Gelatin Meshes Enriched with Graphene Oxide and Magnetic Nanoparticles Support and Enhance the Proliferation and Neuronal Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

The field of tissue engineering is constantly evolving due to the fabrication of novel platforms that promise to stimulate tissue regeneration in the scenario of accidents. Here, we describe the fabrication of fibrous nanostructured substrates based on fish gelatin (FG) and enriched with graphene oxide (GO) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and demonstrate its biological properties in terms of cell viability and proliferation, cell adhesion, and differentiation. For this purpose, electrospun fibers were fabricated using aqueous precursors containing either only GO and only MNP nanospecies, or both of them within a fish gelatin solution. The obtained materials were investigated in terms of morphology, aqueous media affinity, tensile elasticity, and structural characteristics. The biological evaluation was assessed against adipose-derived stem cells by MTT, LDH, Live/Dead assay, cytoskeleton investigation, and neuronal trans-differentiation. The results indicate an overall good interaction and show that these materials offer a biofriendly environment. A higher concentration of both nanospecies types induced some toxic effects, thus 0.5% GO, MNPs, and GO/MNPs turned out to be the most suitable option for biological testing. Moreover, a successful neuronal differentiation has been shown on these materials, where cells presented a typical neuronal phenotype. This study demonstrates the potential of this scaffold to be further used in tissue engineering applications.     

弹载遥测防毁采编存储系统的设计

在航天航空的导弹数据采集领域中,针对遥测系统受环境因素影响较大,检测区域存在的"黑障"等问题,设计一种将遥测系统与防毁记录仪相结合的弹载遥测防毁采编存储系统;该系统通过设计防毁记录仪的内外层防护结构保证系统的抗高冲击性和稳定性;硬件方面通过设计56路模拟量信号的调理电路、模数转化电路以及多路RS422、LVDS数字量信号的光耦隔离式接口电路,实现多通道高压模拟量的采集和数字信号接收的功能;软件方面通过对系统总体逻辑设计及遥测发送模块的设计,实现对数据的采集、存储、发送与读取;最后通过实验测试,表明系统能够实现对多路高压模拟信号的采集以及数据准确完整回读的功能,保证了导弹飞行数据的正确性与完整性.     

Investigating Factors Affecting on the Efficiency of Dynamic Mixers

Mixers are widely used in chemical and hydrometallurgical processes. For instance, one of the greatest challenges in the field of hydrometallurgy process is agitation made by impeller inside mixers. Solvent extraction is a process for separating components in solution by their distribution between two immiscible liquids. Dynamic mixers are qualified as efficient vessels for mixing in processes accompanied by mass, momentum and heat transfer and chemical reaction. One of the advantages of this type of receptacles is their high productivity. In this study, recent conceptual and technological innovations in various dynamic mixers are reviewed. For this purpose, geometrical, operational, and physical effective parameters in the most important research are investigated. In addition, optimal parameters, drop size measurement, and distribution are discussed. Current industrial applications and efficiency are discussed from a process perspective, focusing on mixing. Considering the development of flow equipment in various flow regimes, advances in this field will play a crucial role in scientific and industrial communities. For design and optimization of the dynamic mixers, some models are used. The model structure is selected based on its good compromise between accuracy and complexity. Validation of the computational fluid dynamics models with experimental data by using progressive methods resulted in realistic simulations. In recent researches, there has been an increasing interest in the development of alternative designs for improvements of key elements, such as geometry of baffles, mixer vessels, impellers, operational parameters of mixers and impellers, etc.     

Neck,shoulder and low back pain in secondary schoolchildren in relation to schoolbag carriage: Should the recommended weight limits be gender-specific?

The occurrence of neck, shoulder and low back complaints in relation to schoolbag carriage and other potential risk factors were investigated in a cross-sectional study of 586 Iranian schoolchildren aged 12–14 years. The average load carried by schoolchildren was 2.8 kg. Neck, shoulder and low back complaints during the preceding month were reported by 35.3%, 26.1% and 33% of the students, respectively. Gender was an independent factor predicting musculoskeletal symptoms in schoolchildren. Girls were more likely than boys to suffer from neck, shoulder and low back complaints, although there was no significant difference between genders in terms of schoolbag carriage variables. The findings suggest that the recommended weight limit for schoolbag carriage may need to differ between boys and girls. The associations between schoolbag variables and reported symptoms are also discussed. The results provide evidence that the current weight limit should consider a broader combination of factors that influence the use of schoolbags.     

Experimental investigation on the cause of harmfulness of the bluewater tree to XLPE cable insulation

Through investigations made on crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) insulated power cables that had experienced failures, blue-colored water trees were observed in addition to ordinary white water trees. The blue water tree was found to be much more harmful than the white water tree, since more electrical trees started at the blue trees. Elemental analysis revealed that iron and sulfur exist in the blue tree. In the case of this blue water tree, space charge exists abundantly but only at the tree tip, while no charge signal is observed on the electrode from which the tree starts. This indicates that the conductivity of the blue tree is very high. This is considered to be the main reason of the harmfulness of this tree     

Identification of Glucosylceramides Containing Sphingatrienine in Maize and Rice Using Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry

We characterized the glucosylceramide moieties from maize and rice using liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry. Glucosylceramides containing 4,8-sphingadienine (d18:2) acylated to hydroxy-fatty acids were detected as the predominant molecules both in maize and in rice. In addition, 4-hydroxy-8-sphingenine (t18:1) and sphingatrienine (d18:3) were found in maize and rice glucosylceramides, and in the case of rice, sphingenine (d18:1) was also detected. Glucosylceramides containing d18:3 were acylated to hydroxyl fatty acids (16–24 carbon atoms). Our results indicate the presence of the triene type of sphingoid base in higher plants.     

Physico-chemical properties investigation of cisplatin loaded polybutyladipate (PBA) nanoparticles prepared by w/o/w

cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (cisplatin) is used against different kinds of cancers. Unfortunately, because of the severe side-effects like nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, etc., they are administered in small doses at low concentrations. The purpose of this work is to improve injectional controlled release (ICR) of cisplatin that releases drug in the extended temporal periods. In order to access this aim, biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles containing cisplatin as anticancer drug of various ranges from 71 to 661 nm were prepared by a w/o/w double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. Influences of process parameters such as solvent removal technique, type and concentration of polymer, volume of oil phase, volume of external aqueous phase, concentration of stabilizer, drug concentration in the internal and external aqueous phases and power of sonication on morphology, characteristics of the nanoparticles and release profile were investigated. Morphology of the nanoparticles was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the images indicated that spherical shape of the nanoparticles can be tailored to rod-like shape by changing the reaction parameters. Size of the nanoparticles decreased as polymer concentration decreases. Volume of oil phase, power of sonication and drug concentration in the internal water phase affected the size of nanoparticles. Drug release profiles indicate that polymer concentration in the oil phase and stabilizer concentration in the external water phase have critical role in the drug release process from the nanoparticles. The in-vitro release of the encapsulated drug was observed by using the diffusion models of release from a sphere carrier and the release pattern was shown to be a complex process.