal ions/atoms and their reduction/oxidation probability holds promise to overcome the speed, size, and energy issues of present-day computers. Here, this study shows that the diffusion of metal ions can be modulated by defects inside the switching medium and confines metal filaments in a precise 1D channel. This filament confinement by the defect engineering leads to an anomalous switching mechanism with two interchangeable modes: unipolar threshold and bipolar modes. The variation between two modes can be modulated by controlling defects in the structures, leading to a uniform switching with low SET/RESET voltage variations of 17.3% and −17.6%, respectively. Moreover, the convolutional neural network is implemented to emulate synaptic plasticity and image recognition to achieve recognition accuracy of 87% due to a highly linear weight update, demonstrating its potential for in-memory computing.     

A Charge Plasma Based Label Free Biomolecule Detector Using SiGe-Heterojunction Double Gate Tunnel FET

Silicon - To overcome the random dopant fluctuations (RDFs) and high thermal budget problems faced by normally doped Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (TFET) devices, charge plasma SiGe-heterojunction...     

Comprehensive review of low pull-in voltage RF NEMS switches

Microsystem Technologies - The present study focuses on state-of-the-art of the demand, operating principles, design parameters, different materials for beam and dielectric, already existing...     

A mini review on cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Sodium-ion batteries are becoming potential solutions for replacement of batteries due to the abundance of sodium reserves and high recycling costs of lithium-based batteries. Sodium-based layered oxides are being widely explored as positive electrode material for sodium-ion battery due to their high capacities and high energy densities. However, oxide-based systems do suffer from thermal stability issues and exhibit low power density. On the other hand, polyanionic-based compounds and Prussian blue analogues demonstrate appreciable thermal stabilities and are useful in high power density applications. This article reviews recent trends of these cathode materials.     

Ge-Source Based L-Shaped Tunnel Field Effect Transistor for Low Power Switching Application

Silicon - In this work, the performance of the heterojunction L-Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (LTFET) has been analyzed with different engineering techniques such as bandgap engineering, pocket...