老有所养 葡萄牙某老人之家

<正>本项目始于2015年,直至2018年才完工。这是一个专为老年人设计的医疗保健住宅,包括10间双人间和4间单人间,所有的房间都配有自己独立的私人设施。该项目主要为了缓解现有医疗保健中心床位紧张的矛盾,建筑师从功能上考虑,在现有建筑和扩建部分之间建立了内部联系和必要的交通流线。建筑师从可用的基地面积以及与现有建筑的连接需要等方面出发,拟定了扩建     

Introduction to crystallographic refinement of macromolecular atomic models

Refinement of atomic models is a necessary step in solving the macromolecular structure by X-ray diffraction methods. Nowadays, high automation and well-developed interfaces give a possibility to use the most popular refinement programs as black boxes. Nevertheless, working with complex objects requires an understanding of the internal structure and principles of operation of these programs and critical assessment of the results of refinement. In this review, we discuss the basic principles of the organization of refinement programs and the history of their improvement and development, as the studied objects became more and more complicated. The discussions are kept at the level of basic mathematic knowledge avoiding unnecessary formalism and too detailed expressions.     

A macro-element strategy based upon spectral finite elements and mortar elements for transient wave propagation modeling. Application to ultrasonic testing of laminate composite materials

Proposing efficient numerical modeling tools for high-frequency wave propagation in realistic configurations, such as the one appearing in ultrasonic testing experiments, is a major challenge, especially in the perspective of inversion loops or parametric studies. We propose a numerical methodology addressing this challenge and based upon the combination of the spectral finite element method and the mortar element method. From a prior decomposition of the scene of interest into “macro-elements,” we show how one can improve the performances of the standard finite element procedures in terms of memory footprint and computational load. Additionally, using this decomposition, we are able to efficiently reconstruct important modeling features on-the-fly, such as orientations of anisotropic materials or splitting directions of perfectly matched layers formulations, altogether in a robust and efficient manner. We believe that this strategy is particularly suitable for parametric studies and sensitivity analysis. We illustrate our strategy by simulating the propagation of an ultrasonic wave into an immersed and curved anisotropic laminate 3D specimen flawed with an internal circular delamination of varying size, thus showing the efficiency and the robustness of our approach.     

Oxidation of H2S by iron oxides in unsaturated conditions

Previous studies have demonstrated that gas-phase H2S can immobilize certain redox-sensitive contaminants (e.g., Cr, U, Tc) in vadose zone environments. A key issue for effective and efficient delivery of H2S in these environments is the reactivity of the gas with indigenous iron oxides. To elucidate the factors that control the transport of H2S in the vadose zone, laboratory column experiments were conducted to identify reaction mechanisms and measure rates of H2S oxidation by iron oxide-coated sands using several carrier gas compositions (N2, air, and O2) and flow rates. Most experiments were conducted using ferrihydrite-coated sand. Additional studies were conducted with goethite- and hematite-coated sand and a natural sediment. Selective extractions were conducted at the end of each column experiment to determine the mass balance of the reaction products. XPS was used to confirm the presence of the reaction products. For column experiments in which ferrihydrite-coated sand was the substrate and N2 was the carrier gas, the major H2S oxidation products were FeS and elemental sulfur (mostly S8(0), represented as S(0) for simplicity) at ratios that were consistent with the stoichiometry of the postulated reactions. When air or O2 were used as the carrier gas, S(0) became the dominant reaction product along with FeS2 and smaller amounts of FeS, sulfate, and thiosulfate. A mathematical model of reactive transport was used to test the hypothesis that S(0) forming on the iron oxide surfaces reduces access of H2S to the reactive surface. Several conceptual models were assessed in the context of the postulated reactions with the final model based on a linear surface poisoning model and fitted reaction rates. These results indicate that carrier gas selection is a critical consideration with significant tradeoffs for remediation objectives.     

Cashew Apple Juice as Substrate for Lactic Acid Production

The aim of the present work was to investigate the use of cashew apple juice as a low cost substrate for Lactobacillus casei B-442 cultivation and lactic acid production. Ammonium sulfate was employed as the only exogenous nitrogen source. The effect of cashew apple juice reducing sugars and ammonium sulfate concentration and the fermentation pH and temperature on biomass formation, lactic acid production, and productivity were evaluated. The highest productivity (2.36 g/L.h) was obtained applying 50 g/L of reducing sugar from the cashew apple juice supplemented with 6 g/L of ammonium sulfate. The process yield was about 95% when fermentation was carried out at 37 °C with pH controlled at pH 6.5 using NaOH (120 g/L).     

Accidents with sharp instruments in nurses in a university hospital in Campinas, Sao Paolo

To investigate the role of the sympathetic nervous system in angiotensin II (AngII)-stimulated medial and neointimal smooth muscle cell (SMC) replication, we sympathectomized rats with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in which the left carotid artery was injured by a balloon catheter. Balloon injury is associated with a loss of specific [3H]-prazosin binding. AngII (250 ng/kg/min), infused 2 weeks after balloon injury of the rat left carotid artery, increased systolic blood pressure by approximately 70 mm Hg. There was no effect of 6-OHDA on this pressor response. AngII increased the cumulative 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling fraction (LF) in the uninjured right carotid media and the injured left carotid neointima as compared to controls (5.7+/-1.6% vs. 0.4+/-0.1%, p<0.05; 10.6+/-0.9% vs. 5.0+/-0.8%, p<0.05, respectively). 6-OHDA decreased the AngII-induced increase in LF in the media of the uninjured right carotid artery (AngII/6-OHDA 0.9+/-0.2% vs. AngII 5.7+/-1.6%, p < 0.05). 6-OHDA did not decrease the AngII-induced increase in LF in both the injured left carotid media and neointima at 4 weeks after balloon injury. The effects of chemical sympathectomy were comparable with those obtained 12 weeks after balloon injury. Thus, the data show that the sympathetic nervous system mediates the AngII-induced increase in SMC DNA synthesis, but only in the uninjured carotid media. This indicates a differential regulation of AngII-induced SMC replication in injured and uninjured vessels.     

Efficacy of ethylene‐diamine‐tetra‐acetic acid associated with chlorhexidine on intracanal medication removal: A scanning electron microscopy study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 17% ethylene‐diamine‐tetra‐acetic acid (EDTA) used alone or associated with 2% chlorhexidine gel (CHX) on intracanal medications (ICM) removal. Sixty single‐rooted human teeth with fully formed apex were selected. The cervical and middle thirds of each canal were prepared with Gates Glidden drills and rotary files. The apical third was shaped with hand files. The specimens were randomly divided into two groups depending on the ICM used after instrumentation: calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)₂+CHX or Ca(OH)₂+sterile saline (SS). After seven days, each group was divided into subgroups according to the protocol used for ICM removal: instrumentation and irrigation either with EDTA, CHX+EDTA, or SS (control groups). All specimens were sectioned and processed for observation of the apical thirds by using scanning electron microscopy. Two calibrated evaluators attributed scores to each specimen. The differences between the protocols for ICM removal were analyzed with Kruskal‐Wallis and Mann‐Whitney U tests. Friedman and Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used for comparison between the score of debris obtained in each root canal third. Remains of Ca(OH)₂ were found in all specimens independently of the protocol and ICM used (P > 0.05). Seventeen percent EDTA showed the best results in removing ICM when used alone (P < 0.05), particularly in those associated with CHX. It was concluded that the chelating agent 17% EDTA significantly improved the removal of ICM when used alone. Furthermore, the type of the vehicle associated with Ca(OH)₂ also plays a role in the ICM removal. Microsc. Res. Tech. 77:735–739, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.