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101.
This study relates to the development of ultraviolet (UV)-curable, organic–inorganic nanocomposite hard coatings for plastic lens substrates, especially for polythiourethane (PTU) and polycarbonate (PC). Novel difunctional thiourethane methacrylate (mercaptoethylsulfide-thiourethane methacrylate: coded MES-TUMA and isophorone diisocyanate-mercaptoethylsulfide-thiourethane methacrylate: coded IPDI-MES-TUMA) was synthesized to enhance the adhesive strength for PTU. On the basis of IR, 1H NMR, electron spray ionisation-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) analysis and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), the expected structures were confirmed. These difunctional thiourethane methacrylates were easily mixed with multifunctional urethane acrylate, surface-modified ZrO2–TiO2 nanoparticles and photoinitiator in coating formulations. The UV-cured organic–inorganic nanocomposites were very useful as hard coatings for high refractive index plastic lenses such as PTU and PC. 相似文献
102.
Fast and Almost Complete Nitridation of Mesoporous Silica MCM-41 with Ammonia in a Plug-Flow Reactor
Fumitaka Hayashi Ken-ichi Ishizu Masakazu Iwamoto 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2010,93(1):104-110
The title reaction proceeded well to yield silicon (oxy)nitride at 973–1323 K using a plug-flow reactor. The degree of nitridation was studied as a function of temperature and time of nitridation, the sample weight, and the flow rate of ammonia. It was dependent on the reaction temperature and the amount of ammonia supplied per sample weight. The nitridation at 1273 K for 10–25 h yielded the oxynitride with 36–39 wt% nitrogen, which was very close to 40 wt% of Si3 N4 . Characterization with X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy measurements, and nitrogen adsorption revealed the conversion of MCM-41 to the corresponding oxynitride without essential loss of the mesoporous structure, the decrements of the lattice constant and the pore diameter by 20–35%, and the increments of the wall thickness by ca. 45%. Solid-state 29 Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectra during the nitridation clearly showed fast decrease in SiO4 species and slow in SiO3 (OH). Various intermediate species, SiO x N y (NH2 or NH) z , were observed to be formed and finally, ca. 70% SiN4 species, ca. 20% SiN3 (NH2 or NH), and ca. 10% SiON2 (NH2 or NH) were produced, being consistent with the results of the above mentioned elemental analysis. 相似文献
103.
Formation mechanisms of a coating with a duplex layer, outer β-NiAl(Cr) and inner α-Cr(Ni) layer structure on a Ni–40.2 at% Cr alloy were proposed and change in the coating structure was investigated during high temperature oxidation. The Ni–40.2 at% Cr alloy was electro-plated with about 12μm Ni followed by a high Al activity pack cementation at 1073K to form a coated layer with an outer δ-Ni2Al3 and an inner layer containing Al more than 70at% which grew with an inward diffusion of Al. The coated Ni–40.2at% Cr alloy was oxidized at 1373K in air for up to 2592ks. It was found that at the initial stage of oxidation the as-coated layer structure changed to a two-layer, outer β-NiAl(Cr) and inner α-Cr(Ni), structure. Al contents in the α-Cr(Ni) layer was less than 0.3at%. With long term oxidation an intermediate γ-Ni(Cr, Al) layer formed between the outer and inner layers, whereas the inner α-Cr(Ni) layer became thinner and then disappeared after the 2592ks oxidation at 1373K. Coating processes and changes in the coating structure during high temperature oxidation were discussed based on diffusion and composition paths plotted on a Ni–Cr–Al phase diagram 相似文献
104.
Ragnhild E. Aune Miyuki Hayashi Keiji Nakajima Seshadri Seetharaman 《JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society》2002,54(11):62-69
The optimization of metallurgical processes requires reliable data of the slag phase. This paper focuses on three properties
that are relevant to heat and mass-transfer calculations — viscosities,thermal diffusivities, and surface tensions of silicate melts. A brief account of the experimental techniques used for the
measurements of these properties, with special reference to the work carried out in the Division of Metallurgy, Royal Institute
of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, are presented, along with the advantages and limitations. As these properties are structure-oriented,
the impact of structure on these properties is also presented. The paper is intended as a state-of-the-art review of the subject. 相似文献
105.
106.
Shunsuke Kato Prof. Akira Onoda Naomasa Taniguchi Prof. Ulrich Schwaneberg Prof. Takashi Hayashi 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2021,22(4):679-685
Directed evolution of Cp*RhIII-linked nitrobindin (NB), a biohybrid catalyst, was performed based on an in vitro screening approach. A key aspect of this effort was the establishment of a high-throughput screening (HTS) platform that involves an affinity purification step employing a starch-agarose resin for a maltose binding protein (MBP) tag. The HTS platform enables efficient preparation of the purified MBP-tagged biohybrid catalysts in a 96-well format and eliminates background influence of the host E. coli cells. Three rounds of directed evolution and screening of more than 4000 clones yielded a Cp*RhIII-linked NB(T98H/L100K/K127E) variant with a 4.9-fold enhanced activity for the cycloaddition of acetophenone oximes with alkynes. It is confirmed that this HTS platform for directed evolution provides an efficient strategy for generating highly active biohybrid catalysts incorporating a synthetic metal cofactor. 相似文献
107.
To enhance chemical stability and suppress of aggregation of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs), which are used as a support for thermoresponsive copolymer immobilization, silica coating of the MNPs is applied via the electrooxidation method. Although the resulting silica coated-MNPs also formed aggregates, the size distribution of the aggregate shifted to smaller size range. Because of that, the surface area available for copolymer immobilization increased approximately 6.7 times at maximum as compared with that of the uncoated MNPs. It contributed to the increase of the amount of the immobilized copolymer on the silica-coated MNPs, which is approximately four times larger than that on the uncoated MNPs. Fe3O4 dissolution test confirmed enhancement of chemical stability of MNPs. The thermoresponsive copolymer immobilized on the silica-coated MNPs shows the ability to recycle Cu(II) ion from Cu(II) containing solution by changing temperature with significantly shorter time than those in other thermoresponsive adsorbents in gel form. 相似文献
108.
109.
Yuta Shizukawa Shigenari Hayashi Suzue Yoneda Yasumitsu Kondo Hiroshi Tanei Shigeharu Ukai 《Oxidation of Metals》2016,86(3-4):315-326
The phase transformation behavior of a thermally grown oxide scale of FeO on pure-Fe and an Fe–2wt%Au alloy was investigated. Particular attention was paid to formation of a magnetite seam, which is the Fe3O4 layer formed at the FeO/alloy interface at an initial stage of the phase transformation, since it has important effects on the overall phase transformation of FeO scale. A thin Au(Fe) layer was found to develop on the Fe–Au alloy at the FeO/alloy interface after 32 min of oxidation at 750 °C in air. This Au(Fe) layer prevented formation of a magnetite seam and accelerated the FeO eutectoid reaction. The Au(Fe) layer acted as a “chemical diffusion barrier” for inward diffusion of Fe from the FeO to the alloy substrate across the FeO/alloy interface and prevented magnetite seam formation. 相似文献
110.
Nanoparticles were prepared by the thermosensitive aggregation of the elastin model polypeptide, (GVGVP)251, and gamma-ray crosslinking. Three different heating processes, “slow heating,” “fast heating,” and “heat shock,” were used
for the aggregation of the peptide, followed by gamma-ray crosslinking. Only the “heat shock” process successfully yielded
stable nanoparticles with diameters of less than ca. 150 nm and a narrow size distribution. Circular dichroism (CD) spectrometry
showed that this polypeptide formed a type-II β-turn structure when the temperature was increased to above the cloudy point
in the case of the “heat shock” process; suggesting that this structure might contribute to stable nanoparticle formation
by gamma-rays. CD spectrometry also suggested that this structure would be affected during the formation of stable crosslinked
particles. 相似文献